anatomy
study of the structure and relationship between body parts
physiology
study of the functions of body parts
cell
basic unit of life
nucleus
brain of the cell
cytoplasm
jelly-like substance that fills a cell
cell membrane
outer covering of a cell
tissue
2 or more similar cells joining together to perform a similar function
organ
2 or more tissues joining together to perform a specific function
body system
2 or more organs working together to carry out a specific activity
tendon
cord of tissue connecting bone to muscle
ligament
band of connective tissue connecting bone to bone
cartilage
flexible connective tissue
ossification
process of cartilage turning into bone
joint
place where 2 bones meet
fascia
band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue
Central Nervous System
CNS: part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spine
Peripheral Nervous System
PNS: all nerve tissues outside of the CNS
cerebrum
biggest part of brain controlling mental activities and movement
cerebellum
part of brain controlling coordination, balance, and posture
brain stem
controls automatic body functions: breathing
peristalsis
rippling motion that mixes food and gastric juices
alimentary canal
digestive tract from mouth to anus
hormones
chemical messengers acting on organs
metabolism
chemical changes in the cell converting nutrients to energy
urethra
tube that goes from bladder out of the body
ureters
tube from kidneys to bladder
pharynx
throat
larynx
voice box
trachea
wind pipe
esophagus
connects throat to stomach
bronchi
passageway for air to travel from trachea to lungs
plasm
largest component of blood that transports nutrients and waste
platelets
blood cell fragments that helps in blood clots
atria
2 upper chambers of the heart
ventricles
2 lower chambers of the heart
arteries
carries blood away from the heart
veins
carries blood to the heart
aorta
largest blood vessel in the body