Hosam Mohamed-
creatine, BUN, urinalysis, USG, Inulin
What is used to measure renal function? (5)
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66%; 33%
How much fluid is in the ICF?
How much is in the ECF?
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25%; 75%
How much plasma makes up the ECF?
How much Interstitial fluid makes it up?
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alkalosis, shallow respirations, irritability, confusion/drowsiness, weakness/fatigue, arrhythmias, lethargy, thready pulse
What are the symptoms of Hypo-kalemia? (8)
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d
What must be corrected first in order to fix hypo-kalemia?
a) hypocalcemia
b) hyponatremia
c) hypermagnesemia
d) hypomagnesemia
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1.4-2
What is the normal range of Mg2+?
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when there is high aldosterone activity
When do high amounts of potassium excretion occur?
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muscle cells, liver, kidney
Where in the body is potassium highly concentrated? (3)
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on thiazides, poor diet, vomiting/diarrhea
Which patients are most likely to experience hypokalemia? (3)
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loops, thiazides
Which medications are most commonly involved in hypokalemia? (2)
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dextrose; causes insulin secretion which pushes potassium into cells
Which fluid vehicle should we avoid when administering IV potassium?
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dietary supplementation
How do we treat mild hypokalemia?
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every 10mEq administered = 0.1 mEq increase
Provide the rough estimation used to predict change in potassium as it relates to dose.
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phosphate, chloride, gluconate, bicarbonate
What are the oral supplements of potassium? (4)
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c
Which is used when a patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis?
a) potassium-chloride
b) potassium-gluconate
c) potassium-bicarbonate
d) potassium-phosphate
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a
Which form is used the most?
a) potassium-chloride
b) potassium-gluconate
c) potassium-bicarbonate
d) potassium-phosphate
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central venous catheter; avoid right atrium to prevent cardiac arrhythmia
How should potassium be administered?
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when K+ doses are < 20 mEq
When is peripheral administration ok?
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40mEq/per hour
What is the max rate for administering potassium?
