Flashcards: Commodity chemicals

Polyethylene (abbreviated PE) or polyethene (IUPAC name polyethene or poly(methylene)) is the most common plastic.

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), also known as poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (PEVA), is the copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.

Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P, is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibers for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fiber for engineering resins.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), also known as acrylic or acrylic glass as well as by the trade names Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, and Perspex among several others (see below), is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass.

Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications including packaging and labeling, textiles (e.g., ropes, thermal underwear and carpets), stationery, plastic parts and reusable containers of various types, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer banknotes.

Polystyrene (PS) /ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn/ is a synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene.

Polyvinyl chloride, more correctly but unusually poly(vinyl chloride), commonly abbreviated PVC, is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer, after polyethylene and polypropylene.

Propene, also known as propylene or methyl ethylene, is an unsaturated organic compound having the chemical formula C3H6.

Adipic acid is the organic compound with the formula (CH2)4(COOH)2.

Vinyl acetate is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CHCH2.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.

Acrylic acid (IUPAC: prop-2-enoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH.

Acetone (systematically named 2-propanone) is the organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO.

Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.

Propylene glycol, also called propane-1,2-diol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3H8O2.

1,3-Butadiene is a simple conjugated diene with the formula C4H6.

Glycerol /ˈɡlɪsərɒl/ (also called glycerine or glycerin; see spelling differences) is a simple polyol compound.

Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers, more specifically aliphatic or semi-aromatic polyamides.

Xylene (from Greek ξύλο, xylo, "wood"), xylol or dimethylbenzene is any one of three isomers of dimethylbenzene, or a combination thereof.

Cyclohexane is a cycloalkane with the molecular formula C6H12 (abbreviated to Cy).

Melamine /ˈmɛləmiːn/ is an organic base and a trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.

Hexane /ˈhɛkseɪn/ is an alkane of six carbon atoms, with the chemical formula C6H14.

Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2OH)2.

Ethyl acetate (systematically, ethyl ethanoate, commonly abbreviated EtOAc or EA) is the organic compound with the formula CH3-COO-CH2-CH3, simplified to C4H8O2.

Ethylene oxide, properly called oxirane by IUPAC, is the organic compound with the formula C2H4O.

Terephthalic acid (a portmanteau of the turpentine-producing tree terebinthus, and phthalic acid) is the organic compound with formula C6H4(CO2H)2.

Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH2CH3.

Caprolactam (CPL) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)5C(O)NH.

Cumene is the common name for isopropylbenzene, an organic compound that is based on an aromatic hydrocarbon with an aliphatic substitution.

Ethanolamine, also called 2-aminoethanol or monoethanolamine (often abbreviated as ETA or MEA), is an organic chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2NH2.

Phthalic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2O.

Tetrachloroethylene, also known under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, or perchloroethylene ("perc" or "PERC"), and many other names, is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl2C=CCl2.

n-Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate, is an ester which is a colorless flammable liquid at room temperature.

Ethylenediamine (abbreviated as en when a ligand) is the organic compound with the formula C2H4(NH2)2.

Toluene /ˈtɒljuːiːn/, also known as toluol /ˈtɒljuːɒl/, is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the smell associated with paint thinners.

Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH3.

Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.

Styrene, also known as ethenylbenzene, vinylbenzene, and phenylethene, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH=CH2.

Naphtha (/ˈnæpθə/ or /ˈnæfθə/) is a general term that has been used for over two thousand years to refer to flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures.

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl that is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene.

Acrylonitrile is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHCN.

Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO2CH3)2.

Epichlorohydrin (abbreviated ECH) is an organochlorine compound and an epoxide.

Ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) is commonly used as an oxygenate gasoline additive in the production of gasoline from crude oil.

In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated.

Propylene oxide is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CHCH2O.

Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2.

Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CO(NH2)2.

Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol among others, is a chemical with the formula CH3OH (often abbreviated MeOH).

Methyl isobutyl ketone is manufactured from acetone via a three-step process.

Ethanol /ˈɛθənɒl/ (EtOH), also commonly called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts.

Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste which the human body metabolizes slowly.