Virginia
Virginia Becomes a Royal Colony
1624 James I revoked the charter of the
bankrupt VA Company.
§ Thus, VA became a royal colony, under the
king’s direct control!
§ Big change at this time: 1619- Powhatan
dead- effects?
Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion:
1676
By 1660, tobacco prices
tumbled - discontent
among landless laborers
and small farmers
Nathaniel
Bacon
Governor
William
Berkeley
Pol/Social?
Poor farmers settled onto
Indian land in Western VA
despite treaties and Indians
attacked farms
Colonists demanded war
with the Indians
Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676
Bacon’s Rebellion
Gov. William Berkley refused to retaliate for
Indian attacks on frontier settlements
Berkeley had close relationship with Indians
monopolized the fur trade with Indians
Bacon led 1,000 Virginians in a rebellion
against Governor Berkeley.
Looted wealthy plantations
Burned Jamestown to the ground
AS A RESULT……
H. of Burgesses limited governor’s power and
opened Indian land to colonists to settle
23 hanged; property seized?
Governor Berkeley’s
“Fault Line”
Results of Bacon’s Rebellion
Resentment between inland frontiersmen
and landless former servants against gentry
on coastal plantations.
§ Socio-economic class differences/clashes
between rural and urban communities would
continue throughout American history.
Upper class planters searched for laborers
less likely to rebel SLAVES!!
Maryland
The Settlement of Maryland
George Calvert (1st Lord
Baltimore’s dream)
King Charles I granted
Charter to son Cecilius in 1632.
A proprietary colony
created in 1634.
Tobacco would be the
main crop.
Easier time with Indians
St Mary’s City (1634)
Intent of the Colony
Purpose: to prevent repeat of persecution of
Catholics by Protestants.
Toleration Act of 1649
§ Supported by the Catholics in MD.
§ Guaranteed toleration to all CHRISTIANS.
§ Decreed death to those who denied the divinity of
Jesus [like Jews, atheists, etc.].
§ In one way, it was less tolerant than before the law
was passed!!
MD Toleration Act,
1649
The Toleration Act of 1649
...whatsoever person or persons shall from henceforth
upon any occasion of offence otherwise in a
reproachfull manner or way declare call or denominate
any person or persons whatsoever inhabiting, residing,
traficking, trading or comercing within this province or
within any ports, harbours, creeks or havens to the
same belonging, an Heretick, Schismatick, Idolator,
Puritan, Independent Presbyterian, Antenomian,
Barrowist, Roundhead, Separatist, Popish Priest,
Jesuit, Jesuited Papist, Lutheran, Calvenist,
Anabaptist, Brownist or any other name or term in a
reproachful manner relating to matters of Religion
shall for every such offence foreit and lose the sum of
ten shillings Sterling or the value thereof to be levied
on the goods and chattels of every such offender and
offenders...
and if they could not pay, they were to be "publickly
whipt and imprisoned without bail" until "he, she, or
they shall satisfy the party so offended or grieved by
such reproachful language...."
Today’s Activity
• Working in groups of four, you will receive a set
of documents comparing and contrasting New
England and the Chesapeake Region
– I want you to…
• Brainstorm: what does each document tell
me about the question?
• A thesis statement that argues an answer
to the question.
• A list of 2 similarities and 2 differences
from your notes with specific proof from
the documents to back each point.
The
Carolinas
Restoration Colonies
* Rewarded supporters
with huge land tracts
-Carolinas
-NY
-NJ
-GA
-DE
Carolina (North)
Named after the King
- 8 supporters
- Proprietary colony
-Very Democratic
-Religious toleration
-Frontiersmen, working
class
By 1720, N & S Carolina were a Royal Colony!
Port of Charles Town, SC
1712, split into 2 colonies
Also named for King Charles II
of England.
Became the busiest port in the
South.
City with aristocratic feel
Religious toleration attracted
inhabitants.
Crops : Rice
The primary export.
Rice was still an exotic
food in England.
By 1710, black male slaves majority
in South Carolina
By 1720, 2/3 of population
American Long
Grain Rice
Crops : Indigo
In colonial times, the
main use for indigo
was as a dye for spun
cotton threads that were
woven into cloth for
clothes.
Today in the US, the
main use for indigo is a
dye for cotton work
clothes & blue jeans.
Rice & Indigo Exports
from SC & GA: 1698-1775
Georgia
18c Southern Colonies
Late-Coming Georgia
Founded in 1733, By
James Oglethorpe.
Last of the 13
colonies.
Named in honor of
King George II.
Proprietary charter
granted for 21 yrs to
group of Trustees
Georgia--The “Buffer” Colony
Chief Purpose of Creating Georgia:
§ Social Experiment – Fresh start for the “poor,” haven for
debtors thrown into prison
§ As a “buffer” between the valuable Carolinas &
Spanish Florida & French Louisiana.
No Alcohol.
No slavery.
* Slavery found in GA
by 1750.
Failed Attempt
• Georgia different from the other 12 in that
it actually received $$$$ from Parliament
to get it started as a proprietary colony
• Couldn’t establish self government and
gave up before their 21 year charter expired
• Became a royal colony in 1752
For Homework
• Complete the chart for section E
in your notes
– Consider class information
– Consider yesterday’s DBQ Activity
Differences - Population
• Farmers, Artisans, Religious, Very few
slaves and indentured servants (NE)
• Printers, Artisans, Farmers, Religiously
tolerant, indentured servants and
slaves (MC)
• Gentry, Indentured servants, slaves,
Debtors/Criminals, Religiously tolerant
(SC)
Differences – Death Rates
• Low (NE) vs. High (SC)
• Widowarchy – women had more
autonomy and independence
Differences – Family Patterns
• NE colonies – more sense of
community, more stable family
relationships, low divorce rate,
large immediate families
• Southern colonies – less sense of
community, started off slow bc
more men than women, multiple
marriages, large extended families
(step-parents/children/siblings, etc.)
Society
• NE – smaller communities clustered
together, Boston (hub)
• Middle – mixture of towns and cities (N
Philadelphia),
• Southern – more rural society, plantati
spread out from each other
Education
• NE colonies – very important, see
NE notes
• Middle colonies – more important,
Southern colonies – no formal
education system, children of
wealthy privately tutored, children
needed on farms more than in
schools