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imporatance of site characterization
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Location
The geographic position of the agricultural enterprise
relative to a city, town, or landmark (e.g., Brgy. Pangasugan).
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Site
The specific area for crop cultivation (e.g., near Calbigaa
River), considering factors like soil, topography, elevation,
vegetation, and microclimate.
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1. Crop is identified then find the site to plant the
chosen crop. and 2. Site is given/known, know what crop(s) to grow
2 cases of starting a crop production enterprise
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Enterprise feasibility and profitability
In case 1 the crop is identified based on
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suitability and
capability of land to sustain its production
In case 2 the crop is identified based on the
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Climate, Weather, Macroclimate, Microclimate, Precipitation, Temperature, Wind, Relative humidity, Light, Soil Texture, Soil pH, SOM, Soil Organisms
State the ecological factors
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Climate
defined as the
general state of the atmosphere
at given location over a long
period of time.
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Weather
is the expression of
the day to day conditions of the
atmosphere at a given location.
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Macroclimate
The climate of
a large region (e.g., country or
province), shaped by factors
like latitude, altitude, and
winds (e.g., tropical or
temperate climates).
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Microclimate
The localized
climate of a small area (e.g., a
field or under a tree),
influenced by soil, vegetation,
water, and elevation.
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Precipitation
any form of
water particles falling on the
ground in liquid or solid form
(rainfall, hail, snow, etc.)
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As a reactants in many biological
reactions
Enters the structure of biological
molecules
Serves as medium of transport of
nutrients and other substances
Helps regulate plants
temperature
Role of water in plants
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Temperature
influences every chemical,
physiological, and biological process in
plants.
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Minimum
the lowest temperature at which
growth occurs.
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Optimum
temperature at which rapid growth
and development are attained
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Maximum
the highest temperature at which
growth would occur
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15-40 degress celsius
maximum temperature
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Wind
Air in Horizontal Motion
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30 km/hr
wind strength that can
cause leaf tearing, particularly
in crops like bananas and
abaca.
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effects of wind in plants
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increased evapotranspiration
Low relative humidity combined with
high temperatures leads to
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reduce evapotranspiration
High relative humidity combined with
high temperatures results in
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Light
affects crop performance
by driving photosynthesis.
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Intensity of light
Measured in lux; spacing
maximizes sunlight. Shade plants
need less light, while others (e.g.,
ornamentals) require more.
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Duration of light
Hours of daily light
impact plant growth and
development.
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wavelength
Measured in
Angstroms or nanometers
and identified by color.
Different wavelengths affect
plant processes:
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red and blue wavelength
the most effective wavelength in photosynthesis
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Photoperiodism
the response to changes in daylength that enables plants to adapt to seasonal changes in their environment
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far-red and red wavelength
the most effective wavelength in photoperiodism
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Soil texture
is determined
by the relative proportion
of sand, silt, and clay.
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Soil structure
is the arrangement of soil
particles into clusters or aggregates.
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affects aeration, water infiltration,
how does soil structure affect plant growth
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5.5-6.5
Ph pH range
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SOM
includes all
carbon-containing compounds
in the soil from plants and
animals.
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Large animals
break down organic
matter into smaller pieces.
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Small organisms
drive biochemical
changes and further decomposition.
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Pollinators, decomposers, Natural pest enemies
beneficial organisms
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Intraspecific
Competition by plants of the
same species for growth
factors within a crop stand.
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Interspecific competition
Competition by plants of
different species for growth
factors.
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Creosotes bush
secretes
chemicals from the roots to inhibit growth of
nearby plants to reduce competition.
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economic factors
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sociological factors
