Transcription

Catalyst
 How
are genes and chromosomes related?
 What are the three parts of a
nucleotide(DNA)?
 Write the complementary base sequence to
this DNA sequence: TTCGAGCTA
Write in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Catalyst!
Agenda
Catalyst
 Candy DNA
 Science as Inquiry
 RNA
 The Central Dogma
 Practice
 Exit Question

Catalyst Review

How are genes and
chromosomes related?
 Genes
are sections of
chromosomes that
determine certain traits.

What are the three parts
of a nucleotide?
 Sugar
 Phosphate
 Nitrogenous
base
Catalyst Review

Write the complementary base sequence to
this DNA sequence: TTCGAGCTA

AAGCTCGAT
Test Prep Review

1) The types of proteins produced in a cell are
regulated by the
1
order of nucleotides in DNA molecules
 2 shape of DNA molecules
 3 size of nucleotides in DNA molecules
 4 location of DNA molecules
Test Prep Review

16 In DNA, which of the following determines the
traits of an organism?
F
Amount of adenine
 G Number of sugars
 H Sequence of nitrogen bases
 J Strength of hydrogen bonds
Test Prep Review

19 All of the following are found in a DNA molecule
except —
A
carbon dioxide
 B deoxyribose
 C nitrogen
 D phosphate
Test Prep Review

21 In all plant and animal cells, the nucleus contains
long molecules of DNA. Which of the following best
describes the function of DNA?
F
DNA provides the shape and structure of the nucleus.
 G DNA packages materials for transport through the
nucleus.
 H DNA carries materials into and out of the nucleus.
 J DNA contains the blueprint for producing the whole
organism.
Objectives
By the end of today, SWBAT…
State the central dogma of
biology
Compare and contrast the
structures and functions of DNA
and RNA
Science as Inquiry (7 minutes)


The instructions you need for making a table are at
the store, and you’re at home. What do you do?
The instructions the cell needs for making protein
(DNA) is in the nucleus, and proteins are made in
the ribosome. What does the cell do?
RNA

Key Point #1
 mRNA
copies genetic information from
DNA, and carries it to the ribosomes.
DNA STORES the information, but cannot leave
the nucleus.
 So mRNA copies the information and CARRIES
it out of the nucleus. (mRNA = messenger RNA)
 This is called TRANSCRIPTION.

Base Pairing
RNA
loves
U
Science as Inquiry (5 minutes)


RNA is similar to DNA, but not the same. Flip over
your “Figuring Out Transcription” sheet and look on
the back side.
Find as many differences between the pictures as
you can.
Structure of RNA

Key Point #2
 There
are three important structural differences between
DNA and RNA.
 RNA is singlestranded.
 RNA’s sugar is
ribose, not
deoxyribose like
DNA.
 In RNA, Uracil (U)
pairs with (A).
Base Pairing
RNA
loves
U
Putting It All Together

The central dogma of biology =
information in DNA is copied into RNA,
which is used to make proteins that
determine all traits.
 The
central dogma of biology is one of the
two most important beliefs in biology.
 It
explains how DNA tells your cells how to
do… everything.
Central Dogma
DNA
Transcription
RNA
Protein
Translation
Guided Practice 1
One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of
TAGCCAG
What
Whatisisthe
thecomplimentary
complimentarystrand
strandof
ofDNA?
RNA?
AUCGGUC
ATCGGTC
Guided Practice 2
One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of
CCCATATTA
What is the complimentary strand of DNA?
mRNA?
GGGUAUAAU
GGGTATAAT
Guided Practice 3
What is the
central Dogma of
Biology?
 DNA’s information
is copied into
RNA. RNA’s info
can then be used
to make proteins.

DNA
transcription
RNA
translation
PROTEIN
Number of strands? Made of nucleotides? Bases used?
HasGuided
a phos-sug backbone?
PracticePlaces
4 found in cell?
Participates in transcription/translation? Kind of sugar?

Fill in this Venn Diagram using as many terms as you know.
DNA
Stores genetic
information
RNA
Carries genetic
information
Now Time for Independent Practice

Expectations
Work
QUIETLY for the remainder of
the class period.
Exit Questions
What is transcription?
 Describe TWO DIFFERENCES between
DNA and RNA.
 Describe ONE SIMILARITY between
DNA and RNA.

Write in complete sentences!
Don’t talk during the Exit Question!