GIT MCQ…
ANATOMY
Regarding sensory nerve supply of mucosa of mouth, choose one correct statement:
1- Greater palatine nerve supplies the floor of mouth
2- The roof of mouth is supplied by lingual nerve
3- Outer (labial) side of the lower gum is supplied by maxillary nerve
4- Buccal branch of facial nerve supplies mucosa of the cheek
5- Chorda tympani that carry taste sensation is a branch from facial nerve
The nerve that provides the taste fibers to the posterior third of the tongue is the: note
1- Facial nerve
2- Hypoglossal nerve
3- Glossopharyngeal nerve
4- Mandibular nerve
5- Maxillary nerve
The muscle responsible for protrusion of the tongue is the:
1- Intrinsic muscles
2- Palatoglossus
3- Styloglossus
4- Genioglossus
5- Hyoglossus
Which of the following muscles is present in the posterior pillar of fauces?
1- Palatoglossus
2- Styloglossus
3- Stylopharyngeus
4- Palatopharyngeus
5- Levator palati
Regarding the mouth, the following statements are true, except:
1- The mouth proper lies in front the teeth and gums
2- The vestibule communicates with mouth proper behind 3rd molar tooth
3- The parotid duct opens in the vestibule of mouth opposite upper 2nd molar tooth
4- The roof of mouth proper is formed by hard and soft palate
5- Submandibular duct opens at the side of frenulum of the tongue
As regard sensory nerve supply of the mouth, choose one correct statement:
1- Lesser palatine nerves supply the floor of mouth
2- Chorda tympani which carries taste is a branch from glossopharyngeal nerve
3- The roof of mouth receives sensory nerve supply from maxillary nerve
4- The Buccal branch of facial nerve supplies the mucosa of the check
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5- Lingual nerve supplies mucosa of inner surface of lower lip
Which of the following muscles produce retraction and elevation of the tongue?
1- Genioglossus of both sides
2- Styloglossus and hyoglossus
3- Hyoglossus and Genioglossus
4- Intrinsic muscles of the tongue
5- Styloglossus and palatoglossus
The tongue is connected by its muscles to the following structures, except:
1- Hyoid bone
2- Mandible
3- Styloid process
4- Mastoid process
5- Soft palate
Regarding blood supply & lymph drainage of the tongue, the following are true, except:
1- The lingual artery supplies most of the tongue
2- Posterior part is supplied by ascending pharyngeal & tonsillar branch of facial arteries
3- Veins of the tongue drain into external jugular vein.
4- Lymphatics from the tip of the tongue drains into submental lymph nodes
5- Lymphatics from the posterior third of the tongue drains into jugulomohyoid nodes
Lesion of the lingual nerve can lead to the following, except:
1- Loss of sensation of the lingual side of the lower gums
2- Loss of general sensation of the floor of the mouth
3- Loss of taste sensation from anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
4- Loss of general sensation from the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue.
5- Loss of secretions from the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
As regard mouth and tongue, choose the correct statement:
1- The lingual nerve carries general sensation from anterior 2/3rd of tongue
2- The submandibular duct opens in the floor of mouth by several openings
3- To stop bleeding from the tongue, press the tongue anterior to laceration
4- Injury of the hypoglossal nerve leads to deviation of tongue to same side of lesion
5- Chorda tympani carries taste sensation from posterior 1/3rd of tongue
Regarding the palate, choose one correct statement:
1- Bony palate is formed by palatine & zygomatic bones
2- Tensor veli palatini muscle is supplied by pharyngeal plexus (pharyngeal branch of vagus)
3- Palatopharyngeus muscle can elevate the larynx
4- The soft palate forms the roof of nasopharynx
5- Palatoglossus muscle lies behind the tonsil
Regarding the Genioglossus muscle, the following are true, except:
1- It originates from superior genial tubercle (mental tubercle)
2- It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve
3- Its superior fibers are inserted into the tip of the tongue
4- It draws the tongue forward and protrudes the tip to the same side
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5- Its inferior fibers are attached to the body of the hyoid bone
The muscle that opens the auditory tube during swallowing is the:
1- Levator veli palatini
2- Palatoglossus
3- Palatopharyngeus
4- Salpingopharyngeus
5- Stylopharyngeus
Regarding the pharynx, the following are correct, except:
1- The auditory tube opens into the nasopharynx
2- The Tonsillar bed is formed by the superior constrictor muscle
3- The constrictor muscles of pharynx are supplied by hypoglossal nerve
4- It extends from the base of the skull to the 6th cervical vertebra
5- The glossopharyngeal nerve supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle
The following muscles are supplied by pharyngeal plexus (pharyngeal branch of vagus), except:
1- Superior constrictor
2- Salpingopharyngeus
3- Palatopharyngeus
4- Levator palati
5- Tensor palati
Regarding the vestibule of the mouth, choose one correct statement:
1- It receives the opening of submandibular duct
2- It does not communicate with the oral cavity
3- It receives the opening of the parotid duct
4- It is present inner to the teeth & gum
5- None of the above
Which of following tongue muscles is not supplied by hypoglossal nerve?
