Day 1 Review Vocabulary
1. constitution – a written document
that contains the laws which govern a
nation or state
2. constitutional republic – a
representative form of government
whose representatives derive their
authority from the consent of the
governed, serve for a certain number
of years, and are sworn to uphold the
constitution
3. sovereignty – supremacy of
authority or rule
4. government – the group of people
who control a country and make
decisions about laws, customs, and
political institutions
5. framers – the people who wrote
the U.S. Constitution
6. representative government – a
form of government in which citizens
give authority to
elected representatives
7. consent of the governed – the
authority of a government depends on
the permission of the people, which is
expressed by votes in elections
8. encroach – to take another’s
possessions or rights gradually or
stealthily
9. federal – pertaining to a union of
states under a central government
distinct of the individual state
governments
10. excerpt – a short extract from a
piece of writing
11. warrant – a legal document issued
by a government official authorizing
the police to make an arrest or search
an area
Testing Strategies
• Read through titles of
charts, graphs and
maps- underline,
highlight or circle them.
They can give you help
with the questions!
Sectionalism Review
• Regional Differences (Sectionalism)- North:
Manufacturing; South (Plantations)
• State’s Rights- John C. Calhoun- the theory of
nullification- state has a right to nullify federal law
• Extension of slavery in new western territory
• Failure of Compromise- Missouri Compromise 1820;
Compromise of 1850: Tighter Fugitive Slave Law &
California Admitted as a Free State; Republican Party;
Lincoln-Douglass Debates; Kansas Nebraska Act: Popular
Sovereignty; Dred Scott Decision; John Brown’s Raid
• Emotional Impact of Slavery- Spread of Slavery in the
South; Abolitionists: Harriett Beecher Stowe, William
Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass,
Henry David Thoreau
Day 2 Review Vocabulary
12. amend – change
13. jury – a body of people
sworn to give a legal case on the
basis of evidence
14. nominate – to propose by
name as a candidate, especially
for election
15. delegate – a person
authorized to act as a
representative for another
16. resolution – a solution to fix
a problem
17. negotiate – to try to reach
an agreement or compromise by
discussion with others
18. revenue – income or money
19. primarily – for the most part
20. veto – a constitutional right
to reject a decision or proposal
made by a law-making body
21. due process – the
requirement that the
government must respect all of
the legal rights that are owed to
a person
22. commerce – the activity of
buying and selling on a large
scale
23. unconstitutional – a law that
goes against the Constitution
24. foreign – having to do with
another country outside your
own
Testing Strategies
• Put  next to questions
that you know
• ? By questions you are
unsure of or need to go
back to
Highlight or underline key words in the
question that are in excerpts
• BlackCodes was a name given to laws passed by southern
governments established during the presidency of
Andrew Johnson. These laws imposed severe restrictions
on freedmen, such as prohibiting their right to vote,
forbidding them to sit on juries, and limiting their right to
testify against white men. They were also forbidden from
carrying weapons in public places and working in certain
occupations.
Southern States passed the codes described in this excerpt
to—
F Limit the effects of Reconstruction Amendments
G increase the labor supply for factory jobs in the North
H decrease the number of northern representatives in
Congress
J improve relations with the Democratic Party
Key People Review
People of the Colonies
• Thomas Hooker — Founder of the state of Connecticut,
“Father of American Democracy. Connecticut adopted
the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut sometimes
called the “First written Constitution.”
• William Penn — Established Pennsylvania as a refuge
for Quakers. He sup-ported freedom of worship,
welcomed immigrants, and did not require residents to
serve in a militia.
• Anne Hutchinson — Banished from Massachusetts
colony; one of the founders of Rhode Island
Key People Review
People and Documents that Influenced American Government
• John Locke — Writings on the nature of government influenced the
founding fathers. Government is developed by the consent of the
people and Inalienable rights: Life, Liberty and Property
• Charles de Montesquieu — French political philosopher who defined
the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances in
government.
• William Blackstone — gave the 1st University lectures on English
Common Law.
