INTRODUCTION TO ARIZONA
Or AZ…Just the Facts
DID YOU KNOW?

Arizona became a state on February 14, 1912.
That’s why it is called the Valentine State.

The Spanish flag, the Mexican flag, the
Confederate flag, and the Unites States flag have
all flown over Arizona at one time or another.

South Mountain Park is the largest city park in the
country.
DID YOU KNOW? #2

Billy the Kid killed his first man in Bonita,
Arizona.

More copper is mined in Arizona than in all the
other states combined.

London Bridge is in Arizona.

Arizona was a part of New Mexico until 1863
DID YOU KNOW? #3

The smallest Arizona county (Santa Cruz) is
actually larger than 72 countries.

Arizona has the second-largest ostrich ranch in
the world.

The Westernmost battle of the Civil War was
fought in Arizona (Picacho Pass in Pinal County)
OVERVIEW OF ARIZONA HISTORY

9,000 years B.C.- hunter-gatherers arrived in
Arizona…Possibly.

1,300 A.D. – Anasazi disappear, Hopi emerge

1540 A.D. – Spanish arrive (don’t stay until 1580)

1600’s A.D. – Apache and Navajo arrive
OVERVIEW OF ARIZONA HISTORY

1821 A.D. - Mexico wins independence from Spain

1838 A.D. – Gold is discovered near
Prescott…PREDICTION TIME!

1848 A.D. – U.S. wins Mexican-American War

1850 A.D. - The Compromise of 1850 allows
citizens of the New Mexico and Utah territories to
decide whether they would allow slavery
OVERVIEW OF ARIZONA HISTORY

1853 A.D. The Gadsden Purchase (lookin’ for a
Railroad…)

1863 A.D. President Lincoln establishes the
Arizona Territory. Prescott is the capital –Can
you hypothesize why this might be?

1881 A.D. Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
OVERVIEW OF ARIZONA HISTORY

1886 A.D. – Apache war leader (not Chief)
Geronimo surrenders. The Indian Wars are over
in the Southwest.

1901 A.D. – The Grand Canyon is connected to
the railroads.

1912 A.D. - On February 14, President William
Howard Taft signs a proclamation declaring
Arizona to be the 48th State of the Union.
Happy Birth-Valentine’s-Statehood Day Arizona!
ARIZONA STATE SYMBOLS

State Motto: Ditat Deus (“God Enriches”)

State Nickname: Grand Canyon State

State Flower: Saguaro Cactus Blossom

State Gem: Turquoise

State Tree: Palo Verde

State Bird: Cactus Wren
ARIZONA STATE SYMBOLS PT.2

State Fossil: Petrified Wood

State Reptile: Arizona Ridge-Nosed Rattlesnake

State Fish: Apache Trout

State Amphibian: Arizona Tree Frog

Official Neckwear: Bola Tie
SKILLS TIME!...3 QUESTIONS
1.
What do I find interesting about this picture?
2.
What do I find odd or confusing about this
picture?
3.
What is one question that I would like to ask
the photographer or artist?
YOU ARE A SOCIAL STUDIES SCHOLAR
You get to write history…for real
“Using everything that we just discussed, create a
1 paragraph historical narrative that explains
how and why Arizona transitioned from the first
image all the way to the last image.”
ANNOTATE THIS TEXT
The seal of the State shall be of the following design: In
the background shall be a range of mountains, with the
sun rising behind the peaks thereof, and at the right
side of the range of mountains there shall be a storage
reservoir and a dam, below which in the middle distance
are irrigated fields and orchards reaching into the
foreground, at the right of which are cattle grazing. To
the left in the middle distance on a mountain side is a
quartz mill in front of which and in the foreground is a
miner standing with pick and shovel. Above this device
shall be the motto: "Ditat Deus." In a circular band
surrounding the whole device shall be inscribed: "Great
Seal of The State of Arizona", with the year of admission
of the State into the Union.
-ARIZONA STATE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE 22, SECTION 20
THE 5 C’S
1.
COPPER
2.
CATTLE
3.
COTTON
4.
CITRUS
5.
CLIMATE
GEORGE WARREN
99% INVISIBLE
What is 99% Invisible?
Only the coolest podcast EVER!
THE 5 PRINCIPLES OF FLAG DESIGN
1.
Keep It Simple
2.
Use Meaningful Symbolism
3.
Use 2–3 Basic Colors
4.
No Lettering or Seals
5.
Be Distinctive or Be Related
CHICAGO FLAG
SAN FRANCISCO FLAG
THE 5 PRINCIPLES OF FLAG DESIGN
1.
Keep It Simple
The flag should be so simple that a child can draw it from memory.
2.
Use Meaningful Symbolism
The flag’s images, colors, or patterns should relate to what it
symbolizes.
3.
Use 2–3 Basic Colors
Limit the number of colors on the flag to three, which contrast well
and come from the standard color set.
4.
No Lettering or Seals
Never use writing of any kind or an organization’s seal.
5.
Be Distinctive or Be Related
Avoid duplicating other flags, but use similarities to show
connections
HOW DOES THE ARIZONA FLAG MEASURE UP?
YOU ARE THE VEXILLOLOGIST!
Create your own version of the Flag of Arizona and
your own version of the Great Seal of Arizona. You
must obey the 5 Principles of Vexillology. Please refer
often to your Standards for Success.