Flashcards: Nitrogen heterocycles

Retapamulin is a topical antibiotic developed by GlaxoSmithKline.

Dolasetron (trade name Anzemet) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy.

Gabazine (SR-95531) is a drug that acts as an antagonist at GABAA receptors.

Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt from the protoberberine group of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.

Cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) is an organic compound with the formula (NHCH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH2)2.

Ethidium bromide is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis.

Vincamine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid found in the leaves of Vinca minor (lesser periwinkle), comprising about 25-65% of the indole alkaloids found in Vinca minor by weight.

Cyclen or 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane is a macrocycle and the aza analogue of the crown ether 12-crown-4.

Avibactam is a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor developed by Actavis (now Allergan) jointly with AstraZeneca.

Ketorolac or ketorolac tromethamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the family of heterocyclic acetic acid derivatives, used as an analgesic.

Solanine is a glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), such as the potato (Solanum tuberosum), the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and the eggplant (Solanum melongena).

Hexamethylenetetramine or methenamine is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula (CH2)6N4.

HMX, also called octogen, is a powerful and relatively insensitive nitroamine high explosive, chemically related to RDX.

Levofloxacin, sold under the trade names Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic.

Diaziridines are heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms in a three-membered ring.

Pixantrone (rINN; trade name Pixuvri) is an experimental antineoplastic (anti-cancer) drug, an analogue of mitoxantrone with fewer toxic effects on cardiac tissue.

RS-102221 is a drug developed by Hoffmann–La Roche, which was one of the first compounds discovered that acts as a potent and selective antagonist at the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor, with around 100x selectivity over the closely related 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors.

Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) is an organic compound that is used as a rodenticide (rat poison).

UB-165 is a drug which acts as an agonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors being a full agonist of the α3β2 isoform and a partial agonist of the α4β2* isoform.

Plerixafor (INN and USAN, trade name Mozobil) is an immunostimulant used to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in cancer patients into the bloodstream.

Diquat is a contact herbicide that produces desiccation and defoliation most often available as the dibromide, diquat dibromide.

Renzapride is a gastroprokinetic agent and antiemetic which acts as a full 5-HT4 full agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist.

Cylindrospermopsin (abbreviated to CYN, or CYL) is a cyanotoxin produced by a variety of freshwater cyanobacteria.

Acetaldehyde ammonia trimer is a chemical compound described by the formula (CH3CHNH)3.

Sudan Black B (C29H24N6) is a nonfluorescent, relatively thermostable lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some lipoproteins on paraffin sections.

Azonine is an unsaturated heterocycle of nine atoms, with a nitrogen replacing a carbon at one position.

Biotin sulfoxide is the substance that is formed when biotin is exposed to ultraviolet light in the presence of oxygen.

Epiboxidine is a chemical compound which acts as a partial agonist at neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, binding to both the α3β4 and the α4β2 subtypes.

Evodiamine is a chemical extracted from the Tetradium genus of plants, which has been shown to reduce fat uptake in mouse studies.

Kairine is a derivative of tetrahydroquinoline which was first described by Wilhelm Fischer in 1883.

Hexachlorophosphazene is an inorganic compound with the formula (NPCl2)3.

An oxaziridine is an organic molecule that features a three-membered heterocycle containing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon.

Norzoanthamine is an alkaloid found in Zoanthus species (Class Anthozoa), a kind of sea anemone.

1,2-Dihydro-1,2-azaborine is an aromatic chemical compound with properties intermediate between benzene and borazine.

1,4,2-Dithiazole is a heterocyclic compound consisting of an unsaturated five-membered ring containing two carbon atoms, one nitrogen atom, and two sulfur atoms.

1,9-Pyrazoloanthrone is a chemical compound that is a derivative of anthrone.

Vat Yellow 1 is sort of vat dye.

Pseudopelletierine is the main alkaloid derived from the root-bark of the pomegranate tree (Punica granatum), along with at least three other alkaloids: pelletierine, isopelletierine, and methylpelleteirine (C9H17ON), which yield 1.

Tröger's base is an organic compound that exhibits chirality due to the presence of two bridgehead stereogenic nitrogen atoms in its structure.

Azete is a heterocyclic chemical compound consisting of an unsaturated four-membered ring with three carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom.

3-Bromocytisine is a derivative of the toxic alkaloid cytisine that acts as a highly potent agonist at neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, binding primarily to the α4β2 and α7 subtypes.

4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazatetracyclo[5.

Zilpaterol (zilpaterol hydrochloride; codenamed RU 42173) is a β2 adrenergic agonist.

Irbesartan (INN) /ɜːrbəˈsɑːrtən/ is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.

Tedisamil (3,7-dicyclopropylmethyl-9,9-tetramethylene-3,7-diazabicyclo-3,3,1-nonane) is an experimental class III antiarrhythmic agent currently being investigated for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Hexazine (also known as hexaazabenzene) is a hypothetical allotrope of nitrogen composed of 6 nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring-like structure analogous to that of benzene.

Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a metal-containing prosthetic group common to nearly all molybdoenzymes and is ubiquitous to all kingdoms of life.

Roquefortine C is a mycotoxin that belongs to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines produced by various fungi, particularly species from the Penicillium genus.

Spirapril hydrochloride (Renormax) is an ACE inhibitor antihypertensive drug used to treat hypertension.

1,8-Diazafluoren-9-one, also known as DFO, is a chemical that is used to find fingerprints on porous surfaces.

Saxagliptin (rINN), previously identified as BMS-477118, is an oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs.

Jervine is a steroidal alkaloid with molecular formula C27H39NO3 which is derived from the Veratrum plant genus.

Indolizidine is a heterocyclic chemical compound that forms the central core of the indolizidine alkaloids such as swainsonine and castanospermine.

Anatoxin-a, also known as Very Fast Death Factor (VFDF), is a secondary, bicyclic amine alkaloid and cyanotoxin with acute neurotoxicity.

Borazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (BH)3(NH)3.

DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) is an organic compound with the formula N2(C2H4)3.

Cilansetron is a drug that is a 5HT-3 antagonist currently under trial phase in the EU and US it is manufactured by Solvay Pharmaceuticals INC.

Trospium chloride (INN) is used to treat overactive bladder.

SSR180711 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective partial agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Tripamide (INN) is a diuretic.

A-372159 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective partial agonist for the 5HT2C receptor, with more than 100x selectivity over the closely related 5-HT2B receptor and a Ki of 3nM.

Haematopodin is the more stable breakdown product of Haematopodin B.

Haematopodin B is a chemical compound that is found in the mushroom Mycena haematopus.

Phenylsilatrane is a convulsant chemical which has been used as a rodenticide.