• George Mason — Writings influenced new government. He believed
in the need to restrict government power and refused to ratify the
constitution till the Bill of Rights was added.
• Magna Carta — Limited the power of the King; guaranteed the right
of trial by jury.
• English Bill of Rights — called for frequent elections; guaranteed right
to bear arms, forbade cruel and unusual punishment; restated trial by
jury.
Key People Review
Leaders of the American Revolution
•
George Washington — Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, President of the Constitutional Convention,
and First US President, Helped create a strong central government.
•
Samuel Adams — Boston Patriot who opposed British taxation. He established the committee of correspondence.
Leader of the Sons of Liberty and insisted a Bill of Rights be added to the Constitution before ratification.
•
Benjamin Franklin — Author, publisher, inventor and diplomat
•
Alexander Hamilton — Author of many of the Federalist Papers; First secretary of treasury, Leader of Federalist Party,
•
Patrick Henry — Patriot from Virginia, opposed ratification of Constitution because of potential limitations on state’s
rights. “Give me Liberty. Or give me death!”
•
James Madison — “Father of the Constitution” one of Three authors of the “Federalist Papers”, author of the “Bill of
Rights”
•
Thomas Paine — Wrote Common Sense and American Crisis, He urged Americans to support the Patriot cause during
the American Revolution.
•
Abigail Adams — Wife of John Adams, known for her stance on women’s rights in letters to her husband.
•
Wentworth Cheswell — Educated African-American Patriot, made the same midnight ride as Paul Revere warning
that the British were coming.
•
Mercy Otis Warren — Patriot writer that supported independence and convinced others to join the cause. First
woman historian of the American Revolution, published plays, books and poetry.
•
James Armistead — African-American spy during the American Revolution. Spied on Lord Cornwallis’ camp.
•
Bernardo de Galvez — Spaniard who held off British in New Orleans, but al-lowed Americans use of the port.
•
Crispus Attucks — American Hero and Martyr of the Boston Massacre
•
Haym Salomon — Polish Jew who spied for Americans and was held as a translator for the Germans by the British.
•
Marquis de Lafayette — French Noble who helped Americans during the Revolutionary War
•
John Paul Jones — Founder of the U.S. Navy. Led raids on British ships and famous for yelling “I have not yet begun
to fight”
•
King George III — King of England during the American Revolution
Key People Review
Leaders of the Early Republic
• George Washington
• John Adams
• Thomas Jefferson
• James Madison
• James Monroe
• Alexander Hamilton
Key People Review
Leaders of Reform and Inventors
• Samuel Morse — Inventor of the telegraph
• Cyrus McCormick- Inventor of the Mechanical Reaper
• Samuel Slater- Brought first textile mill to America
• John Deere — Inventor of the Steel Plow
• Robert Fulton- Inventor of the Steamboat
• Henry Bessemer- Invented the Bessemer Steel Process to help make railroads more efficiently
• Eli Whitney — Invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts
• Dorothea Dix — Reformer who fought to improve the care of the mentally ill and prison reform.
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton- Reformer who work for Women’s Suffrage
• Lucretia Mott- Women’s Rights Reformer
• Susan B. Anthony- Reformer who worked for women’s rights.
• Sojourner Truth- Abolitionist
• Frederick Douglass- Abolitionist
• William Llyoyd Garrison- Abolitionist- wrote an abolitionist newspaper The Liberator
• John James Audubon — Painter of birds and other wildlife. Authored Birds of America which remains the
most comprehensive presentation of American birds today.
• Ralph Waldo Emerson — Writer and poet; popularized the idea of transcendentalism
• Horace Mann- Reformer for public education
• Henry David Thoreau — American essayist, poet, practical philosopher, and transcendentalist. Wrote
“Civil Disobedience” (passive resistance) and supported abolitionism.
Key People Review
• Antebellum/Pre-Civil War/ Sectionalism People
• William Lloyd Garrison-The Liberator– an
abolitionist newspaper–Frederick Douglass and
Sojourner Truth– both born slaves but had
escaped slavery and became leading abolitionist
• Harriett Beecher Stowe– wrote “Uncle Tom’s
Cabin” which portrayed slavery in the South.