1- Styloglossus
2- Palatoglossus
3- Hyoglossus
4- Genioglossus
5- Intrinsic muscles of the tongue
Regarding the palate, the following are true, except:
1- It lies between the oral & nasal cavities
2- It is formed of hard anterior and soft posterior parts
3- Its sensory innervation by maxillary nerve
4- All its muscles are supplied by pharyngeal branch of vagus (pharyngeal plexus)
5- It is drained by deep cervical lymph nodes
Regarding the pharynx, the following are true, except:
1- It ends at the level of 6th cervical vertebra
2- Auditory tube opens in its nasal part
3- Palatine tonsils lie in the oral part
4- Its constrictor muscles are supplied by cranial part of accessory nerve (pharyngeal branch of vagus = pharyngeal plex
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5- The mucosa of the oral part is supplied by maxillary nerve
Regarding the pharynx, the following are true, except:
1- Opposite 6th cervical vertebra, it continues as esophagus
2- Its constrictor muscles are supplied by glossopharyngeal nerve
3- Its nasal part is connected to middle ear by Eustachian tube
4- The oropharynx contains palatine tonsils
5- Oropharyngeal isthmus is bounded by the palatoglossal arches
Regarding the pharynx, the following are true, except:
1- It is formed of nasal, oral, and laryngeal parts
2- Auditory tube opens in its nasal part
3- Palatine tonsils lie in its oral part
4- Its constrictor muscles are supplied by the spinal part of accessory nerve
5- It ends at the lower border of cricoid cartilage
Regarding movement of the tongue, the following are true, except:
1- Shape of the tongue is modified by the intrinsic muscles
2- Protrusion of the tongue is produced by both genioglossus muscles
3- Depression of the tongue is produced by both hypoglossi muscles
4- Retraction of the tongue is produced by styloglossus
5- Elevation of the tongue is produced genioglossus of one side
Regarding the pharynx, the following are true, except:
1- The palatine tonsil is related laterally to superior constrictor muscle
2- The laryngopharynx is supplied by the internal laryngeal nerve
3- The cricopharyngeus part of inferior constrictor acts as a sphincter
4- The nasopharynx is sensory innervated by glossopharyngeal nerve
5- The palatine tonsils are drained by jugulodigastric lymph nodes
Regarding the Genioglossus muscle, the following are true, except:
1- It originates from the superior genial (mental) tubercle
2- innervated by the cranial part of accessory nerve (pharyngeal plexus)
3- Its inferior fibers are inserted are attached to the body of hyoid bone
4- Its superior fibers are inserted into the tip of the tongue
5- It protrudes the tip of the tongue to opposite side
Stylopharyngeus muscle is supplied by:
1- Hypoglossal nerve
2- Cranial part of accessory nerve (pharyngeal plexus)
3- Spinal part of accessory nerve
4- Glossopharyngeal nerve
5- Facial nerve
Palatoglossus muscle is supplied by:
1- Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve (pharyngeal plexus)
2- Spinal part of accessory nerve
3- glossopharyngeal nerve
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4- Mandibular nerve
5- Facial nerve
Tensor palati muscle is supplied by:
1- Facial nerve
2- Cranial part of accessory through pharyngeal branch of vagus (pharyngeal plexus)
3- Spinal part of accessory nerve
4- Glossopharyngeal nerve
5- Mandibular nerve
Quinsy is formation of abscess lateral to the:
1- Nasopharyngeal tonsil
2- Tubal tonsil
3- Lingual tonsil
4- Palatine tonsil
5- Submandibular gland
The esophagus pierces the diaphragm at level of:
1- Ninth thoracic vertebra
2- Tenth thoracic vertebra
3- Eleventh thoracic vertebra
