Chapter 5
Integumentary System
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
adip/o
lip/o
steat/o
dermo/o
dermat/o
cutane/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
adip/o
lip/o
steat/o
fat
adiposis
lipoma
steatoma
dermo/o
dermat/o
cutane/o
skin
hypodermic
dermatology
subcutaneous
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
eyrthr/o
hidr/o
hist/o
histio/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
erythr/o
red
erythrodermatitis
hidr/o
sweat
anhidrosis
hist/o
histio/o
tissue
histology
histiogenic
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
ichthy/o
kerat/o
scler/o
leuk/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
ichthy/o
fish
ichthyoid
kerat/o
scler/o
hard
keratosis
scleroderma
leuk/o
white
leukonychia
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
melan/o
myc/o
onych/o
plas/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
melan/o
black
melanocyte
myc/o
fungus
mycosis
onych/o
nail
onychodystrophy
plas/o
formation
dysplastic
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
purpur/o
seb/o
squam/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
purpur/o
purple
purpuric
seb/o
sebum (oil)
seborrhea
squam/o
scale
squamous
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
trich/o
xer/o
xanth/o
Combining Forms for
the Integumentary System
trich/o
hair
trichorrhexis
xer/o
dry
xerosis
xanth/o
yellow
xanthoma
Integumentary System Overview
 Composed of skin (integument), and its
appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands and
sebaceous glands)
 Protects body for injury or intrusion of
microorganisms
 Helps regulate body temperature
 Houses receptors for sense of touch
Skin
 Largest organ in the body
 Divided into an outer layer and an inner layer:
 epidermis — outer layer
 dermis (corium) — inner layer
The Skin
(continued)
Epidermis
 Consists of several layers of stratified squamous
(scale like) epithelium:
 basal layer — innermost layer
 basal cells are constantly being pushed up, moving older
cells to the surface
 melanocytes — produce pigment (melanin) which gives
color to the skin
 squamous layer — outermost layer
Dermis (Corium)
 Connective tissue layer
 Contains:





blood and lymphatic vessels
nerve and nerve endings
glands
hair follicles
network of elastic and collagen fibers (gives skin elasticity
and toughness)
Subcutaneous Layer
 Layer below the dermis
 Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose
(fatty) tissue
Lesions
 Areas of pathologically altered tissue
 Two types:
 primary
 secondary
Primary Lesions: pg 111-112
 Lesions arising from previously normal skin
 Flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color: macule, patch
 Elevated, palpable, solid mass: papule, wheal
 Elevation formed by fluid within a cavity: vesicle, bulla,
pustule
Secondary Lesions: pg112-114
 Lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
 Types:
 Loss of skin surface: erosion, ulcer, excoriation, fissure
 Material on skin surface: scale, crust
 Other secondary lesions: keloid, nevus, verruca
Secondary Lesions cont’d…
Vascular Lesions
 Lesions of a blood vessel (also a secondary lesion)
 cherry angioma — round, bright red blood vessel tumor
often seen on trunk
 telangiectasia (spider angioma) — radiate from central
arteriole most often found on face, neck or chest
Secondary Lesions cont’d…
Purpuric Lesions
 Lesions as a result of hemorrhages in the skin
 petechia — minute hemorrhagic spot — indicates
a bleeding tendency
 ecchymosis — bruise
Secondary Lesions cont’d…
Epidermal Tumors
 Skin tumors arising from the epidermis
 dysplastic nevus — mole with precancerous changes
 verruca — wart; caused by a virus