2023-05-07T04:21:30+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex</p>, <p>DSM-V; 2</p>, <p>tolerance </p>, <p>dependence</p>, <p>not interchangeable </p>, <p>normal alcohol consumption increases GABA signaling, but chronic use reduces GABA expression; therefore more needs to be consumed to have the same effect</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>ethyl alcohol induced endorphin release; mu-opioid receptor activation in nucleus accumbens </p>, <p>gastric lavage, iv fluids/oxygen, dialysis </p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>Sodium Bicarbonate </p>, <p>false</p>, <p>naltrexone, buprenorphine, methadone </p>, <p>c</p>, <p>b</p> flashcards
Drug Misuse and Substance use Toxicology

Drug Misuse and Substance use Toxicology

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  • ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex

    Where is the Reward Circuitry located in the brain?

  • DSM-V; 2

    _______ defines substance use disorder as experiencing at least _____ of the symptoms in a given year.

  • tolerance

    -when a person no longer responds to a drug in the way that they initially responded

    -often due to changes in circuitry

  • dependence

    -continued administration is needed to prevent withdrawal syndrome

    -characterized by increased heart rate, hypertension, sweating, tremor, confusions, and seizures

  • not interchangeable

    Tolerance and Dependence are _____________.

  • normal alcohol consumption increases GABA signaling, but chronic use reduces GABA expression; therefore more needs to be consumed to have the same effect

    How does Alcohol tolerance occur?

  • a

    What is the primary mechanism of sedation in Alcohol use?

    a) GABA & Glycine receptor signaling

    b) NMDA-R inhibition

    c) Glutamate transporter expression

    d) Lysine overstimulation

  • b

    What is responsible for confusion and memory loss?

    a) GABA & Glycine receptor signaling

    b) NMDA-R inhibition

    c) Glutamate transporter expression

    d) Lysine overstimulation

  • c

    What is responsible for exacerbating memory difficulties?

    a) GABA & Glycine receptor signaling

    b) NMDA-R inhibition

    c) Glutamate transporter expression

    d) Lysine overstimulation

  • ethyl alcohol induced endorphin release; mu-opioid receptor activation in nucleus accumbens

    Why is Alcohol so addictive? (2)

  • gastric lavage, iv fluids/oxygen, dialysis

    How can we treat Alcohol poisoning? (3)

  • a

    Which pharmacologic treatment has BBW to never administer when intoxicated or without patient's knowledge?

    a) disulfiram

    b) acamprosate

    c) naltrexone

  • b

    Which pharmacologic treatment has a similar structure to GABA?

    a) disulfiram

    b) acamprosate

    c) naltrexone

  • c

    Which pharmacologic treatment is an opioid-receptor antagonist?

    a) disulfiram

    b) acamprosate

    c) naltrexone

  • a

    Which pharmacologic treatment is an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor?

    a) disulfiram

    b) acamprosate

    c) naltrexone

  • Sodium Bicarbonate

    _______ can be used to uncouple TCAs from the heart.

  • false

    Sodium bicarbonate can be used to uncouple MAOIs. T/F?

  • naltrexone, buprenorphine, methadone

    What are our treatments for opioid use disorder? (3)

  • c

    Which is an opioid receptor agonist and NMDA-R antagonist?

    a) naltrexone

    b) buprenorphine

    c) methadone

  • b

    Which is a Partial Mu- opioid receptor agonist?

    a) naltrexone

    b) buprenorphine

    c) methadone