Latin proletarius: literal translation, people who smell. Pejorative term suggesting poverty, stupidity, dirty. A term popularized by Marx to describe the working class.
socialism
social and political ideology that advocates reorganization and cooperation of society to restore harmony post industrialization
Chartist movement
Labor movement by London Working Men's Assoc. 1838
Communism
Socioeconomic movement advocating destruction of capitalism and new classless freedom. Based on Marxism but NOT identical
The Communist Manifesto
1848 book written by Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels that presents a Marxist view of history and class struggles.
Concert of Europe
Body of diplomatic agreements aimed at maintaining balance of power on continent and present social and political destabilization throughout Europe. Designed by Metternich 1814-1848
Congress of Vienna
1814-1815 diplomatic conference led by "Great Alliance" countries, goal of dividing territories after decades of upheaval from war and revolt. Metternich was a key figure.
historical materialism
the process by which economic concerns propel historical change according to Marxism
New Harmony
socialist "ideal community" started in Indiana 1825 by industrialist Robert Owens. Failed after 3 years but the social experiment contributed to co-op movements and a national trade union
Conservatism
political approach that values tradition and stability above individual freedoms
Great Reform Bill of 1832
legislature passed by British Parliament that changed electoral system in England and Wales; pool of voters increased from 366,000 to 650,000. The working class and women were still excluded.
19th cent idealized view of domesticated women's role in the home; taboo for women to seek work or pursue other opportunities