Form: have + past participle (3º columna de verbos irregulares o terminación –ed en los verbos regulares) has (he/she/it/); contracciones: I’ve / you’ve / he’s / she’s / it’s / we’ve / they’ve
Affirmative
I have gone to London ( He ido a Londres )
Interrogative
Have you ever been to China? Yes, I have
Has she ever seen Troy? No, she hasn’t He has gone to Brazil ( Ha ido a Brasil )
Negative:
I haven’t gone to London
He hasn’t gone to Brazil
Recuerda: gone to… (se usa cuando has ido algún sitio) He’s gone to Brazil ( Ha ido a Brasil ) ( he’s in Brazil now) been to… (cuando has ido y has vuelto de ese sitio) I’ve been to Brazil ( He estado en Brasil )
Activity:
Try this verbs in affirmative, negative or interrogative:
(I) eat Chinese food (he) visit Morrocco
(you) eat snake (she) work hard
(we) study French
(they) smoke

• Uses: El presente perfecto tiene dos usos principlamente
1.
An action that has just finished (acción que acaba de terminar hace poco tiempo o en un tiempo indeterminado. Con este uso, el verbo se traduce exactamente igual que en español) e.g
. I have lived in London (He vivido en Londres )
Como se puede ver, no se indica cuándo he vivido allí, no se habla de fechas .
Expresiones de tiempo usadas con este tiempo en este uso podrían ser: this morning/today… e.g. I have had a very big breakfast this morning (He tomado un gran desayuno esta mañana)
2.
An action started in the past and continues in present (una acción que empieza en el pasado pero que continua en el presente) e.g. I’m from England but I have lived in Chipiona for eight years.
(Si traducimos “ Soy de Inglaterra pero he vivido en Chipiona durante 8 años ” no sería lo correcto puesto que en español eso quiere decir que ya no vivimos allí. Sin embargo cuando un inglés usa este tiempo es para decir que todavía sigue viviendo allí, por lo tanto la traducción correcta sería
“ Soy de Inglaterra pero vivo en Chipiona desde hace 8 años ”) (Aquí no se podría usar un presente simple puesto que dice desde cuándo esa acción se viene haciendo (recuerda que el presente simple sólo se usa para una acción habitual y no expresa nada más)

and
• For : normalmente se traduce como “durante” (período de tiempo “for eight years”)
• Since : normalmente se traduce como “desde” (punto de partida o punto exacto en el pasado
“since I was a child” “since last Christmas”)
or
• Ever : se traduce como “siempre” o “alguna vez”
• Never : se traduce como “nunca”
and
• Already : se traduce como “ya”. Se usa sólo en afirmativasy se coloca en medio de las dos formas verbales. “He has already come” ( ya ha venido )
• Yet : se traduce como “ya” o “aún o todavía”. Se usa para negativas o interrogativas y se coloca al final de la oración. “Has he come yet?” (¿ Ya ha venido?) “He hasn’t come yet” ( No ha venido aún/todavía)
• Junto con el presente perfecto, la frase se traduciría como “acabar de…” y se coloca en medio de las dos formas verbales: “He has just come” ( Él acaba de venir )
Para preguntar “¿ Cuánto tiempo…?

ACTIVIDADES DEL PRIMER USO
•
Vamos por parte:
Empezaremos por el uso 1
1.
Look at the picture. What has happened?
(¿Qué ha pasado?)
(He/clean/his shoes)
He has cleaned his shoes
(She/close/the door)
(They/go to bed)
(It /stop/rain)
(The picture/fall down)

• Complete the sentences with the verb from the list. Use the present perfect ( have/has + past participle of the verb). (recuerda que antes de empezar a hacer el ejercicio debes asegurarte de que conoces todo el vocabulario)
Break buy finish do go go lose paint read take
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I ________________________ some new shoes. Do you want to see them?
“Is Tom here?” “No, he __________________ to work”
“_____________ you ____________ the shopping?” “No , I’m going to do it later”
“Where’s your key?” “I don’t know. I _______________it”
Look! Somebody ________________________ that window.
Your house looks different. _____________ you ______________ it?
I can’t find my umbrella. Somebody _____________________ it.
I’m looking for Sarah. Where _______________ she____________?
“Do you want the newspaper?” “No, thanks. I ___________________ it.”
A las oraciones anteriores: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 y 10, insértales las partículas vistas anteriormente como: already, yet o just y tradúcelas.

and
Ann
Have you ever been to Rome?
(¿Has ido alguna vez a Roma?)
Yes, I have. Many times
Have you ever been to Japan?
No, I’ve never been to
Japan
Ann is asking questions to Lewis beginning have you ever…?
Write the questions
1.
(Paris)
Have you ever been to Paris ?
2.
(ride a motorbike) Have you ever riden a motorbike ?
3.
(drive a car)
4.
(play golf)
5.
(eat Japanese food)
6.
(sail)
7.
(break your arm)
8.
(visit a museum)
Write answers about yourself.
I’ve never been to Paris, …
1.
No, I’ve never been to Paris
2.
Yes, many times
3.
No, never
4.
Yes, once
5.
No, never
6.
No, never
7.
Yes, a few times
8.
Yes, twice
Lewis

