2022-10-02T19:42:07+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function</p>, <p>progressive tissue destruction</p>, <p>disease</p>, <p>leukocytes (granulocytes)</p>, <p>lymphocytes, macrophages</p>, <p>vascular phase, cellular phase</p>, <p>vascular phase</p>, <p>cellular phase</p>, <p>Histamine</p>, <p>Serotonin</p>, <p>Prostaglandins</p>, <p>Platelet activating factor</p>, <p>Leukotrienes</p>, <p>ROS</p>, <p>Nitric oxide</p>, <p>Cytokines, TNF, Interleukin 1</p>, <p>to phagocytose pathogens and cell debris at the site to allow for tissue healing</p>, <p>chronic response</p>, <p>sequel of an infection; glandular fever</p>, <p>epstein-barr virus</p>, <p>inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, remodeling phase</p>, <p>inflammatory phase</p>, <p>Proliferative phase</p>, <p>remodeling phase</p>, <p>First intention healing</p>, <p>second intention healing</p> flashcards
Inflammation & healing

Inflammation & healing

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  • redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function

    What are our 5 classical signs of inflammation?

  • progressive tissue destruction

    Too little inflammation could lead to _______

  • disease

    Too much inflammation may lead to _______

  • leukocytes (granulocytes)

    Acute inflammation is characterized by what kind of cells?

  • lymphocytes, macrophages

    Chronic inflammation is characterized by what kind of cells?

  • vascular phase, cellular phase

    What are the phases of acute inflammation?

  • vascular phase

    -vasodilation resulting in increased blood flow (redness & heat)

    -protein-rich exudate leave capillary into interstitial space

    -changes osmotic pressure to increase fluid (swelling)

  • cellular phase

    -leukocytes (granulocytes) adhere and transmigrate from blood vessel into the injured tissues extravascular space

    -immune cells become activated and phagocytosis occurs

  • Histamine

    -source: mast cells, basophils, platelets

    -action: vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, endothelial activation

  • Serotonin

    -source: Platelets

    -action: vasodilation, increased vascular permeability

  • Prostaglandins

    -source: mast cells, leukocytes

    -action: vasodilation, pain, fever

  • Platelet activating factor

    -source: leukocytes, mast cells

    -action: vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, leukocyte adhesion, chemotaxis, degranulation, oxidative burst

  • Leukotrienes

    -source: mast cells, leukocytes

    -action: increased vascular permeability, chemotaxis, leukocyte adhesion and activation

  • ROS

    -source: leukocytes

    -action: killing of microbes, tissue damage

  • Nitric oxide

    -source: leukocytes

    -action: vascular smooth muscle relaxation, killing of microbes

  • Cytokines, TNF, Interleukin 1

    -source: macrophages, endothelial cells, mast cells

    -action local endothelial activation (expression of adhesion molecules), fever/pain/anorexia/hypotension, decreased vascular resistance (shock)

  • to phagocytose pathogens and cell debris at the site to allow for tissue healing

    What is the role of neutrophils and macrophages in the inflammatory response?

  • chronic response

    What type of inflammatory response results in the proliferation of fibroblasts?

  • sequel of an infection; glandular fever

    Tonsilitis is defined as ______ and is caused by what?

  • epstein-barr virus

    What is the cause of glandular fever?

  • inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, remodeling phase

    Stages of wound healing?

  • inflammatory phase

    -this phase begins when the wound develops and typically lasts from 4-6 days ; characterized by edema, erythema (reddening of the skin)

  • Proliferative phase

    -this phase utilizes fibroblasts to lay collage in the wound bed and strength new granulation tissue; typically lasts 4-24 days

  • remodeling phase

    -filled-in-wound is covered and strengthened; scar tissue forms

    -can last 21 days to 2 years; depends on severity of wound and patient

  • First intention healing

    -occurs when there is a minimal tissue damage and the wound edges closely approximate each other. e.g. surgical incision

  • second intention healing

    -occurs when there is a large defect, the wound edges are far apart, and the healing tissue is exposed. e.g. gaping wounds or serious burns