ORIF (open reduction internal fixation)
fracture is internally fixed with screws, plats or rods
Precautions for ORIF
no wb precautions but stretching is encouraged
THA/THR (total hip replacement or total hip arthroplasty
removing the entire hip joint and replacing with an artificial one
precautions of anterior THA
NO: extension or external rotation
precautions for posterior THA
NO: flexion past 90, internal rotation or adduction
Total shoulder replacement precautions
no abduction or external rotation
Reverse total shoulder replacement
no adduction or internal rotation
Stage 1 of adhesive capsulitis (pain stage)
client feels pain at the end range
Stage 2 of adhesive capsulitis (freezing stage)
client feels significant pain and 25% loss ROM
Stage 3 of adhesive capsulitis (frozen stage)
shoulder is significantly stiff but with less pain
stage 4 adhesive capsulitis (thawing stage)
muscles can be stretched with less pain
laminectomy
enlarging the spinal canal to relieve pressure
foraminotomy
enlarging foramen to decompress the spine
discectomy
surgery to remove herniated disc
kyphoplasty
used to treat compression fracture or collapsed vertebrae with balloon type device
cushing's syndrome
the adrenal glands make too much cortisol and causes weight gain around the trunk,face and neck
below weight bmi
below wt: 18.5%
normal bmi
18.5 to24.9%
Over wt bmi
25 to 29.9%
obese
30 to 39.9%
morbidly obese
40 to 49.9%
super obese
50 to 59.9%
herberden's nodes(osteoarthritis)
developed at the dip joint
bouchard's nodes (osteoarthritis)
develop at the pip
Swan neck deformity
hyperextension of the pip
boutonnieres deformity
hyperflexion of the pip
median nerve injury from laceration
median nerve pallsy or ape hand
cant abduct or oppose thumb.
median nerve compression
carpal tunnel
radial nerve laceration injury
radial nerve palsy , causes sensory loss of doral hand and loss of rom of extensors.
radial nerve compression injury
radial tunnel syndrome or saturday night palsy
causes wrist drop and inability to extend digits
ulnar laceration injury
ulnar nerve palsy or claw hand
tested w froments sign
motor loss of the 4th lumbricals, flexor pollicus bravis and adductor pollicis
.lateral epicondylitis ( tennis elbow)
-caused by repetitive wrist extension and excessive gripping
.medial epicondylitis (golfers elbow)
-caused by wrist flexion and excessive gripping
nursemaids elbow
-radial head is being popped of the annular ligament
phalens test
carpal tunnel
tinels test
nerve irritation/regeneration and rule out ulnar compression
grind test
determines carpometacarpal joint arthritis
finkelsteins test
(test for de quervains tenosynovitis
allens test
determines status of arterial blood flow to hand
elbow flexion test
rule of ulnar compression
psuh off test
tests stability of distal radioulnar joint and triangular fibrocartilage complex
most common joints in the hand to develop OA:
thumb carpometacarpal joint
complication of distal radial fracture
complex regional pain syndrome
neuropraxia
compression of the nerve (carpal tunnel sundrome, Saturday night palsy, radial tunnel syndrome ,cubital tunnel syndrome)
axonotmesis
crush injury , motor loss expected
neruotmesis
laceration of the nerve (median, radial and ulnar nerve palsy)
what is the first goal for ots to use when getting a myoelectrical prosthesis?
learning to isolate specific muscles and know how it controls specific tasks