Wednesday, February 17, 2016
• HOMEWORK: Finish Pedigree 1
(Doc#3)
• DNA bases (color and cut) due 2/29
OBJECTIVE: I will be able to use pedigrees to
investigate inheritance and will be able to understand
how to read a pedigree
•
DO NOW: In your own words explain the
strong gene model.
What we have learned so far:
1. There is a connection between genes and some traits.
2. We know that some traits are determined by our
genes, some by our environment and some traits are a
mix of both.
3. We get our genes from our parents.
4. The strong gene model is the best model so far to
explain how children inherit traits from their parents.
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
SAME ON THE OUTSIDE – DIFFERENT ON THE INSIDE
Sometimes parents can have the same traits, but their
Just
like many
other
living
things pea
plants
mate
and
have
offspring
turn
out
very
different.
This
means
that
even
though
When
we
look
at
the
children
they
are
not
all
ROUND.
Some
of
offspring.
Below
are
the
peas
from
two
families
of
pea
plants.
the children
parents
look
the same
onlook
the outside
(their
physical
traits),
the
in
Family
2
are
WRINKLED
on
the
outside.
So
even
Even
when
organisms
the
same
on
the
Peas
havevery
twodifferent
shapes, ROUND
and WRINKLED.
The parents for
they
are
on
the
inside
(their
genes).
though
parents
all
look exactly
the same
on on
thethe
outside
somehow
Family 1the
and
Family
2 look
alike
outside;
theyisare
outside
they
may
have
different
genes.
This
an
they
must be different on the inside to explain why the offspring
all
ROUND.
important
clue for
next activity .
from the two families
arethe
different.
Family 1
Family 2
Parents
Children
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
Cystic Fibrosis
InCystic
the next
activity we
areisgoing
to
Fibrosis
(CF)
a deadly
We
know
CF
is inherited.
figure
out how
kids
can
get the
disease
ofthat
the
lungs.
disease when the parents do not.
We
know
that
children
get
it from
Cells
in the
lungs
these
The
picture
on
the of
right
shows
a
their
We
willparents.
develop
athe
model
for the
rules
patients
produce
too
much
family
in which
parents
don’t
formucous
inheritance. thick mucous.
have CF really
but the two sons do.
But this is a puzzle.
These rules describe how traits are
Many
patients
machines
The
diagram
onneed
the right
showsto
inherited
by
offspring
from
their
How
can kids
inherit
disease
helpfamily.
them
breath
andaDad
many
die in
this
Mom
and
don’t
parents.
from
parents
when the
their ittheir
teens
and
twenties
even
have
(white
background
shapes)
parents
don’t
have
the
disease?
with
medical
help.
but
the
sons
do
(grey
background
In the next activity we are going to
shapes).
figure
rules by looking at
How out
canwho
thisthe
happen!?
family trees of families that have a
genetic disorder called cystic fibrosis.
Father
Mother
Son
Son
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
Today we will learn how to read a
pedigree for diseases like CF.
This will allows us to make
scientific predictions about
the risk of CF for a family.
A pedigree shows three things.
1. Male or Female
2. Family Relationship
3. Whether or not a person has
the disease.
PEDIGREE
Father
Son
Mother
Daughter
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
CF PEDIGREE
Squares to show male
Circles to show female
Grey to show a person
with a disease
White to show a person
without disease
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 1
1. Does the shape on
the right represent a
male or a female?
2. Based on the color
of the shape does this
person have the
disease CF?
Male
No CF
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 2
1. Does the shape on
the right represent a
male or a female?
2. Based on the color
of the shape does this
person have the
disease CF?
Female
No CF
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 3
The horizontal line
connecting the male and
female shows that they are
a couple.
1
Is person 2 male or
female?
Answer: Female
2
Parent
Generation
Who has the disease
person 1 or 2?
Answer: Person 1
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
CF PEDIGREE
A vertical set of
lines indicates a
parent and child
relationship.
In this example
the mother and
daughter have CF.
The father and
sons do not have
CF.
Father
Older
Son
Mother
Daughter
Younger
Son
Parent
Generation
Kid
Generation
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 4
1. Is person 2 the
mother or the father?
Answer: Mother
1
2
Parent
Generation
2. Is person 4 a child or
a parent?
Answer: Child
3
4
Kid
Generation
3. Who has the
disease, the son or
daughter?
Answer: Son
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 5
1
3
2
4
2.
In
this family,
who
isorperson
1.
Is
person
1
a
child
a
3. Who does not have CF?
3?
parent?
5
Answer:
Answer: Mother
Older
Parent
Daughter
and Son
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 6
1
3
4
2
5
3.
2. Which
What do
of children
the children
3, 5,has
and 7
1. Which parent has CF?
CF?
have in common?
6
7
Answer:
Answer:
Daughter
Male, 6
Answer: Mother
(Younger
Sons, and
daughter)
No CF
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
CF PEDIGREE
In this example
the
father’s
father
is
theparents.
only grandparent
TheThe
mother
father
also
hashas
hisher
own
own
parents.
The generation
added
at the
top
are thealso
kids’have
grandparents.
with
CF.
The
father
and
daughter
This
Thisset
setisisthe
themother’s
father’s mother
motherand
andfather.
father.CF.
Father’s
Father
1
Father’s
Mother
2
Mother’s
Father
3
Mother’s
Mother
4
Father
5
Mother
6
Parent
Generation
Son
7
Daughter
8
Kid
Generation
Grandparent
Generation
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
PRACTICE 7
3. Is person 2 the father’s mother or
1.
2.What
What
person
person
Answer:
3’s
2’s
Father’s
relationship
relationship
to
toperson
person
7?
4.isis
Who
Answer:
Answer:
is person
Grandmother
Grandfather
2 tomother
person
11? 10?
the mother’s mother?
1
7
8
2
3
5
6
9
4
10
11
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
Let’s use
evidence 1
to figure out
the rules for
the strong
gene model.
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
Sample rule:
Boys get genes from dad
Girls get genes from mom
Rules must have
to work for all
models
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree
CLOSURE
What is the relationship
between person 1 to
person 5?
Answer: Grandfather
2. Who in this family has
the disease?
Answer:
Grandmother,
Father,
Son 3
3. What
doand
persons
and
5 have
in common?
Answer:
They
are male
and have
CF5’s
4. Does
person
grandmother have CF?
Answer: Yes
1
3
2
4
5
I will be able to use pedigrees to investigate inheritance and will be able to understand how
to read a pedigree