Essential Questions
1.
2.
What factors influence where people settle?
Is the world’s population growing too fast?
 People
lived
nomadic
lifestyles.
 Agriculture
caused people to
settle in areas
near water.
• Nile Valley,
Mesopotamia, Indus
Valley, Huang He
Valley
 People
tend to settle in temperate,
fertile, non-mountainous areas, such as
valleys and plains.
 People settle near sources of fresh
water.
 People settle not too far from oceans.
 Fewer people settle in dry, wet, cold or
mountainous areas.
 Political
and Economic Centers:
People move to areas of political or
economic importance, such as capital
cities.
 Transportation
Routes: People often
settle along transportation routes,
such as coastlines, rivers, canals,
railroad lines, or roads.
 Technology:
Improvements in
technology can expand
areas of settlement.
 Urbanization: Since
the start of the
Industrial Revolution,
urbanization (people
moving from the
countryside to cities)
has increased greatly.
China 1.3 Billion
2. India 1 Billion
3. United States 296 Million
4. Indonesia 242 Million
5. Brazil 186 Million
 1.
China 1.346 Billion
2. India 1.241 Billion
3. United States 312 Million
4. Indonesia 238 Million
5. Brazil 197 Million
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The 10 countries with the longest life expectancy
Hong Kong 85
Japan 79
Canada 78
Iceland 78
Greece 78
Italy 78
France 77
Channel Islands 77
Australia 77
Austria 77
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1. In which country do people live the longest?
2. Why is the U.S. not on this list?
Guess: How long are you expected to live?
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The 10 countries with the shortest life expectancy
Guinea-Bissau 39
Sierra Leone 43
Afghanistan 43
Guinea 44
Malawi 44
The Gambia 45
Angola 46
Uganda 46
Rwanda 46
Niger 46
In which country do people have the shortest lives?
2. How long is a baby born in Guinea-Bissau
expected to live?
3. How much shorter a life does a person live
in Guinea-Bissau than in Hong Kong?
Hong Kong 85 Guinea 39 46 years
A
map showing how
many people live per
square mile in a
given area.
• It shows the distribution
of population in that
area.
 Uses
dots to indicate the location of major
towns and cities.
• Dots are also used to show the concentration of
where people live.
 These
compare the numbers of males and
females in a particular country.
• Stacked bars indicate the number of people for
each age group.
• They are used by demographers to show the age
distribution in a society.
 The
world’s population has steadily
increased over time.
• Pre-Industrial: The world’s population grew slowly.
• After Industrial Revolution: The world’s population
grew rapidly. Europe and N. America grew fastest due
to new farming methods and industrialization.
 European
Colonization: As
Europeans colonized
new areas, they
spread new farming
methods and modern
medicine.
 Current Trends:
• Population growth has
greatly accelerated.
• China, India, and Africa
are struggling to reduce
birth rates to bring
population under
control.
1. Identify 2 ways you would expect Japan
and Iran to have different needs because
of the different ages of their populations.
Japan will have to cope with an aging population so health
services for the elderly will be in demand. Iran’s
population is very young. Iran’s life expectancy is very
short.
2.
Physical features often influence where
people live. Which type of environment
typically has the highest population
density?
A.
B.
C.
D.
hills, mountains and plateaus
Flat, fertile plains and river valleys
Wet bogs and swamps
Dry and barren desert regions
Answer: B
3. Which of the following is the most likely effect of
building a railroad to reach an area rich in
natural resources?
A. Railroad owners take control of the area.
B. The number of people that settle in the area increases.
C. There is a sharp increase in movement away from the
area.
D. Government leaders close the area to future settlement.
Answer: B