Q1. How did the Renaissance spread
from Italy to the rest of Europe?
A: Printing Press, Routes (trade &
travel), and wars
Q2. Describe a Renaissance Man.
A: Well rounded; artistic, athletic, etc.
Q3. How did the printing press help
the Renaissance?
A: Made books cheap so people
could afford them; encouraged
reading of new ideas
Q4: What was the main idea of
Machiavelli’s “The Prince?”
A: It is better to be feared than loved.
Q5: What did the Catholic Church
do at the Council of Trent?
A: Did not compromise with
Protestants. Said pope still had
authority.
Q6: Why did the Catholic Church fear
the Protestant Reformation?
A: Church was afraid it would lose
its followers
Q7: Why did the Japanese go into
isolation?
A: They were afraid of European
influence changing their culture.
Q8: What effects did the slave trade
have on African society?
A: Societies lost their best members;
families were separated.
Q9: What is a joint-stock company?
A: Sells stock in overseas trading
voyages.
Q10: What is mercantilism?
A: Money=Power. Countries
shouldn’t import goods.
Q11: What is an absolute monarch?
A: Ruler with total power. Ruled by
DIVINE RIGHT—god-given power.
Q12: Who was King Philip II?
A: King of Spain. Lost when he sent
the Spanish Armada to try to defeat
Elizabeth I (England).
Q13: What family ruled Austria
during 18th century?
A: Hapsburg family.
Q14: What encouraged Peter the
Great to modernize/ westernize
Russia?
A: “For you know yourself that,
though a thing be good and necessary,
our people will not do it unless forced
to” after his visit to the west led him
to institute absolute control over the
people of Russia:
Q15: What is habeus corpus?
A: cannot be imprisoned without a fair
trial.
Q16: What is the Petition of Right in
England?
A: No quartering of troops, no taxes
without Parliament’s consent, no
unfair imprisonment.
Q17: After the Glorious Revolution,
what type of government was set up
in England?
A: Constitutional Monarchy under
William and Mary
Q18: What new things were
discovered during the Scientific
Revolution?
A: New instruments (telescope,
microscope). New health
discoveries.
Q19: Why did the Church and
science not get along during the
Scientific Revolution?
A: Science disproved the geocentric
theory, which the Church taught.
Q20: Describe the difference
between the heliocentric theory
and geocentric theory.
A: Heliocentric—sun centered
Geocentric—earth centered
Q21: What did the Enlightenment
promote?
A: Belief that reason can solve
problems, focus on the individual,
more secular outlook on the world.
Q22: What are John Locke’s natural
rights?
A: Life, liberty, and property
Q23: If the government does not
protect these, what does Locke day
you should do?
A: Rebel/Overthrow it!
Q24: What did philosophes use to
understand government and
philosophy?
A: Reason
Q25: What were salons?
A: Parties attended by philosophes
and writers. They helped spread
Enlightenment ideas.
Q26: What areas of the world were
affected by the Enlightenment?
A: Europe and America
Q27: Describe the events of the French
Revolution.
Louis XVI to Napoleon.
Q28: Why did the French people hate
Queen Marie Antoinette?
A: She ran up the royal debt. She
was from Austria and was seen as
an outsider, out of touch with the
French people.
Q29: What was the storming of the
Bastille?
A: Mob attack of a prison. It was
important because it was a
symbol of revolution.
Q30: What document gave French
“liberty, property, security, and
resistance to oppression?”
A: Declaration of the Rights of Man
Q31: Why did the French sell the
Louisiana Territory to the US?
A: French needed money for war but
didn’t want to raise taxes.
Q32: The French made a big
mistake when they entered this
country, which used scorchedearth strategy.
A: Russia
Q33: What were the goals of the
Congress of Vienna?
A: 1) balance power in Europe &
establish stability, 2) restore the
royalty, and 3) prevent French
aggression
Q34: What were the results of the
Congress of Vienna?
A: Nationalism grows, France
declines in power, Britain gains
power.
Q35: Why was Great Britain a good
place for the Industrial Revolution
to start?
A: 1) a large labor force of displaced
farmers
2) an abundance of capital to invest
3) natural resources
Q36: Describe the bad conditions
in early factories. How were these
able to change?
A: Dangerous factories, long shifts,
little pay.
Changes were made because of the
work of labor unions.
Q37: What were early factories located
close to?
A: harbors (this helped with energy
and transportation)
Q38: A person who takes risks to start
a business is….?
A: Entrepreneur.
Q39: How did transportation help
industrialization?
A: Goods could be transported easily,
allowing industry to continue to grow.
Q40: Who wrote the Communist
Manifesto?
A: Karl Marx
Q41: What was the main idea of the
Communist Manifesto?
A: Workers should have more
rights.
Q42: What conditions in the IR led
to the development of the idea of
Communism?
A: Bad factory conditions and low
wages
Q43: What is standardization?
Why did factory owners want this?
A: reduced options available to
buyers in order to reduce product
cost
Q44: What is laissez-faire?
A: Free market with no government
interference.