• Harriet Tubman — Former slave and conductor of
the Underground Rail-
Key People Review
Civil War
•
Abraham Lincoln– President of The United States during the Civil War. (Emancipation
Proclamation, Gettysburg Address)
•
Jefferson Davis– President of the Confederate States of America. Inaugural address
proclaimed States’ Rights.
•
Ulysses S. Grant– Commanding Union General– won major victories for the Union
(Shiloh and Vicksburg)- defeated Lee’s troops in Virginia and accepted Lee’s surrender
at the Appomattox court hose in 1865
•
Robert E. Lee--Confederate General– commanded the Northern Army of Virginiarespected by Northerners and loved by white southerners– won early victories and
invaded the north twice and lost both times (at Antietam and Gettysburg)surrendered at Appomattox
•
William Carney — 1st African-American awarded the Medal of Honor while serving
with the 54th Massachusetts Regiment during the Civil War. Held the flag at Fort.
Wagner.
•
Philip Bazaar — Navy Seaman who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his valor in
the Battle for Fort Fisher of the American Civil War.
Day 3- Vocabulary
25. domestic – having to do with
your home country
26. rights – that which is due to
anyone by just claim, legal
guarantees, or moral principles
27. colony – a group of people
who leave their native country to
live in a new territory but remain
subject to the parent country
28. settlement – a place newly
settled; a colony
29. significant – important
30. chronological – arranged in
the order of time
31. political – of or involving the
government or land area of a
state or country
32. economic – pertaining to the
production, distribution and
money supply of a country
33. social – of or pertaining to
human society or culture
34. establish – to found,
institute, build, or bring into
being on a firm or stable basis
35. self-government – control of
a government by its own people
36. agriculture – the production
of crops or livestock; farming
37. climate – a. the prevailing
weather conditions of a region; b.
the prevailing attitudes of a group
of people
38. manufacture – the making of
goods by manual labor or using
machinery
Testing Strategies
Review! if you have time.
* Resist the urge turn in your test when you
complete the exam-* Check if you have answered all the
questions, and not made any errors or mismarked any answers
*Go back to questions you marked  ? 
* Erase stray marks and make your bubble dark
and neat
Jackson
Jackson Review
• Vetoed Bank Recharter- Jackson saw the bank as
a monopoly of the wealthy
• Jacksonian Democracy- Increased voting rights
• Nullification Crisis- John C. Calhoun’s nullification
theory; Issue over Tariffs
• Age of The Common Man
• Removal of American Indians- Indian Removal
Act: Removed Tribes East of the Mississippi;
Worcester v. Georgia; Trail of Tears: Thousands
died on journey
Day 4- Vocabulary
39. geography – the study of the
physical land features of the earth
40. migration – the movement of
persons from one country to another
41. assembly – a group of persons
gathered together for a particular
reason
42. Parliament – the legislative body
in England that helps to govern the
country
43. plantation – a large farm or
estate on which a particular crop is
grown
44. cash crops – a crop grown
specifically to be sold for profit
45. revival – a reawakening of
religious passion by means of
evangelistic meetings
46. virtue – goodness
47. harbor – a place on the coast
where ships may find shelter; a port
used to trade and ship goods
48. salutary neglect – the British
“hands-off” policy towards the
American colonies where they
allowed the colonies to govern
themselves and did not interfere in
their affairs; the British also wanted
to benefit from the economic
prosperity of the colonies
49. boycott – refusing to buy
something as a punishment or
protest
50. act – a written law made by the
British Parliament
51. propaganda – information of a
misleading nature used to promote a
particular political cause or point of
view
Testing Strategies
• Predict what the answer is BEFORE you read
the choices.
• You can even cover the answers that way you
mentally answer the question before you even
look at the choices. “I think the answer is…”
Washington’s Farewell Address
• Steer clear of permanent alliances with
foreign nations (stay neutral)
• Avoid Debt
• Avoid forming political parties
Jefferson’s Embargo Act
• British started impressing (kidnapping) US sailors
to help them fight the French
• To avoid war and continue Washington’s
precedent of remaining neutral, Jefferson passed
the Embargo act.