4- Twelfth thoracic vertebra
5- First lumbar vertebra
The following are direct branches of the superior mesenteric artery except:
1- Ileocolic artery
2- Appendicular branch
3- Right colic artery
4- Middle colic artery
5- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
The following are branches of the inferior mesenteric artery, except:
1- Middle rectal artery
2- Superior rectal artery
3- Sigmoid arteries
4- Left colic artery
The following are direct tributaries of the portal vein, except:
1- Splenic vein
2- Superior mesenteric vein
3- Inferior mesenteric vein
4- Right gastric vein
5- Left gastric vein
The following are branches of splenic artery except:
1- Terminal splenic branches
2- Pancreatic branches
3- Short gastric branches
4- Left gastric artery
5- Left gastroepiploic artery
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The following are direct branches of hepatic artery except:
1- Terminal right branch to right lobe of the liver
2- Terminal left branch to lefty lobe of the liver
3- Right gastroepiploic artery
4- Right gastric artery
5- Gastroduodenal artery
The following are sites of portosystemic anastomoses except:
1- At the lower 1/3rd of esophagus
2- In the wall of jejunum & ileum
3- In the lower part of rectum & anal canal
4- Around the umbilicus
5- In the posterior abdominal wall
The lymphatic drainage of transverse colon into:.
1- Superior mesenteric nodes
2- Para-aortic nodes
3- Inferior mesenteric nodes
4- Superior & inferior mesenteric nodes
5- Celiac & superior mesenteric nodes
As regard the liver the following are true except:
1- The quadrate lobe drains bile into right hepatic duct (( into left hepatic ))
2- The lesser omentum connects stomach to visceral surface of liver
3- The left triangular ligament connects liver to diaphragm
4- The liver is supported mainly by the hepatic veins into the IVC
5- The Ligamentum venosum is attached the left branch of portal vein
As regard the pancreas the following are true except:
1- It receives part of its arterial supply from splenic artery
2- Its main pancreatic duct opens into third part of duodenum
3- The uncinate process projects from the head
4- The common bile duct lies posterior to the head
5- The transverse mesocolon is attached to anterior border of pancreas
As regard stomach the following are true except:
1- The splenic artery runs behind stomach along upper border of pancreas
2- Greater curvature receives its blood from right & left gastric arteries
3- Lymph drainage from gastroesophageal junction into celiac nodes
4- Lesser sac lies behind the stomach
5- Pyloric end is attached to posterior abdominal wall by the duodenum
The lymphatic drainage of the head of pancreas into:
1- Celiac nodes
2- para-aortic nodes
3- Superior mesenteric nodes
4- Inferior mesenteric nodes
5- Celiac & superior mesenteric nodes
As regard the pancreas, the following are true except:
1- It has head, neck, body & tail
2- It is completely covered by peritoneum
3- Its body lies transversely posterior to stomach
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4- The head lies in the concavity of the duodenum
5- The tail is related to the spleen
As regard biliary system, the following are true except:
1- The neck of gall bladder continues as cystic duct
2- The fundus of gall bladder is felt below the tip of right 9th costal cartilage
3- The common bile duct lies in the free border of lesser omentum
4- The junction of right & left hepatic ducts forms the common bile duct
5- The cystic vein drains into portal vein
Which of the following is eroded in perforated ulcer in the posterior wall of 1st part duodenum?
