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Flashcards: Microbio Quiz 2 Study Guide: Metabolism
Metabolism
All the biochemical reactions that occur in a cell or organism
Anabolism
Complex molecules from simpler ones with the storage of energy
Catabolism
Breakdown of complex molecule to form simpler ones ; releases energy
What is the COHN elements?
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen
In Bacteria, Sugars are used for what?
A carbon source and for energy
What is the energy carrying molecule used in bacteria and humans?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
What do Enzymes do?
They act as Biological catalyst and accelerate chemical reactions
What are the 7 growth requirements for Metabolism?
COHN, Trace Elements, Vitamins, Sugars, Nonessential Amino Acids, and Essential Amino Acids
What is the Origin of energy?
Photosynthesis
Oxidoreductases
Change state of Oxidation
transferase
Transfer functional groups
Hydrolase
Split molecule by breaking water into hydrogen and a hydroxyl group; Hydrolysis
Lyase
Split molecule without adding H2O
Isomerase
Rearranges the molecules
Ligase
Join Molecules
Protease
Catabolize Proteins
What are the 2 components that an Enzyme may consist of ?
Apoenzyme and Cofactor
Apoenzyme
Is a Protein Component
What does the Cofactor consist of?
An element or an organic molecule
If the Cofactor consist of organic molecules, what is it referred as?
Coenzyme
Apoenzyme + Cofactor =?
Holoenzyme
What happens in an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction?
The Cofactor binds to the enzyme to form the active holoenzyme
What are the 9 Metabolic Reactions?
Substrate Concentration, Enzyme Concentration, pH, Temp., Enzyme Induction, Enzyme Repression, Negative Feedback, Positive Feedback, Inhibitors.
What does pH do in Metabolism?
Changes the charges on Molecules and Changes 3' and/or 4' structure
What can happen if the Temp. is too high?
Denaturation can happen and it can either be reversible or not.
What can happen if Temp. is too low?
Low Enzyme Activity