Precision medicine
-any acre that is guided by individual patient characteristics, including genetic characteristics and other factors such as diet and lifestyle, that maximize treatment benefits while minimizing adverse effects and cost
Pharmacogenetics
-the study of the relationship between variations in a single gene and variability
Pharmacogenomics
-the study of the relationship between variations in a large collection of genes
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)
-Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services (CMS) regulates all laboratory testing through the ___________
Microarray assay
-diagnostic tool to help determine whether an individual possesses a mutation for a particular disease
accuracy
-how close a measurement is to the correct or accepted value of the quantity being measured
precision
-how close a series of measurements are to one another
Sensitivity
-the ability to detect disease among those known to have the disease
sensitivity= true positives/ true positives+false negatives
Formula for sensitivity ?
Specificity
-the ability to detect disease among those know to NOT have the disease
specificity= true negatives/ true negatives + false positives
Formula for specificity ?
positive predictive value
-probability that people with a positive (abnormal) test will develop the disease
negative predictive value
-probability that people with a negative (normal) test will not develop the disease
microsatellites
Repeats of <5 are called _______
>5
how many repeats for minisatellites?
linkage equilibrium
When the chromosome breaks during meiosis, and the alleles are far apart from each other is called __________
linkage dis-equilibrium
When the chromosome breaks during meiosis, and the alleles are close to each other; causing an increase to be found in population. This is called _________