• Under the act, American ships were prohibited
from trading with European nations.
The Monroe Doctrine
• Monroe wanted to continue
America’s longstanding
comitment to neutrality
• He wanted to protect Latin
America’s independence
from Spain
• Monroe announced that the
US would oppose any
attempts by European
powers to establish new
colonies in the Western
Hemisphere (N. S. C
America)
Day 5- Vocabulary
52. levy – to impose (a tax)
53. tyranny – cruel and oppressive
government or rule
54. prohibit – to forbid or prevent
by law, rule, or other authority
55. consent of the governed – the
authority of the government
depends on the permission of the
people
56. debt – the state of owing
something (especially money)
57. allies – a group of nations taking
military actions together
58. revolution – a forcible
overthrow of a government in favor
of a new system
59. independence – freedom from
control or influence of others
(another country)
60. civil disobedience – peacefully
refusing to obey certain laws or to
pay taxes as a form of protest
61. committees of correspondence–
groups of citizens formed throughout
the colonies to coordinate action
against Great Britain
62. Patriot – someone who fought
against the British in support of
American independence
63. Loyalist – someone who
remained loyal to Great Britain
64. repeal – the action of cancelling
a law
65. militia – a military force of
citizens who protect their
community in emergencies
Testing Strategies
• Study!
• You will perform
significantly better if you
set aside time on your
own to review the
content that we have
gone over this year.
• What are some resources
that you can use?
The French and Indian War: The British
and Colonists vs. The French and Indians
Causes
Effects
1. The British wanted
1. Treaty of Paris 1763access to the
France looses all
Profitable Fur Trade
land claims
2. The British want
2. Proclamation of
land in the Ohio
1763- restricted
River Valley
colonists’
3. The British wanted
settlement
to end French power
3. British were in debt
in N. America
so they started
taxing.
The American
Revolution: The British
vs. The Colonists
Causes
1. Taxation without
Representation
(many other
grievances!)
2. 1776- Declaration
of Independence
3. Mercantilism
Effects
1. Independent Nationestablish a
Constitution
2. Treaty of Paris 1783new borders:
Mississippi River and
Atlantic
3. George Washington
becomes a national
war hero (president)
The War of 1812: The British
vs. Americans
Causes
Effects
1. Impressment
(kidnapping) of
American sailors
2. Interference with
American Shipping
$$$$$$$$
3. British support of
American Indian
resistance.
1. No clear winner,
increased
nationalism
2. American
manufacturing
increased
3. Weakened Native
resistance
The Mexican War: Mexico vs. America
Causes
Effects
1. TX Annexation
2. Border Disputes
3. Manifest Destiny
1. Mexican Cession
(CANCUN)
2. Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo- Rio Grande
is the border
3. Gadsden Purchase
4. Increased
Sectionalism
The Civil War: The North (Union) vs.
The South (Confederacy)
Causes
1. Slavery
2. State’s Rights
3. Sectionalism
Effects
1. 13th, 14th, 15th
Amendments
2. Preserved the Union
3. Reconstruction
(Lincoln Assassinated)
Day 6- Vocabulary
67. unalienable rights – rights that
74. navy – the branch of a nation’s
cannot be taken away by the
military that conducts operations at sea
government; life, liberty, and the
75. primary source – a first-hand original
pursuit of happiness (property)
account of an event from someone who
68. civil – of or relating to citizens and was actually there
76. free enterprise – an economic
their concerns
system in which business is freely
69. bias – prejudice for or against one conducted based on the choices of
thing compared with another, usually in individuals who compete against other
businesses; it is mostly free of
a way considered unfair
government control
70. neutral – not choosing sides in a 77. ratify – to approve
conflict
78. compromise – an agreement or
of a dispute that is reached by
71. mercenary – a professional soldier settlement
each side making
hired to serve in a foreign army
concessions (meeting in the middle)
72. artillery – a cannon or large gun
79. inaugurate – to formally admit
to public office, i.e. the
73. guerrilla warfare – the use of hit- someone
President
and-run tactics by small, mobile groups
of soldiers who often fire their weapon
behind cover
Testing Strategy
• Get a good nights sleep
• Eat a breakfast,
preferably something
that will give you
energy and not make
you sleepy
• Drink plenty of water
Dates you need to know
•
•
•
•
•
•
1607
1620
1776
1787
1803
1861-1865
Dates you need to know
• 1607- Jamestown
Virginia, first permanent
English settlement.
