UNIT 4: EARLY EXPANSION
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GPS 6
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SUSH6 The student will analyze the nature of territorial and
population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades
of the new nation.
a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration
of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new
states.
b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from
France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.
c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on
the development of a national identity.
d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City,
and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.
e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine.
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EARLY EXPANSION
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GPS 7
SSUSH7 Students will explain the process of economic growth, its
regional and national impact in the first half of the 19th century, and
the different responses to it.
a. Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution as seen in Eli Whitney’s
invention of the cotton gin and his development of interchangeable parts for
muskets.
b. Describe the westward growth of the United States; include the emerging
concept of Manifest Destiny.
c. Describe reform movements, specifically temperance, abolitionism, and
public school.
d. Explain women’s efforts to gain suffrage; include Elizabeth Cady Stanton
and the Seneca Falls Convention.
e. Explain Jacksonian Democracy, expanding suffrage, the rise of popular
political culture, and the development of American nationalism.
ECONOMIC EXPANSION AND
RESULTS
1. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
1)EARLY 1800S
2)POWER DRIVEN MACHINES DRIVEN
BY UNSKILLED AND SKILLED
WORKERS REPLACE HAND-DRIVEN
EFFORTS
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• 3. SUMMARY: The Industrial Revolution
was a period in the late 18th and early
19th centuries when major changes in
agriculture, manufacturing, production,
and transportation had a profound effect
on the socioeconomic and cultural
conditions in Great Britain and eventually
spread to continental Europe, North
America, and eventually the world.
EXPANSION, INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION (I.R.)
• 4. ELI WHITNEY, BEST EX. OF IND. REV.
• 1) INVENTION OF COTTON GIN
• 2) INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS
• 3) WHY IMPORTANT? DISCUSSION
ELI WHITNEY
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Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 –
January 8, 1825) was an
American inventor best known as
the inventor of the cotton gin. This
was one of the key inventions of
the industrial revolution and
shaped the economy of the
antebellum South .
Whitney's invention made short
staple cotton into a profitable crop,
which strengthened the economic
foundation of slavery. Despite the
social and economic impact of his
invention, Whitney lost his profits
in legal battles over patent
infringement, closed his business,
and nearly filed bankruptcy.
ELI WHITNEY
INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS
1. BUILDING OF IDENTICAL
PARTS FOR MACHINES SO
ONLY THE BROKEN PART
WOULD NED TO BE
REPLACE, RATHER THAN
WHOLE MACHINE
2. APPLIED PROCESS TO
BUILDING OF MUSKETS
3. RESULT: MASS
PRODUCTION OF
PRODUCTS
MANIFEST DESTINY
• Manifest Destiny is the historical belief that the United
States was destined and divinely ordained by The God
of Christianity ]to expand across the North American
continent, from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific
Ocean. Sometimes Manifest Destiny was interpreted so
widely as to include the eventual absorption of all North
America: Canada, Mexico, Cuba and Central America. It
has also been used to advocate and justify other
territorial acquisitions, as well as to justify the genocide
of the Native American populations who were standing in
the way of its believers and supporters.
MANIFEST DESTINY
• This painting (circa 1872) by
John Gast called American
Progress, is an allegorical
representation of Manifest
Destiny. Here Columbia,
intended as a personification
of the United States, leads
civilization westward with
American settlers, stringing
telegraph wire as she travels;
she holds a school book. The
different economic activities of
the pioneers are highlighted
and, especially, the changing
forms of transportation. The
Indians and wild animals flee.
