2023-12-02T05:00:28+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>inner membrane</p>, <p>prevent channel opening/depolarization of the membrane and block conduction of AP</p>, <p>those with high AP rate </p>, <p>open/inactivated Na+ channels</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>false; charged (hydrophilic)</p>, <p>sodium bicarbonate; increases uncharged form</p>, <p>Uncharged; charged </p>, <p>7.5-9</p>, <p>neurotoxicity, myocardial depression/hypotension</p>, <p>sleepiness, light-headedness, visual/auditory disturbances, restlessness </p>, <p>tongue numbness, metallic taste </p>, <p>depress pacemaker activity, excitability, and conduction in the heart through blockage of cardiac na+ channels</p>, <p>given locally to decrease rate of systemic absorption and increase effect in desired area</p>, <p>cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine</p>, <p>lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine, articaine</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>f</p>, <p>b,e</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>d,e</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>standard anesthetic, intermediate duration, anti-arrhythmic </p> flashcards
Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics

Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics

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  • inner membrane

    Anesthetics bind to the ___________.

  • prevent channel opening/depolarization of the membrane and block conduction of AP

    Anesthetics MOA?

  • those with high AP rate

    Which kind of neurons have the greatest efficacy when treated with anesthetics?

  • open/inactivated Na+ channels

    What kind of channels do anesthetics act on?

  • d

    Local anesthetics are ______.

    a) strong acids

    b) strong bases

    c) weak acids

    d) weak bases

  • false; charged (hydrophilic)

    Anesthetics exist in an uncharged form. T/F?

  • sodium bicarbonate; increases uncharged form

    What do we co-administer with anesthetics to improve penetration into the cell?

  • Uncharged; charged

    ________ form of anesthetics are required to cross the cell membrane while ________ form is required to take effect.

  • 7.5-9

    What is the pKa of most anesthetics?

  • neurotoxicity, myocardial depression/hypotension

    What are AE's of anesthetics? (2)

  • sleepiness, light-headedness, visual/auditory disturbances, restlessness

    What are the Neurotoxic AE's of anesthetics? (4)

  • tongue numbness, metallic taste

    What are the early signs of neurotoxicity? (2)

  • depress pacemaker activity, excitability, and conduction in the heart through blockage of cardiac na+ channels

    How do anesthetics cause CV effects? (3)

  • given locally to decrease rate of systemic absorption and increase effect in desired area

    What is the role of Epinephrine in anesthesia administration? (2)

  • cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine

    What are the Ester-Type anesthetics? (4)

  • lidocaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine, ropivacaine, articaine

    What are the Amide-Type anesthetics? (5)

  • b

    Which is used in ear, nose, and throat procedures?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • d

    Which is used for spinal anesthesia?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • a

    Which is used primarily for oral surgery?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • b

    Which is used to cause rapid vasoconstriction to stop bleeding?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • c

    Which is topical?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • c

    Which is too hydrophobic?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • d

    Which has toxicity concerns and can't be used for higher-volume

    peripheral blocks?

    a) procaine

    b) cocaine

    c) benzocaine

    d) tetracaine

  • a

    Which is used for dental anesthesia?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • f

    Which is used for peripheral/central nerve block procedures?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • b,e

    Which are used for local/regional anesthetic procedures?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • b

    Which has cardiotoxicity?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • d,e

    Which is used as epidurals?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • d

    Which is used for post-operative pain?

    a) articaine

    b) bupivacaine

    c) levobupivacaine

    d) ropivacaine

    e) lidocaine

    f) mepivacaine

  • standard anesthetic, intermediate duration, anti-arrhythmic

    What are the characteristics of Lidocaine? (3)