UNIT 2 – THE AGE OF REVOLUTIONS – STUDY GUIDE
What are our natural rights? Can they be protected for all?
When is it justifiable to overthrow the government?
Enlightenment Philosophers – types of revolution (Week 1 lecture notes)
Why did Hobbes support the monarchy and how was this different from monarchists of the past?
(Show Hobbes arguing with an old-fashioned monarchist. What would the other guy say? What would
Hobbes say back?)
John Locke
What makes a “natural right” different from any other right?
What is the “social contract” and how can it lead to revolution?
(Write how JL would answer both the questions in one sentence)
What distinguishes a social revolution? - …an imperial revolution?
(Why was the French Revolution a social revolution?
How was the Haitian Revolution like an imperial revolution? How was it like a social revolution?
What would you call the American Revolution?)
Some revolutions have aspects of both. Try to place the puppet show revolutions in the following
Venn Diagram with social revolutions on one side, imperial revolutions on the other, and those with
aspects of both in the middle.
Was the American Revolution really a revolution?
American Revolution (Week 2 lecture notes, American Revolution pre-test, handout named for the GQ)
How were the 13 colonies different from Europe and how did this form their society?
What kind of government resulted from this society (and from the neglect of the mother country)?
What was the main cause of the revolution?
How did European Enlightenment ideas inspire the revolution?
What changed politically and socially as a result of the revolution?
Two differences from Europe:
Two things different
about American society:
Change that clashes:
Type of government formed:
Who voted?:
WAR!
What changes…
politically?
socially?
How did the French Revolution compare with the American Revolution?
French Revolution Phase I – Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
(Week 2 lecture notes, Declaration Scavenger Hunt & actual declaration)
How did the American Revolution affect the French Revolution?
(Fill in the blanks with either ‘American’ or ‘French’:
> When it comes to republican government and democracy, the _______________ were the first ones to
think about it; the ______________ were the first ones to do it.
How was the American Revolution one of the causes of the French Revolution? {hint word: taxes})
How was the Declaration of the Rights of Man different from the Declaration of Independence?
D of Ind
When is revolution justified?
DOROMAC
How is liberty defined?
What does most of the D of Ind contain?
How will laws be made? What will their limits be?
How was the philosophy of Rousseau reflected in the DOROMAC?
What was significant about Olympe de Gouges?
Make up something Rousseau would have said: “
Make up something O de G would have said: “
Would these two have agreed or argued? Explain.
“
“
Describe French society at the onset of the revolution.
(Three boxes would be appropriate. Don’t just label them; add what you know about each:
What did the first phase of the revolution accomplish?
NOTE: There was a French Revolution before the Terror. It’s what the French celebrate on
Bastille Day….What did the box on the right become?
What did they create?
How did this change Louis XVI’s job?
What is the name for this type of government?
When –if ever—are extreme measures justified in bringing about a revolution?
The Reign of Terror (Week 2 lecture notes, Reign of Terror Mini-Q)
How have revolutions typically reacted to threats against their success?
What are 2 reasons that Robespierre would say the Terror was required?
1)
2)
What are 2 ways the National Convention expanded freedom and democracy in French lands?
1)
2)
Why might one condemn the Terror as unjustified and oppressive?
1)
2)
What were the pivotal points of change in the French Revolution?
What were the effects of the French Revolution?
Napoleon through the 3rd Republic – Summarizing the French Revolutionary period, 1789-1870
(Week 3 lecture notes, sample PERSIA chart found in Notebook section of website, Crash Course video
linked to from website)
How did Napoleon help heal the nation after the insanity of the Terror?
Napoleon’s executive action:
Old social group affected:
How it helped them:
How they must change:
How did French nationalism in the Napoleonic Wars affect the rest of Europe?
Vive le France! We’re a republic
and we’re kicking your butt
GERMANS and ITALIANS think:
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
CROATS and HUNGARIANS think:
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
What were the various changes in government that France went through in the overall revolutionary
period from 1789 to 1870, and what were the forces causing these changes?
Why was the French Revolution a classic example of a social revolution?
How did religion in France change over the course of the revolution?
How did this compare to the American Revolution and to the Haitian Revolution?
(See the PERSIA chart example in the Notebook section of the website) 
How did Haitian society change as a result of their revolution?
What were the choices that led to the outcome and legacy of the Haitian Revolution?
Haitian Revolution (Week 4 lecture notes including link to Social Class Structure overview)
What part did the afranchi, the slaves/maroons, and the petit blanc play in the Haitian revolution?
What did each expect from the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
How did each contribute to the revolution?
What did each want to happen as a result of the revolution?
Who got their way, and what was the effect on Haiti’s society and their future?
Social group:
Expected from
DOROMAC
Afranchi
Slaves/Maroons
Contribution
to revolution
What they wanted in
the end
circle the one that
gets their way; draw
an arrow to the below
Describe the effect on Haiti’s society:
Describe the effect on Haiti’s long-term future:
What was the significance of Toussaint l’Overture?
his social group:
his particular talent:
what this allowed him to do for Haiti:
what happened that prevented him from seeing through his vision for Haiti:
What was Napoleon’s involvement in the Haitian Revolution?
How did the Haitian Revolution fit the category of an imperial revolution?
How was it like a social revolution?
Petit Blanc
What was so revolutionary about the Industrial Revolution?
Effects and legacy of the Industrial Revolution (Week 5 and Week 7 lecture notes, Two Post-Industrial
Perspectives)
How did the Industrial Revolution change the way we think?
How did our relationship with Nature change?
How did our belief in predetermination change?
How did our new beliefs affect attitudes toward the poor and toward less-developed societies?
How were laborers changed?
What were the very significant political/economic effects of the I.R.?
How was capitalism defined, per Adam Smith?
How was communism defined, per Karl Marx?
Everybody
else
Aristocracy
(Add a new group to the center of the diagram. Also given them a political label [liberal, conservative].
What kind of government do they believe in? …with what kind of representation by the people?
Give the aristocracy a political label. What kind of government and representation do they believe in?
Label one of the three groups “Capitalist”.
CAPITALISM
Give an example of private ownership:
COMMUNISM
Give an example of public ownership:
What were the very significant social effects of the I.R.?
Larger
companies
nies
nies
nies
(Fill a type of
(Fill a type of job or jobs in the first circle and a class of people
in the second circle; then list as many effects as you can
think of on the right, brought on by this class of people)
What were the very significant geographic effects of the Industrial Revolution?
workers
ttttttttttttravelers
products
(Name and describe four geographic effects depicted in the above schematic of a growing factory town in
the early period of industrialization.
123-
4-
What changes culturally as a result of the movement of travelers and products?
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England?
Causes of the Industrial Revolution (Week 6 lecture notes)
Why is this such a good question?? (i.e., Why was England such a “long shot” for changing the world?)
(At the start of the 18th century, what evidence was there that China was still considerably better
positioned than England in the world?
What two effects did the return of rich planters to England have on the English labor force?
> hint words:
enclosure…
agricultural revolution…
What were the things that made England a good place for business investment?
What were the technologies perfected in England that enabled the I.R.?
What three roles did the Dissenters play in bringing all of this about?
1.
2.
3.
Why did Enlightenment-inspired Westerners take away the natural rights of people around the
world in the Age of New Imperialism?
Age of New Imperialism (Week 8 lecture notes, Imperialism: Searching for Answers)
How was capitalism’s fatal flaw of over-production mitigated (made tolerable) by Imperialism?
1.
2.
What are some examples of how the Imperialists treated their colonies?
What were some of the reasons for the hypocrisy of the Imperialists?