• 1620- Arrival of the
Pilgrims at Plymouth and
the Mayflower Compact,
established selfgovernment and majority
rule
• 1776- Adoption of the
Declaration of
Independence
• 1787- Writing of the U.S.
Constitution
• 1803- Louisiana Purchase
• 1861-1865- Civil War
Foundations of Representative
Government
• Magna Carta 1215- the English King was
forced by his barons to promise not to take
away any free man’s property or to imprison
any free man without following procedures
established by the laws of the land. The
“Great Charter” guaranteed individuals the
right to a fair trial by their peers and forced
the king to obtain the consent of the council
of nobles before imposing new taxes.
• English Bill of Rights 1689- After the Glorious
Revolution of 1688, the rights of English
subjects were confirmed by the Bill of Rights.
England’s rulers agreed not to have a standing
army or to impose new taxes without the
permission of Parliament. The English Bill of
Rights also guaranteed trial by jury, the right
to petition Parliament, and other personal
freedoms, as well as freedom of speech and
debate in Parliament.
• The Magna Carta, the rise of Parliament, the
English Bill of Rights all combined to establish
important traditions of individual liberty and
limited government that were familiar to the
English colonists
• Unique conditions in the New World also
played a role in the development of
representative government in the colonies.
• Mayflower Compact• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
• Virginia (VA) House of Burgesses
• Magna Carta
• English Bill of Rights
• Mayflower Compact- Established self government and majority rule
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- written by Thomas Hooker,
stated that government is based on the rights of individual citizens.
It also declared the Connecticut would govern itself. First written
constitution.
• Virginia (VA) House of Burgesses- 1619, First elected assembly
• Magna Carta- Foundations of representative government,
established limited government
• English Bill of Rights-
Colonial Regions
• New England Colonies• Middle Colonies• Southern Colonies-
Day 7- Vocabulary
80. Federalist – those who supported
the Constitution and having a strong
national (federal) government
81. Anti-Federalist – those who opposed
the Constitution; they believed in having
strong state
Governments
82. union – the individual states in
America joined together for a common
purpose
83. political party – a group of people
that tries to promote its ideas and
influence government
84. financial – pertaining or relating to
money matters
85. confederation – a loose union of
states joined together with some political
power vested in a central
authority
86. judiciary – of or relating to the
judicial branch of government
87. judicial review – the principle that
says the Supreme Court has the final say
in interpreting the Constitution
88. unconstitutional – a law that goes
against the principles in the Constitution
89. impressment – the act of kidnapping
and forcing someone into government
service
90. port – a city with a large harbor
where ships can load and unload goods
91. import – to bring goods into a
country from a foreign country for use
and sale
92. export – to send goods abroad from
one country to another country for use
and sale
93. acquire – to buy, obtain, or to gain
possession
Testing Strategy
• Come up with ways to remember things in
order:
• We All Just Made Money Again Jack
Industrialization
• Industrial – related to manufacturing(the making of
goods on a large scale); factory-made, machinemade,
• Revolution – a drastic change in something
Definition
• Industrial Revolution – the process that
completely changed the way in which goods
were produced. Economic and social changes
that took place during the late 1700s and
throughout the 1800s; characterized by the
replacement of hand tools with power-driven
machines (ex. Steam engine)
• Industrialization began with the development
of water and steam powered machinery and
the factory system.
• Samuel Slater – established the first textile, or
cloth production, factory in the U.S.