1- Hepatic artery
2- Splenic artery
3- Right gastric artery
4- Gastroduodenal artery
5- Right gastroepiploic artery
As regard the small intestine, select one correct statement:
1- The jejunum has complicated arterial arcades
2- The ileum forms the proximal 2/5ths of the small intestine
3- The lymphoid follicles are larger & numerous in jejunum than in ileum
4- Both jejunum & ileum have appendices epiploicae
5- It is supplied by branches of superior mesenteric artery
The following are peritoneal folds, except:
1- Falciform ligament
2- Lienorenal ligament
3- Gastrosplenic ligament
4- Ligamentum venosum
5- Coronary ligament
The following structures are present posterior to 1st part of duodenum, except:
1- Lesser sac
2- Bile duct
3- Liver
4- Gastroduodenal artery
5- Portal vein
As regard the superior mesenteric artery, select one correct statement:
1- It is the artery of hindgut
2- It lies to the right of the superior mesenteric vein
3- It takes origin at the level of 3rd lumbar vertebra
4- It supplies lower part of duodenum & pancreas
5- It descends behind the 3rd part of duodenum
The stomach is related posteriorly to the following except:
1- Left kidney
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2- Left suprarenal gland
3- Left lobe of the liver
4- Lesser sac
5- Transverse mesocolon
Pain of inflamed gall bladder (Cholecystitis) is referred to the:
1- Shoulder
2- Back
3- Iliac fossa
4- Umbilicus
5- Hypogastrium
The following veins form portosystemic anastomoses except:
1- Esophageal tributaries of left gastric & azygos veins
2- Internal & external iliac veins
3- Paraumbilical & anterior abdominal veins
4- Right colic & lumbar veins
5- Veins in liver bare area & phrenic vein
As regard the inferior mesenteric artery the following are true except:
1- Its colic branch supplies descending colon
2- It gives off inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
3- It supplies sigmoid colon
4- Its branches contribute to the marginal artery
5- It arises from aorta just below 3rd part of duodenum
Which of following is eroded in perforated peptic ulcer in the posterior wall of stomach?
1- Gastroduodenal artery
2- Left gastric artery
3- Right gastric artery
4- Hepatic artery
5- Splenic artery
The inferior mesenteric vein terminates in:
1- Portal vein
2- Superior mesenteric vein
3- Splenic vein
4- Hepatic vein
5- Inferior vena cava
The Ligamentum teres is the remains of:
1- Umbilical artery
2- Umbilical vein
3- Ductus venosus
4- Ductus arteriosus
5- Allantois
The Appendicular artery is a direct branch of:
1- The inferior mesenteric artery
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2- The ileocolic artery
3- The superior mesenteric artery
4- The superior rectal artery
5- The left colic artery
The following are parts of biliary system except:
1- Common bile duct
2- Cystic duct
3- Pancreatic duct
4- Common hepatic duct
5- Right and left hepatic ducts
Regarding the pancreas, the following are true except:
1- Cancer head causes obstructive jaundice
2- Its tail is present in the lienorenal ligament
3- Its head lies in the concavity of duodenum
4- Splenic artery lies at its upper border
5- Portal vein begins behind its body
The following are present in the stomach bed except:
1- LT renal vein
2- Splenic artery
3- Pancreas (( not sure ))
4- Left kidney
5- Left suprarenal gland
As regard the liver the following are true except:
1- The visceral surface of the liver is related to the duodenum
2- The hepatic veins lie in the porta hepatic (( portal vein ))
3- The quadrate lobe is a functional part of the left lobe
4- Its nerve supply is derived from the celiac plexus
5- It is not completely covered by peritoneum
In case of cancer stomach which group of lymph nodes might be affected?
1- Superior mesenteric
2- Inferior mesenteric
3- Celiac
4- Para-aortic
5- None of the above
The visceral surface of spleen is related to the following except:
1- Stomach
2- Splenic flexure of the colon
4- Left suprarenal gland
3- Left kidney
5- Tail of pancreas
The following are sites of portosystemic anastomosis except:
1- Around the umbilicus.
3- Lower end of esophagus.
4- In the bare area of the liver.
2- In the spleen.
5- In the wall of anal canal.
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The following structures are related to the posterior surface of the stomach except:
1- Left kidney.
Splenic vein.
4- Splenic artery.
2- Left suprarenal gland.
5- Body of pancreas.
The following arteries share in the formation of marginal artery of the colon except:
1- Ileocolic artery
2- Right colic artery
3- Middle colic artery
4- Left colic artery
5- Middle rectal artery
Regarding the spleen, the following are true, except:
1- It is a lymphatic organ
2- It is related to the posterior wall of the stomach
3- It is completely enclosed by peritoneum, except the hilum
4- It is usually palpable (you can feel it) in normal individual
5- Splenic & superior mesenteric veins form portal vein
Pain of appendicitis is referred to the:
1- Shoulder
2- Epigastrium
3- Hypogastrium
4- Dermatomes T 5 - T 9
5- Region of the umbilicus
Which of the following arteries is a branch of superior mesenteric artery ?
