2023-10-30T06:12:29+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p> can donate H+ </p>, <p>accept H+ </p>, <p>carbonic acid/bicarbonate, protein, phosphate</p>, <p>hemoglobin </p>, <p>proximal tubules; carbonic anhydrase</p>, <p>14-18 </p>, <p>7.35-7.45</p>, <p>35-45 mmHg</p>, <p>22-26 mEq/L</p>, <p>drug overdose, head trauma, CVA (stroke), encephalitis </p>, <p>Guillain-Barre syndrome, spinal cord injury, botulism, organophosphate poisoning </p>, <p>antidotes, bronchodilators, ventilator support</p>, <p>alkali therapy </p>, <p>supplemental oxygen, acetazolamide, stop offending drug</p>, <p>Na - (Cl + HCO3)</p>, <p>hypokalemia or hyperkalemia </p>, <p>3-11 mEq/L</p>, <p>hyperchloremic </p>, <p>diarrhea, fistulous disease, RTA type 1/2, CA inhibitors</p>, <p>hypoaldosteronism, HCI, RTA type 4, K+ sparing diuretic </p>, <p>&gt;12</p>, <p>methanol, uremia, DKA, paraldehyde, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates</p>, <p>ureteral diversion, saline infusion, exogenous acid, diarrhea, CA inhibitors, adrenal insufficiency, RTA</p> flashcards
Acid-Base Disorders

Acid-Base Disorders

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  • can donate H+

    An acid is a substance that ______

  • accept H+

    A base is a substance that ______

  • carbonic acid/bicarbonate, protein, phosphate

    What are the major buffers within cells? (3)

  • hemoglobin

    What is the buffer in erythrocytes?

  • proximal tubules; carbonic anhydrase

    90% of reabsorption of bicarbonate occurs in the _______ of the nephron and is catalyzed by ________.

  • 14-18

    What is the normal RR?

  • 7.35-7.45

    What is the normal pH?

  • 35-45 mmHg

    What is the normal PCO2?

  • 22-26 mEq/L

    What is the normal HCO3?

  • drug overdose, head trauma, CVA (stroke), encephalitis

    What can cause CNS-acute respiratory acidosis? (4)

  • Guillain-Barre syndrome, spinal cord injury, botulism, organophosphate poisoning

    What can cause acute NM disease? (respiratory acidosis) *4

  • antidotes, bronchodilators, ventilator support

    What are the treatment options for respiratory acidosis? (3)

  • alkali therapy

    What treatment do we AVOID in respiratory acidosis?

  • supplemental oxygen, acetazolamide, stop offending drug

    What treatments do we have for respiratory alkalosis? (3)

  • Na - (Cl + HCO3)

    Anion Gap =

  • hypokalemia or hyperkalemia

    A normal anion gap occurs because of what conditions? (2)

  • 3-11 mEq/L

    What is the range for the anion gap?

  • hyperchloremic

    A normal anion gap is referred to as __________ acidosis.

  • diarrhea, fistulous disease, RTA type 1/2, CA inhibitors

    What are the causes of Hypokalemic Anion gap? (4)

  • hypoaldosteronism, HCI, RTA type 4, K+ sparing diuretic

    What are the causes of the Hyperkalemic Anion gap? (4)

  • >12

    Which anion gap levels indicate elevated levels?

  • methanol, uremia, DKA, paraldehyde, isoniazid, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates

    What are the causes of elevated anion gap? (9)

  • ureteral diversion, saline infusion, exogenous acid, diarrhea, CA inhibitors, adrenal insufficiency, RTA

    What are the causes of the normal anion gap? (7)