Which mineral is stored in the bones and constantly being removed to maintain necessary blood levels?
calcium
Which of the following is a long bone that is the largest in the human body?
femur
What bone is the largest found in the foot and is commonly called the heel?
calcaneus
What is a serious bone infection that may result from a compound fracture and become chronic later?
osteomyelitis
Which of the following is the hard, dense bone that surrounds the marrow cavity?
cortical
Where is the area of active bone growth?
epiphyseal plate
What is the name of a nonpathological small sac that contains synovial fluid?
bursa
What type of bone is the patella?
sesamoid
What is the medical term for spongy bone?
cancellous
What is the outside covering of bones that provides some nourishment and protection from infection?
periosteum
Carpal and tarsal bones are classified as which type of bone?
short
In adults, red bone marrow that produces red blood cells is mainly found in which type(s) of bone?
flat and irregular
The elbow is categorized as which type of joint?
diarthrosis
The connections between the large bones of the skull are categorized as which type of joint?
synarthrosis
Which joint is an example of a condyloid joint?
temporomandibular
The proximal end of the radius and C1 on C2 vertebrae are examples of which type of diarthrosis?
pivot
Which joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?
femoroacetabular
Which hormone stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone and increase reabsorption of calcium when serum levels
are low?
parathyroid
What is the term for small, loose bodies in the knee that are constant irritants and may cause excess synovial
production, pain, and locking up?
joint mice
In which joint would a bucket handle tear be found?
knee
Hallus valgus is a condition in which there is a turning outward from the midline found in the:
great toe
What condition is commonly known as “bowlegged”?
genu varum
Which of the following means a partial separation or dislocation of a joint without any break in the skin?
subluxation
What is the MOST common cause of bone fractures?
trauma
Which type of fracture is characterized as partial and may result from activities such as jumping or jogging?
greenstick
Which of the following describes the appearance of a stellate bone fracture?
asterisk ( * )
Which medical term means moving a body part away from the midline?
abduction
The action of pointing and putting a toe in the water to check the temperature would be an example of which
movement?
plantar flexion
Which of the following factors related to bone growth and maintenance is responsible for mineral storage and
utilization?
hormonal
Which of the following pathologies is related to a specific autoimmune process that attacks the joints in the body?
rheumatoid arthritis
What is the medical term for a bony prominence projecting from a bone, as in a bunion?
exostosis
What is the term for the softening of bone in children that is commonly called rickets?
osteomalacia
Chondroma, giant cell, and osteoma are:
benign neoplasms
How many stages are involved in normal osteogenesis?
five
In which stage of normal bone healing is there bridging of the fracture site, and cartilage and immature bone provide
support?
callus formation
Which of the following is an acute, emergent condition of compression of neural and vascular structures, usually
occurring in the upper and lower extremities following traumatic fractures?
compartmental syndrome
The term C-arm refers to a(n):
fluoroscopic machine
Which type of cast is applied often to children and immobilizes unilateral or bilateral hips and femurs?
spica
Which of the following would be increased on a serum analysis and indicative of a malignant neoplasm of bone
marrow?
overproduction of immunoglobulins
Which of the following diagnostic procedures does NOT use ionizing radiation?
MRI scan
Which orthopedic instrument has the appearance of a turkey foot or eagle’s talon?
Lowman bone holder
Which device is sometimes used for achieving and maintaining the lateral position?
vacuum beanbag
Surgeons may call both Bennett and Hohmann retractors by which other name because of their shapes?
cobra
Which positioning device is frequently used for femoral nailing with leg traction and allows for placement of the C-
arm?
fracture table
What is achieved by wrapping an extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of pneumatic tourniquet?
exsanguinations
Which of the following statements regarding generally safe continuous tourniquet inflation time is CORRECT?