Hosam Mohamed-
albuminuria is present, diabetic retinopathy, patient has had diabetes for at least 10 years.
Diabetes is the most likely cause of CKD IF:
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ESRD
-defined by the federal government; indicates chronic treatment by dialysis or transplantation
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diabetes & hypertension
What are the leading causes of ESRD?
-
GFR
-the sum of filtration rates in all of the functioning nephrons
-
higher GFR
eGFR is less reliable at ________.
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hemoglobin/hematocrit, bicarbonate, calcium
What decreases with CKD?
-
phosphate, pth, triglycerides
What increases with CKD?
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dysgeusia
-a taste disorder
-
GI, diabetes, skin, neurological
What are manifestations of CKD in adults?
-
pruritis
-a common skin disease that makes you want to scratch
-
pallor
-an abnormal loss of color from normal skin or mucous membranes
-
higher levels of protein; tubule's capacity; kidney damage
__________ which exceed the __________ to reabsorb that protein may exacerbate _________ through injury to the tubules.
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ratio of urine albumin to creatinine
How do we estimate 24-hour albumin excretion?
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UACR<= 30mg/g
What is the cutoff for a normal UACR?
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diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity
Risk factors for Albuminuria?
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initial response to hyperglycemia is an increase in GFR followed by a slow decline
How does hyperglycemia relate to hyperfiltration?
-
progressive albuminuria
What disease is usually associated with Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)?
-
middle-aged and younger
Who is especially at risk to progress to kidney failure in patients with CKD?