1- Superior rectal
2- Inferior rectal
3- Gastroduodenal
4- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
5- Superior pancreaticoduodenal
Which one of the following takes origin behind neck of pancreas?
1- Celiac trunk.
2- Portal vein.
3- Inferior mesenteric artery.
4- Superior mesenteric artery.
5- Hepatic artery.
The gall bladder lies in the:
1- Upper left quadrant.
2- Upper right quadrant.
3- Lower left quadrant.
4- Lower right quadrant.
5- Epigastrium
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Which of following is more common in females than in males?
1- Direct inguinal hernia
2- Indirect inguinal hernia
3- Femoral hernia
4- Lumbar hernia
5- Epigastric hernia
The commonest type of hernia is:
1- Umbilical hernia
2- Epigastric hernia
3- Paraumbilical hernia
4- Direct inguinal hernia
5- Indirect inguinal hernia
About indirect inguinal hernia, the following are true except:
1- It is considered as congenital type
2- Its neck lies below & lateral to pubic tubercle
3- It occurs through inguinal canal
4- It usually descends to scrotum
5- It is usually unilateral
About the direct inguinal hernia, the following are true, except:
1- It occurs usually in children
2- It is usually bilateral
3- It occurs in the posterior wall of inguinal canal
4- Its neck is wide
5- It is more common in males than females
About femoral and inguinal hernias, the following are true, except:
1- Femoral hernia occurs in the femoral canal
2- Indirect inguinal hernia occurs in the inguinal canal
3- The neck of femoral hernia lies above & medial to pubic tubercle
4- Femoral hernia is more common in females than in males
5- Inguinal hernia is more common in males than in females
About hernias, the following are true, except:
1- Internal hernia may occurs in the peritoneal recesses
2- Diaphragmatic hernia is the passage of mobile viscera through diaphragm
3- Lumbar hernia may occurs through lumbar triangle
4- Divarication (separation) of the recti usually occurs in muscular males
5- Incisional hernia occurs in a weak scar after surgical operation
The celiac artery supplies:
A. Forgut
B. Midgut
C. Hindgut
D. Forgut and midgut
E. Midgut and hindgut
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The esophagus passes through the diaphragm at which vertebral level?
A. T8
B. T10
C. T12
D. L1
E. L2
The "porta hepatis" of the liver transmits all of the following EXCEPT:
A. hepatic arteries
B. hepatic ducts
C. autonomic nerves from the celiac plexus
D. portal vein
E. hepatic veins
HISTOLOGY
Regarding the tongue,
select ONE CORRECT
statement:
A. It is covered by stratified
columnar epithelium.
B. The filiform papillae are
located behind sulcus
terminalis.
C. The fungiform papillae
do not contain taste buds.
D. The taste buds have
neuro-epithelial and
supporting cells.
E. The lingual tonsil is
present in its anterior part.
Regarding sub-mandiblur
salivary gland chose one
wrong answer:
A) it is a compound
tubuloalveolar gland
B) it has thin connective
tissue septa
C) it contains serous and
mucous acini
D) its main duct lined with
stratified columnar
epithelium
Regarding the small
intestine chose one correct
answer :
A) Plicae circularis are
permanent circular folds
consisting of external
muscle layer
B) the Brunner’s glands are
located in sub mucosa of the
duodenum
C) Payer’s patches are
present in the jejunum
D) Panneth cells secret
mucous
Regarding the stomach
chose one correct answer :
A) it is lined by simple
squamous epithelium
B) its pyloric glands have
many chief cells and parietal
cells
C) Its fundus glands are
simple branched tubular
glands
D) the chief cells have
eosinophilic cytoplasm
Regarding the stomach,
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the following are correct,
EXCEPT:
A. It is lined by simple
columnar epithelium.
B. It contains gastric pits.
C. It contains crypts of
Lieberkuhn.
D. Chief cells are basophilic
columnar cells.
E. Its fundic region is rich in
oxyntic glands.
