Enzymatic Processes:

Enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) facilitate lipid synthesis.

Phospholipid Backbone Formation:

Glycerol forms the backbone for phospholipids.

Acyl Chain Addition:

Fatty acid chains are added to form phospholipids.

Sphingolipid Synthesis:

ER and Golgi apparatus synthesize sphingolipids.

Sterol Synthesis:

ER synthesizes sterols (steroid-based alcohol) like cholesterol.

Transport to Membranes:

Newly synthesized lipids are transported to membranes.

Membrane Assembly:

Lipids integrate into membranes, forming bilayers.

Review: Membrane Structure and Function I (The Living Cell)