2022-10-18T00:44:10+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Where is the proteasome found and in what amount?</p>, <p>What does the proteasome look like?</p>, <p>How does proteasome know what proteins to work on?</p>, <p>How is ubiquitin added onto other proteins?</p>, <p>What are other functions of ubiquitin?</p>, <p>What are some of the ways you can regulate the e2, e3 complex?</p>, <p>What are some of the ways you can regulate protein degradation?</p>, <p>What are some ways you can regulate the activation of proteins?</p>, <p>What does Protein Kinase A (PKA) do?</p>, <p>What is PKA made of?</p>, <p>What are some examples of what PKA is used in?</p>, <p>What is an example of PKA and its effect?</p>, <p>Where is PKA found?</p>, <p>What is CRE?</p>, <p>How do you read an interactome?</p> flashcards

Bio230 Week 5

Regulation of the Proteome (Post-Translational)

Customize
collection saved
Share
Long Term Learning Spaced Repetition
Add to Long Term Learning Desk
Fast learning Repeat this set of flashcards
Preview Test Spell
Play
Match
Review

  • Where is the proteasome found and in what amount?

    In cytosol and nucleus, accounts for 1% of the cellular protein

  • What does the proteasome look like?

    A hollow cylinder with caps at each end and an active site in the core.

  • How does proteasome know what proteins to work on?

    It only acts on proteins that have been marked with a small protein tag called ubiquitin. (several)

  • How is ubiquitin added onto other proteins?

    Ubiquitin-conjugating system made up of 3 enzymesE1: an ATP-dependent ubiquitin-activating enzyme creates an activated E1-bound ubiquitin (couple types)E2: ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme accepts ubiquitin from E1 and exists as a complex with E3, a ubiquitin ligase that selects substrates. (30 types)E2 and E3 work togetherE3: Binds to specific degradation sequences and is added onto a lysine residue, forms a polyubiquitin chain (100's of types)They all interact with each other with different specificities

    Ubiquitin-conjugating system made up of 3 enzymes

    E1: an ATP-dependent ubiquitin-activating enzyme creates an activated E1-bound ubiquitin (couple types)

    E2: ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme accepts ubiquitin from E1 and exists as a complex with E3, a ubiquitin ligase that selects substrates. (30 types)

    E2 and E3 work together

    E3: Binds to specific degradation sequences and is added onto a lysine residue, forms a polyubiquitin chain (100's of types)

    They all interact with each other with different specificities

  • A

  • What are other functions of ubiquitin?

    Monoubiquitylation- Histone Regulation

    Multiubiquitylation- Endocytosis

    Polyubiquitylation- Proteasome degradation , DNA repair (The lysine that its attached to determines it)

  • What are some of the ways you can regulate the e2, e3 complex?

    Phosphorylation using protein kinase, using a ligand, or needing another protein to activate the e2, e3 complex (covalent modifications)

    Phosphorylation using protein kinase, using a ligand, or needing another protein to activate the e2, e3 complex (covalent modifications)

  • What are some of the ways you can regulate protein degradation?

    Phosphorylation using protein kinase, Dissociating protein reveals signal, cleavage of some blocker

    Phosphorylation using protein kinase, Dissociating protein reveals signal, cleavage of some blocker

  • What are some ways you can regulate the activation of proteins?

  • What does Protein Kinase A (PKA) do?

    Uses ATP phosphorylates other proteins (hence "kinase"). Can regulate gene expression and is activated by cyclic AMP

  • What is PKA made of?

    Two Regulatory SubunitsTwo Catalytic Subunits

    Two Regulatory Subunits

    Two Catalytic Subunits

  • What are some examples of what PKA is used in?

    Enzymes involved in glycogen metabolism in skeletal muscle and liver

  • What is an example of PKA and its effect?

    Ligand(signal molecule) = Adrenaline1. Promotes Breakdown of Glycogen2. Inhibits glycogen synthesis

    Ligand(signal molecule) = Adrenaline

    1. Promotes Breakdown of Glycogen

    2. Inhibits glycogen synthesis

  • Where is PKA found?

    Inactive PKA usually cytosol while active PKA translocated to nucleus

  • What is CRE?

    cAMP Responsive Elements

  • D

  • How do you read an interactome?

    How do you read an interactome?

    Each dot is a protein node

    Each line is an interaction edge