As regard ileum & jejunum the following
are true except:
1- The circular muscle layer of terminal
ileum acts as a sphincter
2- The arterial arcades are more in the
ileum than jejunum
3- Peyer's patches are present in the
submucosa of the lower ileum
4- The plicae circularis are more in the
ileum than jejunum
5- The parasympathetic nerve supply of
jejunum & ileum is derived from vagus
nerve
EMPYROLOGY
Regarding the
development of the
stomach, select ONE
CORRECT statement:
A. Its dorsal surface border
grows faster than the ventral
border.
B. It descends due to rapid
elongation of the esophagus.
C. It shifts to the right side.
((not sure ))
D. It rotates 90 degree
around a vertical axis.
(( i think the q is wrong so
pleas cheek it ))
Which of the following, is a
derivative of the foregut?
A. Stomach.
B. Small intestine.
C. Ascending colon.
D. Descending colon
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.
Regarding the developing of
the foregut all the following
are true except:
A) The stomach rotates 90’
to the right
B) Lower part of the
duodenum is one of it’s
derivatives
C) Ventral pancreas gives
the uncinate process
D) Lesser omentum arises
from the ventral mesentery
PHARMACOLOGY
Which of the following
drugs is most likely to
reduce metabolism of many
drugs.
A. Sucralafate
B. Cimetidine
C. Misoprestol
D. Tetracycline
E. Omeprazole
which drug accumulate in
the paritel cell canaliculi
and undergoes conversion to
a derivative that irreversibly
inhibits H+/K+ pump
ATPase?
A) Cimetidine
B) Diphenoxylate
C) Ezeomeprasole
D) Metoclopramide
which of the following
antibiotics is commonly
used for H.pylori in patient
with duodenual ulcer?
A) Penecillin G
B)Gentamicin
C) clarithromycin
D) Clindamycin
This is a small molecule that
polymerizes in stomach acid
and coats the ulcer bed,
resulting in accelerated
healing and reduction of
symptoms.
Sucralfate
A 55-yr-old woman with
type 1 diabetes of 40 yrs'
duration complains of
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severe bloating and
abdominal distress,
especially after meals.
Evaluation is consistent
with diabetic gastroparesis.
Which of the following is a
prokinetic drug that could
be used in this situation?
(A) Alosetron
(B) Cimetidine
(C) Loperamide
(D) Metoclopramide
(E) Sucralfate
Which drug is most
appropriate for the treatment
of a patient who presents
with Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome resulting from a
gastrinoma?
(A) Aprepitant
(B) Metoclopramide
(C) Omeprazole
(D) Ondansetron
(E) Ranitidine
BIOCHEMISTRY
Which of the following statements regarding digestion and absorption of carbohydrates is
true?
a. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth.
b. Polysaccharides are broken down to monosaccharides by amylase.
c. Disaccharides are actively transported across the epithelium of the small intestine.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.
2-The emulsification of fats
A. results in the formation of small fat droplets.
B. depends upon the amphipathic structure of bile salts.
C. results in the formation of micelles. A and B.
D. A, B and C
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1- The function of the enzyme enterokinase is to:
A. stimulate secretion of gastrin by the stomach.
B. activate trypsinogen into trypsin.
C. activate pepsinogen into pepsin.
D. cleave dipeptides into amino acids.
E. Is induced by hemoglobin
humans cannot digest cellulose because they lack the following enzyme :
A) a(1-6) glucosidase
B) B (1-4) galactosidase
C) a (1-4) glucosidase
D) B ( 1-4 ) glucosidase
fructose is transported from the intestinal lumen to the intestinal mucosa by:
A) sodium – dependent monosacharides transporter (GLUT-2)
B) sodium – independent glucose transporter (GLUT-5 )
C) active transport that requires energy
D) sodium – dependent glucose transporter (GLUT-1)
the reformed lipids in enterocytes in mucosal cell are transported to the circulation as :
A) bound to albumin
B) as chylomicrons
C) as mixed micelles
D) as free triacylglycerides
PARASITOLOGY
Metronedazole is the drug of a choice in :
A) amoebiasis
B) strongyloidiasis
C) schistosomiasis
D) echinococcosis
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the definitive host of Echincoccus granulosus :
A) Dog
B) cattle
C) man
D) cat
Amoebic liver abscess is characterized by :
A) hypochondrial pain referred to the RT shoulder
B) most common at the left lobe of the liver
C) leucopenia is a characteristic finding
D) usually without fever
in hydatid disease the main lesion in the liver :
A) periportal fibrosis
B) CYST
C) abscess
D) sever inflammation
PATHOLOGY
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Barrett’s esophagus means :
a. Hyperplasia of lower oesophageal mucosa
b. Hypertrophy oesophagial muscle wall
c. Gastric & Intestinal metaplasia of lower oesophageal mucosa
d. Failure of relaxation of lower oesophageal sphincter
Which of the following is the most common histologic type of esophageal tumors?:
a. Adenocarcinoma
b. Undifferentiated carcinoma.
