2017-07-31T10:43:14+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Poneratoxin, Chlorotoxin, Aconitine, Tetrodotoxin, Maitotoxin, Batrachotoxin, Palytoxin, Isopimaric acid, Tinyatoxin, Conotoxin, Veratridine, Antillatoxin, Vanillotoxin, Iodoresiniferatoxin, Cobatoxin, Stichodactyla toxin, Myotoxin, Philanthotoxin, Hefutoxin, Margatoxin, Slotoxin, Apamin, Cobratoxin, Contryphan, Agitoxin, Calitoxin, Lolitrem B, Allopumiliotoxin 267A, Pumiliotoxin 251D, Azaspiracid, Psalmotoxin, Agelenin, Androctonus australis hector insect toxin flashcards
Ion channel toxins

Ion channel toxins

  • Poneratoxin
    Poneratoxin is a paralyzing neurotoxic peptide from the bullet ant Paraponera clavata that affects voltage-dependent sodium ion channels and blocks the synaptic transmission in the central nervous system.
  • Chlorotoxin
    Chlorotoxin is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) which blocks small-conductance chloride channels.
  • Aconitine
    Aconitine is a toxin produced by the Aconitum plant, also known as devil’s helmet or monkshood.
  • Tetrodotoxin
    Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin.
  • Maitotoxin
    Maitotoxin (or MTX) is an extremely potent toxin produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a dinoflagellate species.
  • Batrachotoxin
    Batrachotoxin (BTX) is an extremely potent cardiotoxic and neurotoxic steroidal alkaloid found in certain species of frogs (poison dart frog), melyrid beetles, and birds (the pitohui, blue-capped ifrit, and little shrikethrush).
  • Palytoxin
    Palytoxin is an intense vasoconstrictor, and is considered to be one of the most toxic non-protein substances known, second only to maitotoxin in terms of toxicity in mice.
  • Isopimaric acid
    Isopimaric acid (IPA) is a toxin which acts as a large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (BK channel) opener.
  • Tinyatoxin
    Tinyatoxin (TTX or TTN) is a highly irritant analog of resiniferatoxin and capsaicin.
  • Conotoxin
    A conotoxin is one of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus.
  • Veratridine
    Veratridine is a steroid-derived alkaloid from plants in the Liliaceae family that functions as a neurotoxin by abolishing inactivation of sodium ion channels.
  • Antillatoxin
    Antillatoxin (ATX) is a potent lipopeptide neurotoxin produced by the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula.
  • Vanillotoxin
    Vanillotoxins (VaTxs, subtypes VaTx1, VaTx2, and VaTx3) are neurotoxins found in the venom of the tarantula Psalmopoeus cambridgei.
  • Iodoresiniferatoxin
    Iodoresiniferatoxin (I-RTX) is a strong competitive antagonist of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor.
  • Cobatoxin
    Cobatoxin is a toxin present in the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius.
  • Stichodactyla toxin
    Stichodactyla toxin (ShK) is a peptide toxin that blocks the voltage-gated potassium channels: Kv1.
  • Myotoxin
    Myotoxins are small, basic peptides found in snake venoms, (e.g. rattlesnakes), and lizard venoms (e.g. mexican beaded lizard).
  • Philanthotoxin
    Philanthotoxins are components of the venom of Egyptian solitary wasp Philanthus triangulum F and four toxins are distinguished (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) among which delta-philanthotoxin (dPTX) is most effective to block glutamate receptors and especially those quisqualate-sensitive, that is AMPA receptor.
  • Hefutoxin
    The kappa- Hefutoxin 1 and 2 (κ- Hefutoxin1/2) are toxic components in the venom of Heterometrus fulvipes that belongs to the family scorpionidae.
  • Margatoxin
    Margatoxin (MgTX) is a peptide that selectively inhibits Kv1.
  • Slotoxin
    Slotoxin is a peptide from Centruroides noxius Hoffmann scorpion venom.
  • Apamin
    Apamin is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom).
  • Cobratoxin
    α-Cobratoxin is a substance of the venom of certain Naja cobras.
  • Contryphan
    The contryphans (conus + tryptophan) are a family of peptides that are active constituents of the potent venom produced by cone snail (genus conus).
  • Agitoxin
    Agitoxin is a toxin found in the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus (yellow scorpion).
  • Calitoxin
    Calitoxin, also known as CLX, is a sea anemone neurotoxin produced by the sea anemone Calliactis parasitica.
  • Lolitrem B
    Lolitrem B is one of many toxins produced by a fungus called Epichloë festucae (var. lolii), which grows in perennial ryegrass.
  • Allopumiliotoxin 267A
    Allopumiliotoxin 267A is a toxin found in the skin of several poison frogs of the family Dendrobates.
  • Pumiliotoxin 251D
    Pumiliotoxin 251D is a toxic organic compound.
  • Azaspiracid
    Azaspiracids (AZA) are a group of polycyclic ether marine algal toxins produced by the small dinoflagellate Azadinium spinosum that can accumulate in humans causing illnesses.
  • Psalmotoxin
    Psalmotoxin (PcTx1) is a spider toxin from the venom of the Trinidad tarantula Psalmopoeus cambridgei.
  • Agelenin
    Agelenin, also called U1-agatoxin-Aop1a, is an antagonist of the presynaptic P-type calcium channel in insects.
  • Androctonus australis hector insect toxin
    Androctonus australis hector insect toxin also known as AaHIT is a scorpion toxin which affects voltage-gated sodium channels.