previous anaphylaxis, atopy, mast cell disorders, route/timing of allergen
Risk factors for Anaphylaxis? (4)
hypoxia, hypotension
What are the most notable signs of anaphylaxis? (2)
face, airway, stomach, total body
What does the acronym Think F.A.S.T stand for?
within 1-2 hours of exposure
When does anaphylaxis usually occur?
>=2
How many organ systems need to be affected to be anaphylaxis?
involves skin or mucosal tissue, respiratory symptoms, sudden decrease in bp
Anaphylaxis diagnosis? (3)
>30%
How much of a decrease in BP for children to be considered anaphylactic?
true
10-40% of patients with allergic rhinitis also have asthma. T/F?
allergic rhinitis
- inflammation of nasal mucous membranes; caused by histamine release in
response to certain allergens
genetics, higher social class, eczema, asthma, heavy exposure to 2nd hand smoke, serum IgE > 100 before age 6
Risk factors for Allergic Rhinitis? (6)
sneezing, clear/water snot, itchy eyes/nose, conjunctivitis
What are the most notable signs/symptoms of allergic rhinitis? (4)
<=4 days per week; <=4 weeks
Intermittent Allergic Rhinitis symptom duration?
>4 days per week; >=4 weeks
Persistent Allergic Rhinitis symptom duration?
1 or more impaired: sleep, daily activities, troublesome symptoms
How do we determine the severity of symptoms? (3)
f; viral
Rhinosinusitis is mostly a bacterial infection. T/f?
bacterial; viral
In cases of Rhinosinusitis, _________ infections usually start as ________.
s. pneumonia, H.flu
Bacteria involved in Rhinosinusitis? (2)
rhinovirus, adenovirus, influenza, parainfluenza
Viruses involved in Rhinosinusitis? (4)
previous viral infection, old age, smoking, asthma, allergic rhinitis, immunodeficient
Risk factors of Rhinosinusitis? (6)
nasal congestion, purulent discharge, facial pain/pressure
Rhinosinusitis most telling symptoms? (3)
<7 days
How long does viral rhinosinusitis last?
symptoms >=10 days w/out improvement, severe symptoms/high fever, worsening symptoms of initial viral URTI
When is bacterial infection more likely the cause? (3)
Purulent nasal discharge; facial pain
__________ or ________ at the beginning of the illness (first 3-4 days) can
signify a bacterial infection.
a
Which usually occurs in the winter or early spring?
a) pharyngitis
b) rhinosinusitis
a
Which typically occurs in children age 5-15?
a) pharyngitis
b) rhinosinusitis
rhinovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus
Which viruses are present in Pharyngitis? (3)
S. pyogenes; strep-throat
Which bacteria are present in Pharyngitis?
cough, conjunctivitis, congestion
Which symptoms may suggest Viral Pharyngitis? (3)
throat swab; unless showing signs of viral infection
How do we diagnose Group A streptococcus?
b
Which throat swab is the gold standard?
a) Rapid Antigen Test
b) Culture
a
Which throat swab is more practical & less expensive?
a) Rapid Antigen Test
b) Culture
bilateral
Allergic Rhinitis has a _______ symptom presentation.