• Eli Whitney – contributed to industrialization
by developing interchangeable parts
• Industrialization made the mass (large
quantities) production of goods possible in the
U.S. for the first time.
Effects on Society
• The factory system became the main system
of manufactured goods, especially in the
North.
• Cottage industry (making goods at home)
declined.
• Factory workers were unskilled and were
mostly women and children, who worked for
lower wages than men.
Effects (cont.)
• Industrialization caused cities to grow. The
process of people moving from rural areas to
cities is called urbanization.
• Industrialization led to increased immigration.
Factory jobs attracted immigrants, which
increased urbanization.
Reform
• Many Americans were inspired by the Second
Great Awakening, which emphasized the role
of good works in the lives of Christians. This
inspired many reformers.
• Transcendentalist writers like Ralph Waldo
Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, urged
people to question society’s rules and
institutions.
Reform
• Dorthea Dix pioneered the reform of prisons and the
treatment of mentally ill. Her efforts improved the
prison system and created hospitals for the ill.
• Horace Mann led the movement to establish free
public schools, however this mainly took place in the
North.
• The abolition movement started taking place to end
slavery, key leaders were: William Lloyd Garrison,
Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, Frederick Douglass
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton led the movement to gain
suffrage for women as well as equal rights.
Day 8- Vocabulary
94. rural – an area that is
characteristic of the countryside
95. urban – an area that is
characteristic of a town or city
96. sectionalism – placing the
interests of one’s own region
ahead of the interests of the
nation
97. nationalism – a feeling of
pride and loyalty toward one’s own
country
98. efficient – performing in the
best possible manner with the
least waste of time, effort, and
resources
99. industrialization – the
development of industry and
manufacturing on a widespread
scale
100. interchangeable parts – a
part that is exactly like another
part; saves time and money
101. technology – using scientific
knowledge to create machinery
and equipment
102. immigrant – a person who
comes to live permanently in
another country
103. textile – a type of cloth or
fabric
104. factory – a building that
uses machines to manufacture
goods; a mill
Marbury V. Madison
• Just before President John Adams left office,
he appointed John Marshall as Chief Justice of
the US Supreme Court. (Midnight Judges)
• The Supreme Court was often viewed as the
weakest of the three branches, but Marshall
made the Supreme Court a new center of
government power.
Background
• President Adams, just before leaving office
appointed Marbury as a justice of the peace. The
new Secretary of State, James Madison, refused
to deliver his commission (official papers) making
him a justice of the peace. Marbury asked the
Supreme Court to require Madison to deliver his
commission. The first Congress had passed the
Judiciary Act of 1789 to create the lower federal
courts. Marbury argued the act gave the
Supreme Court the power to force Madison to
deliver the Comission.
Significance
• The court ruled that the part of the Judiciary Act
that gave the Supreme Court power to order the
delivery of the Comission went against the
Constitution.
• The Court declared that part of the act to be null
and void. This case established judicial reviewthe right of the Supreme Court to declare law
unconstitutional. This greatly increased the
power of the judiciary by making it the final
authority in interpreting the Constitution.
Gibbons v. Ogden
• America’s Transportation system went through
drastic changes with the invention of the
steam engine.
• The locomotive and the Steam Boat made
transporting goods and people more efficient.
• Along with the efficiency it also made
competition over commerce
Background
• Robert Fulton’s steamboat was able to make a
150 mile trip from New York City to Albany
traveling against the current of the Hudson River
in only 32 hours.
• Soon, steamboats were traveling up and down
the Mississippi and other rivers, carrying both
people and goods.
• During this period, the Supreme Court
encouraged the growth of a national market by
its decision in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden.
• Ogden had been granted a monopoly by New
York State to operate a steamboat between
New York and New Jersey. Gibbons was
granted a similar license by the federal
government. Ogden sued to stop Gibbons
from competing with him. Gibbons appealed
to the Supreme Court.
Decision/Significance
• Marshall ruled that Congress could regulate ferry boats
crossing the Hudson River between NY and NJ as part of its
power under the Constitution to control “interstate
commerce” (trade between states).
