14
2
Instructions:
13
7
10
12
8
9
5
1
6
3
11
4
On paper,
write the
correct colony
with the
number it
matches……
Emergence of Maryland
1632 - King Charles I granted 10 million acres,
north of Chesapeake Bay to George Calvert,
first Lord Baltimore
• Called Terra Maria, or Maryland, after Catholic
Queen Henrietta Maria
• Lord Baltimore died the same year. Son Cecilius
Calvert became Second Lord Baltimore
• Religious tolerance; Protestants soon
outnumbered Catholics
• By 1700, Maryland’s population was 33,000, half
that of Virginia
Life in the Chesapeake
• Dominated by men. Few married couples &
husband or wife likely to die within 7 years
• Complex families of step-siblings
• Large # of indentured servants
• Churches and schools took root very slowly
• Crude houses, little possessions
Bacon’s Rebellion
• In 1673, Englishman Nathaniel
Bacon set sail for Virginia colony
• Cousin Governor Sir William
Berkeley’s wife, he was given a
seat on the colony’s governing
council
• Bacon’s Rebellion broke out in
1676 as the result of social,
economic, and political tensions
• First major uprising in the colonies.
Bacon’s Rebellion
(1676 - 1677)
Nathaniel Bacon
represents
former
indentured
servants
Governor
William Berkeley
of Jamestown
Resentment in Virginia
• “Backcountry” residents disadvantaged
from older, more established settlers.
• Wealthy farmers dominated the prime land
around the Chesapeake River – fertile
land, easier to ship and to sell produce.
Gained political influence in the colony.
• People living closer to town were more
secure against attacks by hostile Natives
Susquehannock Attack
• Susquehannock, angered over stolen land, killed
36 Virginians during winter of 1675-1676
• Gov. Berkeley refused military forces to protect
farmers from the Indians. Demanded peace.
• Bacon gathered runaway indentures servants,
slaves, & frontiersmen to rebel against Berkeley.
Attacked natives during summer of 1676 then
captured and razed Jamestown, forcing Berkeley
to flee across the Chesapeake
Berkley’s Revenge
• As Bacon’s followers headed home to tend
crops in fall 1676, Berkeley
dispatched1,100 royal troops from
England
• By the time they arrived, Bacon had died
of swamp fever
• Berkeley hanged 23 rebels without trial
•Bacon represents
rebels
•Berkeley refused to
meet conditions and
erupts into a civil war.
•Bacon dies, Gov.
Berkeley puts down
rebellion
Consequence of Bacon’s Rebellion
Plantation owners gradually replaced
indentured servants with African slaves
because it was seen as a better investment in
the long term than indentured servitude.
Plymouth, 1620
• Humble English, Protestant immigrants, went first
to Amsterdam, then Massachusetts
• Dubbed “Pilgrims” in the 19th Century. Led by
William Bradford
• Half died the first year, including 13 of the 18
married women
• Overwhelmed by arrival of 60 non-Pilgrims by the
London Company in 1622. By 1691, they were
absorbed by the larger Puritan communities of
Cape Cod
The Mayflower
• Pilgrims took the Mayflower in 1620 to Plymouth. It
took 9 stormy weeks to reach Cape Cod
• Mayflower Compact – document to maintain order.
Gave male church members control of the colony
The Mayflower’s Journey?
“After they had enjoyed fair winds and weather
for a season, they were encountered many times
with cross winds, and met with many fierce
storms…one of the main beams in the mid ships
was bowed and cracked, which put them in some
fear that the ship could not be able to perform the
voyage…”
Of Plymouth Plantation
William Bradford
What would life be like here?
Purpose
Unite against
enemies
Involved
MA & CT (not RI)
Not Rhode Island
Indian Wars
Pequot War, 1644
King Philip’s War,
1675
Confederation
dissolves once wars
end.
Population of the New England Colonies
In 1663, King Charles II awarded supporters the land
between Virginia and Spanish Florida- became
North and South Carolina
Georgia Colony
1732 – English philanthropist, James
Oglethorpe and friends received a
charter for a colony.
• wanted it to be a haven for those
imprisoned for debt.
• called it Georgia, after King
George II
• Hoped to prohibit slavery and
drinking
• became a Royal colony in 1752