REFORM MOVEMENTS DURING
EXPANSION
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1. TEMPERANCE
2. ABOLITION
3. PUBLIC SCHOOL
4. WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
TEMPERANCE
• 1. ISSUE: PEOPLE SHOULD DRINK
LESS; OUTLAW ALCOHOL
• 2. IMPACT:
• 1) MORE PROTESTANT RELIGIOUS
INFLUENCE IN WEST AND RURAL
AREAS
• 2) ROLE OF WOMEN AND WOMEN’S
MOVEMENT
ABOLITION
• 1. ISSUE: END SLAVERY; SHOULD NOT
BE ALLOWED IN NEW STATES
• 2. IMPACT:
• 1) SLAVERY BECOMES POLITICAL
ISSUE
• 2) WOMEN SPEAK OUT…WOMEN’S
MOVEMENT
PUBLIC SCHOOL
• 1. ISSUE: ALL CHILDREN SHOULD ATTEND
FREE SCHOOLS SUPPORTED BY
TAXPAYERS STAFFED WITH TRAINED
TEACHERS.
• 2. IMPACT
• 1) EDUCATION WAS A RIGHT FOR ALL
CHILDREN
• 2) STATE AND LOCAL ISSUE
• 3) IMPROVED SCHOOL QUALITY REQUIRING
TRAINED TEACHERS
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
• 1. SUFFRAGE
• 2. RIGHT TO VOTE
• 3. ELIZABETH CADY STANTON, OUTSPOKEN
ADVOCATE FOR WOMEN’S FULL RIGHTS
(CITIZENSHIP, SUFFRAGE, CUSTODY-PARENTAL)
• 1) 1848, SENECA FALLS CONFERENCE, 1ST
WOMEN’S RIGHTS CONVENTION, NY
• 2) ADOPTED A WOMEN’S DECLARATION OF
INDEPENDENCE
• 3) BEGINNING OF EQUAL RIGHTS MOVEMENT
REFORM, SUFFRAGE
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
(November 12, 1815 – October
26, 1902) was an American
social activist and leading
figure of the early woman's
movement.
• Her Declaration of Sentiments,
presented at the first women's
rights convention held in 1848
in Seneca Falls, New York, is
often credited with initiating the
first organized woman's rights
and woman's suffrage
movements in the United
States.
• ELIZABETH CADY STANTON
PRESIDENT ANDREW JACKSON
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PRESIDENT ANDREW JACKSON
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Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 –
June 8, 1845) was the seventh
President of the United States (1829–
1837). He was military governor of
Florida (1821), commander of the
American forces at the Battle of New
Orleans (1815), and eponym of the era
of Jacksonian democracy.
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An eponym is a person, whether real
or fictitious, after whom a particular
place, tribe, era, discovery, or other
item is named or thought to be named.
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
• 1. STRONGER PRESIDENCY AND EXE. BRANCH
WITH WEAKER LEG.
• 2. EXPANSION OF MALE SUFFRAGE TO ALL WHITE
MALES, NOT JUST LANDHOLDERS
• 3. POLITICIANS SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO APPOINT
FOLLOWERS (FRIENDS) TO JOBS AS A WAY OF
LIMITING THE POWER OF ELITE GROUPS.
• 4. FAVORED MANIFEST DESTINY
• 5. INCREASE IN PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS
• 6. CAMPAIGN RALLIES AND BARBECUES
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
• IN SUMMARY…
• The Jacksonian era saw a
great increase of respect and
power for the common man, as
the electorate expanded to
include all white male adult
citizens, rather than only land
owners in that group. In
contrast to the Jeffersonian
era, Jacksonian democracy
promoted the strength of the
presidency and executive
branch at the expense of
Congress, while also seeking
to broaden the public's
participation in government.
AMERICAN NATIONALISM
DURING JACKSON YEARS
• 1.MOVEMENT WHERE AMERICANS
CONSIDERED THEMSELVES SUPERIOR TO
OTHER NATIONS SINCE MOST WERE
PROTESTANT AND SHARED ENGLISH
LANGUAGE, ANCESTRY, AND CULTURE
• 2.GOAL: EXPAND THIS CULTURE TO
PACIFIC AND REMAKE NORTH AMERICA
• 3. GO USA!!!!!!!