• Only the federal government could regularte interstate
commerce, including activities affecting interstate
commerce.
• This established the federal government’s right to regulate
anything that involves commerce between states
• It set the stage for future expansion of Congressional power
over other activities once thought to be under the control
of states.
McCulloch v. Maryland
Background
• In 1818, the MD legislature imposed a tax on the
MD branch of the Second National Bank. The
National Bank was unpopular since it competed
with state banks. MD legislatures hoped that
state taxes on the federal bank would shut down
the MD branch. James McCulloch, the federal
bank’s cashier, did not pay the taxes that the MD
law required, and MD sued for payment. After
the state of MD won the dispute in its own
courts, the case was appealed to the US Supreme
Court.
Decision/Significance
• The case presented two key issues: 1. Does Congress
have the power to create a bank, even though that
power is not specifically mentioned in the Constitution?
2. Does MD have the power to tax an institution of the
federal government?
• Marshall ruled that Congress could indeed charter a
national bank, since this would help Congress carry out
its other powers.
• Marshall said that the “necessary and proper” clause in
the Constitution gives Congress all those powers needed
to carry out its powers listed in the Constitution.
• He also said that since the federal government had the
right to establish the bank, MD had no right to interfere
by taxing it.
Worcester v. Georgia
• Georgia passed a law in 1830 stating that any
white person living among Indians without a
license would be sent to prison.
• State legislatures feared white missionaries were
encouraging Indians to resist removal.
• Samuel Worcester, a missionary, was arrested and
sentenced to prison for four years for living
among the Cherokees.
• Worcester sued for his freedom and his case
went to the Supreme Court.
Decision/Significance
• The ruling stated that the law that GA had
passed was unconstitutional
• Worcester was cleared of charges
Dred Scott v. Sandford
• A Southern Slave, Dred Scott, was taken by his
owner to the North and then back into slavery
in the South.
• Scott sued for his freedom on the grounds
that he had been taken to free soil, therefore,
he should have not been put back into slavery.
Decision/Significance
• Chief Justice Roger Taney read the Supreme Court’s
decision as a “descendant of African born slaves” Dred
Scott was not a citizen, and therefore was not entitled
to bring a lawsuit before the court.
• Taney further asserted the Africans could never
become US citizens since Africans were not included in
the Constitution.
• Taney then ruled that slaves were property, protected
by the Constitution, therefore, the Missouri
Compromise outlawing slavery was unconstitutional.
• Taney’s ruling meant that slavery could spread
Day 9- Vocabulary
105. cottage industry – a
business or manufacturing
activity carried on in a
person’s home
106. manifest destiny – the
belief that the United States
was destined to stretch from
Atlantic to Pacific
107. expansion – the
process of increasing in size
108. transcontinental – (a
railroad) that crosses the
entire land area of the
connected United States
109. secession – to
withdraw from the Union
110. tariff – tax on
imported goods
111. annexation – to take
over a territory and make it
a part of a country (Texas)
112. abolition – against
slavery
113. suffrage – the right to
vote
Bill of Rights 1-5
Bill of Rights 6-10
Bill of Rights
Amendment 1 Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly
Amendment 2 Right to bear arms
Amendment 3 Quartering of soldiers
Amendment 4 Search and arrest
Amendment 5 Rights in criminal cases; Due Process
Amendment 6 Right to a fair trial; criminal cases
Amendment 7 Rights in civil cases
Amendment 8 Bail, fines, punishment
Amendment 9 Rights retained by the People
Amendment 10 States' right
Day 10- Vocabulary
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Acquire – to get
Aspects – parts
Contemporary – existing at the same time
Distinct – separate
Element – part
Execute – to perform or carry out
Facilitate – to bring about
Factor – cause
Implement – to put in place
Incentive – something that leads people to follow a certain course
of action
• Principle – basic belief, rule, or law
• Strategy – a plan of action
Principles of Government
Popular Sovereignty
Individual Rights
Checks and Balances
Federalism
Separation of Powers
Republicanism
Limited Government