c. Lymphoma.
d. Squamous cell carcinoma.
e. Carcinoid tumors.
the commonest type of oesophagitis is :
a. Bacterial oesophagitis
b. Viral oesophagitis
c. Chemical oesophagitis
d. Reflux oesophagitis
The most serious complication of long standing reflux esophagitis is:
a. Heart burn / vomiting.
b. Barrett's esophagus / dysplasia. ((NOT SURE))
c. Esophageal ulceration.
d. Esophageal perforation.
e. Duodenal dysplasia.
The most common site of SSC of the esophagus is :
a.Upper third of esophagus
b. Lower thirdof esophagus
c. middle third of esophagus
d.cardia
which one of the following is not associated with SCC :
A) Barrett’s esophagus
B) alcohol consumption
C) tobacco abuse
D) achalasia
One of the following statements is CORRECT regarding reflux esophagitis:
a. Microscopically characterized by the presence of eosinophils.
b. Largely limited to children below 5 years of age.
c. Hematemesis is the most common presentation.
d. It is mainly caused by Candida.
e. Replacement of the squamous epithelium by ciliated columnar cells.
Barrett’s esophagus is considered as:
a. Hamartomatous changes.
b. Metaplastic changes.
c. Neoplastic growth.
d. Inflammatory process.
e. Congenital anomaly.
Barrett’s esophagus may lead to:
a. Adenocarcinoma of esophagus.
b. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
c. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach.
d. MALT lymphoma (MALTOMA).
e. Malabsorption.
The most frequent etiological factor of chronic gastritis is:
a. Cigarette smoking.
b. Systemic infections.
c. Helicobacter pylori infection.
d. Use of NSAIDs.
e. Alcoholism.
The cell of origin of gastric carcinoma is:
a. Transitional cells.
b. Squamous cells.
c. Ciliated columnar cells.
d. Glandular cells.(not sure)
e. Lymphoid cells.
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((((((((B IS the correct answer))))))))
The most common site of gastric carcinoma is :
a.pylorus and Antrum
b.Cardia
c.Greater curvature
d.Body and Fundus
The most common type of gastritis is :
H.pylori associated with chronic gastritis
lintis plastic stomach means :
a. Diffuse deep infiltration of gastric wall by malignancy
b. Inflammation & fibrosis in the wall of the stomach
c. Localized infiltration in the wall of the stomach
d. Superficial spreading of the carcinoma in the stomach
chronic gastritis is characterized by chronic mucosal inflammatory cells infiltrate associated with one
of the following changes:
a. Mucosal erosions and epithelial metaplasia.
b. Mucosal erosions and epithelial dysplasia.
c. Mucosal atrophy and epithelial metaplasia.
d. Mucosal hypertrophy and epithelial erosions.
e. Mucosal hypertrophy and epithelial metaplasia.
The most frequent cause of acute gastritis of stomach is:
a. Helicobacter pylori.
b. Heavy use of aspirin.
c. Autoimmune diseases.
d. Chronic peptic ulcer.
e. Acute colitis.
