World History
Chapter 10A
The Rise of Islam
Deserts, Towns and Travelers
• Bedouins lived in the desert as nomads. They
were originally organized into tribes and clans
• The Bedouin ideals of courage, loyalty to
family, and warrior ability helped to create the
Islamic culture
• Over time some Bedouins settled at the scarce
water holes called oases. They also settled in
trade towns and became city dwellers
Continued
• This led to trade with the rest of the world
1. Mecca becomes a great city of trade
2. A holy shrine develops in Mecca called
Ka’aba
3. This shrine eventually contains 360 idols
4. The belief in one God, or Allah in the
Arabic language, also develops
Ka’aba
The Prophet Muhammad
• Muhammad was born into a fairly wealthy
family in Mecca in 570 A.D.
• He was orphaned at the age of six and he is
raised by a grandfather and uncle. He works in
the caravan trade and he becomes an excellent
business
• At the age of 25 he marries a wealthy business
woman named Khadijah. They have a very
happy marriage
Continued
• Throughout his life Muhammad has always
prayed and meditated a great deal and in one
of his meditation periods he is visited by the
archangel Gabriel. Gabriel tells Muhammad
that his mission in life is to proclaim the word
of God (Allah)
• Muhammad starts to preach in Mecca, he is
forced to leave and go to the city of Yathrib
later called Medina
Muhammad
Beliefs and Practices of Islam
• Muhammad received the word of Allah while
he meditated and these were written down by
his followers to form the Islamic bible which is
called The Qur’an
• The Qur’an states that there are five beliefs
and responsibilities in the Islamic religion and
these are called the 5 Pillars of Faith
5 Pillars of Faith
1. Faith-There is no God but Allah and
Muhammad is the messenger of Allah
2. Prayer- Muslims are required to pray 5 times a
day and they must face Mecca while they pray
3. Alms –Muslims have a responsibility to give
money to help the poor
4. Fasting- During the Holy month of Ramadan
Muslims must fast from sunrise to sunset
5. Pilgrimage-Muslims, if they are financially and
physically able, must make a pilgrimage to
Mecca during their lifetime
Continued
• Allah is the source of authority for Muslims
• According to Islamic beliefs, Allah expressed
his will through the archangel Gabriel who
told Muhammad in the form of the Qur’an
• The Qur’an is written in Arabic and this is the
holy language of Islam. As Islam spreads the
Arabic language becomes the language of
diplomacy and trade
Continued
• To Muslims, Allah is the same God that the
Jews and Christians worship
1. According to Muslims, Jesus is a prophet
but not the Son of God
2. Muhammad is the final Prophet and the
Qur’an is the final version of the Bible
Archangel Gabriel
TA10B
Read Pages 269-272
Copy & Define Terms on Page 272
Copy & Answer Questions 12, 13, & 14 on Page
280