Flashcards: statistics and probability terms and definitions test 2

A _______ ______ is an event that cannot be further broken down

Formula for P(A|B)

The addition rule

Formula for P(A or B)

The multiplication rule

Formula for P(A and B)

An _______ is a collection of results or outcomes of a procedure

The ________ of an event tells us how likely that event is to occur, values lie between __ and __ , the smaller the value the less likely the _____ to occur

The _____ _____ consists of all possible simple events

Flipping a coin three times and getting {H H H} is an ____ and a _____ _____ because there is only ____ way to get three heads in three coin flips

Flipping a coin three times and getting 2 heads and 1 Tails is an _____ , but not a _____ _____ because the pattern could have occurred as HTH, HTH, or HTH

A deck of cards has

____ cards total

____ red cards

____ red diamonds

____ red hearts

____ black cards

____ black spades

____ black clubs

of the 13, they are numbered as [____] , where __, __, and __ are face cards

__ is not a face card

A _______ _______ is made up of more than one simple event

The ____ ____ ______ _____ refers to how the more times a procedure is repeated, the closer it is to the true probability

Properties of probabilities

 For ___ _____ ___ , 0 ≤ P(A) ≤ 1

Properties of probabilities

If P(A) = 0, then A is an _______ _______

If P(A) = 1, then A is a ______ _______

An event is unlikely if P(A) ≤ _____

Two events A and B are independent if and only if:

_____ __ ____

Because A is not impacted by the probability of B

_______ __ ___

Because B is not impacted by the probability of A

___________ __ ___ __ ____

Independent events

Two events, A and B, are __________ if the occurrence of one _______ affect the probability of the occurrence of the other 

If two events are not independent they are called _________

With replacement

Each member of the population is replaced after it is picked, so the member has the possibility of being chosen more than once

When sampling is done with replacement, the events are _____________

Without replacement

Each member of the population may only be chosen once

In this case, the probabilities for the second pick are affected by the result of the first pick, so they are ___________

Mutually exclusive events

Two events A and B are mutually exclusive or disjoint if they cannot occur at the same time 

Mutually exclusive if _________ __ ___

If they A and B are mutually exclusive, then __________ __ _____ _ _____

P(B|A) is an example of _________ _________

Theoretical probability of an event

The _______ ________ to probability refers to the formula

P(A) = ______ of ________ in event A / The _____ _______ of _______ in the ______ ______

P(A’) _{(“ A prime”)} refers to the _________ of A, the outcomes of A’ that are not in A

Flipping a coin and getting a heads, _____ would be the complement

P(A’) = _________

P(A) = ___________

Random variable (X)

The _______ _________ is represented by an __, a variable that has a ______ ________ _______, determined by ______, for each _______ of a procedure

a _______ _______ _______ has either a _______ number of values or countable number of values

a _________ ________ __________ has either an ________ number of values and the values can be associated with measurements on a continuous scale

Experimental probability of an event

The ________ ________ __________ is read as P(A) or the P of "A", the probability that event "A" occurs

The formula is P(A) = _______ of times ______ ____ occurs / the _____ _____ of times the procedure is _______

Requirements for Probability Distribution

__  ≤ ___  ≤ __ for all x

∑p(x) = __

Binomial Distribution

A discrete probability distribution that meets 4 requirements or criteria 

There is a ______ number of _____

The trials are _________

All outcomes can be categorized as _______ or ______

The probability of ______ is the _____ in all the ______

_________ __________ is a type of probability derived from an individual's personal judgment or own experience about whether a specific outcome is likely to occur