• Uso 2 del Presente Perfecto
• Estudia esto:
Friday
Margaret and Sue are on holiday in London. Sue arrived in London on Monday. Today is Friday. They are in the British Museum.
How long have you been in
London, dear?
I’ve been in London since Monday
Si traducimos “¿Cuánto tiempo has estado en
Londres?” parece que la persona ya ha vuelto, sin embargo no es eso lo que queremos decir con este tiempo verbal. La traducción correcta sería
“¿Desde cuándo estás en Londres?”o “Cuánto tiempo llevas en Londres?” para que digamos lo que verdaderamente se quiere expresar con esta pregunta.
La respuesta sería por lo tanto: “ Estoy en Londres desde el lunes” o “Llevo en Londres desde el lunes”

Present Simple Present Perfect
Harry is in Canada He has been in Canada since April
Are you married?
( not “He is in Canada since April”) x
How long have you been married?
x
(not “How long are you married?”)
Do you Know Sarah?
How long have you known her ? I ’ve known her for a long time
(not “How long do you know her?” x
Linda lives in London How long has she lived in London? She has lived there all her life
We have a car How long have you had your car? We ’ve had it for a year

1.
A man says: “I’ve been in France for six years”.
Is he in France when he says this?
2.
A woman says, “ I was in Japan for three years” .
Is she in Japan when she says this?
3.
Some body says, “ I’ve worked with Eric for 30 years, and I worked with
Sally for 25 years ”. Which one does he still work with?
4.
Somebody says, “ I did seven years’ French at school” .
Is he or she still at school?
5.
You are in America. Somebody asks, “ How long are you here for?” Does the person want to know when your visit started, or when it will end?
6.
What does “ How long have you been here for?” mean?

ACTIVIDADES DEL SEGUNDO USO
6.
7.
8.
4.
5.
2.
3.
1.
They are married. They ________________________ since 1983
Brian is ill. He _________________________ ill for a week.
We live in this house. We ___________________________ here for ten years
I know Tom very well. I _____________________ him for a long time
Alice works in a bank. She ________________________ there for three years.
She has a headache. She ________________________ a headache since she got up.

1. Jill is in London.
2. I know George.
How long has Jill been in London?
How long have you known George?
3. Mike and Judy are in Brazil. How long...
4. My brother lives in Germany
5. It is raining
6. Bill is a teacher
7. I have a motorbike
8. Linda and Frank are married
9. Alan works in London

four days an hour a week a month five years ten minutes two hours three weeks six months a long time
We use for + a period of time
We use since + the start of the period
Monday
9 o’clock
24 July
December
1985
Wednesday
12.30
10 October
Christmas
I got up

3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
6.
7.
8.
She’s been in London __________________ Monday
She’s been in London __________________ four days
Mike has been ill ___________ a long time. He’s been in hospital __________ October
My aunt has been in Australia _________________ 15 years
Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ________________many years
Mrs Harris is in her office. She’s been there ________________ 7 o’clock
India has been an independent country ________________1947
The bus is late. We’ve been waiting ___________________20 minutes.

1.
She is in London now. She arrived there four days ago.
She has been there for four days.
2.
Jack is here. He arrived here on Thursday
3.
I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago.
4.
I have a camera. I bought it in 2001
5.
They are married. They got married six months ago.

Compara:
Present perfect
I have lost my key
( = I can’t find them now”)
Bill has gone home
(=He isn’t here now)
Have you seen Ann?
(=Where is she now?)
Time until now past now
Have you ever been to Spain?
(=in your life until now)
My friend is a writer. He has written many books
We ’ve lived in Singapore for six years
(=We live there now) but but but
Past Simple
I lost my key yesterday
Finished time but past now
Did you go to Spain last year ?
but but
Bill went home ten minutes ago
When did you see Ann?
Shakespeare wrote many plays and poems
We lived in Glasgow for six years but now we live in Singapore

• Use the words in brackets ( ) to answer the questions

• In these sentences the verbs are underlined. Are they right or wrong? Correct the verbs that are wrong.
1. Tom arrived last week
2. Have you seen Pam last week?
RIGHT
WRONG Did you see…?
3. I have finished my work
4. I have finished my work at 2 o’clock
5. When have you finished your work?
6. George has left school three years ago.
7.
“Where’s Ann?” “She’s gone to the cinema
8. Napoleon Bonaparte has died in 1821
9. Have you ever been to Britain?
10. I haven’t seen you at the party on Saturday
11. The weather has been very bad last week