2024-10-02T16:16:56+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>What is genomics? (2)</p>, <p>What is genetics? (2)</p>, <p>How are genomics and genetics related? (2)</p>, <p>What is an “-ome”? (2)</p>, <p>What is the central dogma of molecular biology? (3)</p>, <p>Name three major "omes" and their biological objects. (3)</p>, <p>What does transcriptomics study? (1)</p>, <p>What does proteomics study? (1)</p>, <p>What is the mitochondrial genome? (2)</p>, <p>What is the epigenome? (2)</p>, <p>What is the metagenome? (2)</p>, <p>How much did it cost to sequence a human genome in 2001? (1)</p>, <p>How long did it take to sequence a human genome in 2001? (1)</p>, <p>How much does it cost to sequence a human genome in 2024? (1)</p>, <p>How long does it take to sequence a human genome in 2024? (1)</p>, <p>How has Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) impacted genome sequencing? (3)</p> flashcards

Introduction to Genomics (Genomics)

Introduction to Genomics The session aims to introduce the topic of Genomics and all the associated areas that come under this blanket term. Research in this area is transforming our understanding of biology and medicine and forms the basis of the NHS incorporation of genomic medicine into routine clinical practice. Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the lecture, students should be able to: Describe why the study of genomics is important Describe the difference between genomics and genetics Explain the use of the suffix -ome with particular reference to DNA, RNA and proteins Explain the basic reason why genomics changed radically in 2007 Describe the content that they will receive during the module Describe the assessments that are part of the module

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  • What is genomics? (2)

    The study of the entire DNA sequence of an organism

    Contains the complete set of genes

  • What is genetics? (2)

    The study of how traits are passed down through generations

    Focuses on the role of genes in inheritance

  • How are genomics and genetics related? (2)

    Both involve the study of genes and DNA

    They are not the same, but they are interconnected

  • What is an “-ome”? (2)

    The sum total of a specific biological entity

    Example: A genome is the total of all DNA sequences in an organism

  • What is the central dogma of molecular biology? (3)

    DNA is transcribed into RNA (genomics to transcriptome)

    RNA is translated into proteins (transcriptome to proteome)

  • Name three major "omes" and their biological objects. (3)

    DNA: Genome

    RNA: Transcriptome

    Proteins: Proteome

  • What does transcriptomics study? (1)

    The study of all RNA transcripts produced by a cell, tissue, or organism

  • What does proteomics study? (1)

    The study of all proteins produced by an organism

  • What is the mitochondrial genome? (2)

    The DNA sequence within mitochondria, around 16kbp

    Linked to many rare diseases

  • What is the epigenome? (2)

    Changes in marks on the DNA strand or histones

    Associated with some diseases

  • What is the metagenome? (2)

    The genomes of all microorganisms in a specific location

    Associated with some diseases

  • How much did it cost to sequence a human genome in 2001? (1)

    ~£100,000,000

  • How long did it take to sequence a human genome in 2001? (1)

    ~1000 days

  • How much does it cost to sequence a human genome in 2024? (1)

    As low as £100

  • How long does it take to sequence a human genome in 2024? (1)

    Less than 2 days

  • How has Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) impacted genome sequencing? (3)

    Made it 1,000,000x cheaper than in 2001

    Made it 500x faster

    Greatly improved the efficiency of genetic research