20th CENTURY ART
EUROPEAN
CUBISM
Influenced by Cezanne's work on structure and form
Employed fragmented forms and multiple viewpoints
Flat, jagged shapes-like a piece of broken glass
Rearranged compositions to explore shape
Analytic Cubism-explore shape
Synthetic Cubism-Collage Cubism
Had a major influence on 20th Century art
PABLO PICASSO, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, June-July
1907. Oil on canvas,
Flat planes-no sense of depth or chiaroscuro for bodies
Multiple viewpoints-figures seen from different angles
Note influence of African masks and Iberian statues
Begins Picasso's movement toward Analytic Cubism
PABLO PICASSO, Still Life with Chair-Caning,
1912. Oil and oilcloth on canvas
Synthetic Cubism
Incorporates oil cloth, chair caning, and rope
PABLO PICASSO, Guernica, 1937. Oil on canvas
Painted to protest an atrocity during the Spanish Civil
War
Used fragmented forms and basic color scheme of
black, white and grey to convey horror of the atrocity
Used a pyramid composition for dramatic effect
GEORGES BRAQUE, The Portuguese, 1911. Oil
on canvas
Collaborated with Picasso in the development of
Analytic and Synthetic Cubism
Cubist Sculpture
PABLO PICASSO, Maquette for Guitar, 1912.
Cardboard, string, and wire (restored),
JACQUES LIPCHITZ, Bather, 1917. Bronze
ALEKSANDR ARCHIPENKO, Woman Combing Her
Hair, 1915. Bronze
FAUVISM
First appeared at the Salon d' Automne in 1905
Non-representational color to express feelings
Influenced by Gauguin and Van Gogh
HENRI MATISSE, Woman with the Hat,
1905. Oil on canvas
GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM
Expressive use of color and shape
Two key movements-Die Brucke and Der Blaue
Reiter
Die Brucke-bridge the distance between
Germany's traditional art forms and the new
20th century art
Der Blaue Reiter-painters convey feelings about
life and spirituality
ERNST LUDWIG KIRCHNER, Street, Dresden, 1908
(dated 1907). Oil on canvas
Disillusioned--expresses feelings of alienation
Garish use of colors
FRANZ MARC, Fate of the Animals, 1913. Oil on
canvas
Paintings of animals
Colors express deeper emotional states
VASSILY KANDINSKY, Improvisation 28 (second
version), 1912. Oil on canvas,
First European artist to paint nonrepresentational
works
Colors and lines represent musical concepts
Called his paintings improvisations and
MAX BECKMANN Departure 1932-33 Oil on
canvas triptych,
• Best known for a series of symbolic triptychs
FUTURISM
Italian art movement
Rejects classical and Renaissance art
Primary interest-modern technology, speed,
motion
Exhibits elements of the following art styles:
• Cubism-fragmented forms

Fauvism-arbitrary use of colors

Sequential motion photography
UMBERTO BOCCIONI, Unique Forms of
Continuity in Space, 1913 (cast 1931).
Bronze,
GIACOMO BALLA, Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash,
1912. Oil on canvas
SEVERINI, Armored Train, 1915. Oil on canvas