Which of the followings is a risk factor for the development of pigment stone?
a. Female gender.
b. Chronic haemolytic disorders.
c. Oral contraceptives.
d. Pregnancy.
e. Obesity.
which of the following is not true about gallblader carcinoma:
a. more common in female
b .gallstones are found in most cases
c. indirect bilirubinemia is common finding
d. the 5 years survival is low
e. most common in 7th decade of life
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3- I THINK THE ANSWER IS ((E))
Which of the following viruses is more likely to progress to chronic hepatitis?
a. Hepatitis A
b. Hepatitis E
c. Hepatitis D
d. Hepatitis B
swollen oedematous hepatocytes with irreularly clumped cytoplasm and large clear spaces is called :
a. Ballooning degeneration
b.Steatosis
c. Coagulative necrosis
d. Lytic necrosis
the commonest cause of acute infection in the liver is :
a. suppurative cholangitis
b.brucellosis
c.leptaspirosis
d. viral hepatitis
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2- the answer is ((a)) i think …
3- i think …. HBV , HCV AND HDV ALL CAN BE POST TRANSFUSED .
PHYSIOLOGY
Regarding local enteric nervous system:
a. It controls the long reflexes.
b. Meissner's plexus controls the motility of GIT.
c. Auerbach's plexus controls the secretion of GIT.
d. Cutting both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves of GIT,
the motility and secretion are maintained.
Regarding unconditioned reflexes:
a. They are acquired reflexes that need previous experience.
b. Their receptors are inside GIT.
c. They occur before food enters the mouth.
d. Their centre is the cerebral cortex.
Regarding conditioned reflexes :
A) they are short reflexes
B) their center is the spinal cord
C) They are acquired reflexes and need previous experience
D) their receptors are inside the GIT
regarding salivary secretion :
A) it is under both hormonal and nervous control
B) it occurs only in response to eating
C) is hypotonic relative to plasma
D) Aldosterone hormones causes K+ reabsorption and Na+ secretion
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Regarding salivary secretion:
a. It is under both hormonal and nervous control.
b. It occurs only in response to eating.
c. It is decreased during dental procedures.
d. Its potassium content is more than that of plasma.
Regarding deglutition:
a. Soft palate moves upward to close larynx.
b. Primary peristalsis is initiated in esophagus.
c. Secondary peristalsis occurs with each swallowing.
d. Achalasia means failure of relaxation of lower esophageal
sphincter.
Concerning motility of GIT:
a. Segmentation movement is a propulsive movement.
b. Receptive relaxation occurs before food enters mouth.
c. Segmentation movement helps both digestion and
absorption.
d. The contraction of peristalsis is mediated by VIP and NO
neurons.
The act of vomiting is associated with:
a. Elevation of diaphragm.
b. Relaxation of abdominal muscles.
c. Closure of larynx.
d. Antiprestalsis of gastric wall.
when parietal cells are stimulated they secret :
A)HCL and intrinsic factor
B) HCL and pepsinogen
C) HCO3- and intrinsic factor
D) Mucous and pepsinogen
atropine fail to block the action of vagus on the G cell as the neurotransmitter release by :
A) VIP
B) GRP (Gastrin releasing peptid )
C) Histamine
D) Acetylcholine
Regarding the gastric phase of gastric secretion, it:
a. Occurs before food enters mouth.
b. Is under neuro-hormonal control.
c. Is responsible for 20% of gastric secretion.
d. Is abolished by vagotomy.
Obstruction of the common bile duct:
a. Causes an increase in urobilinogen in urine.
b. Decreases the fat content in stool.
c. Prolongs clotting time.
d. Increases loss of bile salts in stool.
Concerning pancreatic secretion:
a. It is entirely under hormonal control.
b. CCK increases pancreatic secretion rich in NaHCO3.
c. Secretin hormone increases pancreatic secretion rich in enzymes.
d. Vagal stimulation increases pancreatic secretion rich in enzymes.
Cholagogues include:
a. CCK.
b. Secretin.
c. Bile salts.
d. Catecholamines.
Choleretics include:
a. CCK.
b. Secretin.
c. Magnesium sulfates.
d. Noradrenaline.
The functions of gall bladder include all the following EXCEPT:
a. Storage of bile.
b. Synthesis of bile.
c. Acidification of bile.
d. Concentration of bile.
Secretion of bicarbonate rich pancreatic juice is stimulated mainly by:
a. CCK.
b. Secretin.
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c. Insulin.
d. Trypsin.
Secretion of enzyme rich pancreatic secretion is stimulated by:
a. Secretin.
b. Pepsin.
c. Enterokinase.
d. CCK.
DONE BY :
MED 10