deficiency or excess of one metabolite, infestation of foreign organism, aberrant cell growth
How are enzymes responsible for diseases?
blocks; increases
Inhibition of an enzyme ______ the degradation of its substrate; therefore _________ its concentration
Chemotherapy
-use of drugs to combat foreign organisms and aberrant cells
blocks; decreasing
Inhibition of an enzyme ______ formation of the product; therefore _______ its concentration
Ideal inhibitor
-totally specific for one target enzyme; rarely occurs, if at all
Antimetabolites
-compounds that resemble essential metabolites, but inhibit metabolizing enzymes
selective toxicity
The utilization of antimetabolites results in ______
one that is essential for growth, but nonessential in humans
What is the ideal enzyme target ?
IC50
the inhibitor concentration that produces 50% enzyme inhibition, is another common measurement of inhibition
potency
What is IC50 used to measure?
Competitive inhibition
-inhibitor competes with the substrate for the same binding site