The Vascular Plants
Tracheophytes
By: AbubakerAlbach&Hamzah Mohammed
Introduction
 Vascular Plants, otherwise known as
Tracheophytes, are a large group of
plants that first appeared on Earth
around 360 million years ago
 They include conducting tissues
which allow for the transport of
materials through the plant, these
tissues are called xylem and phloem.
 They include most of the modern day
plants and can be split into two sub
groups: Spore Producing and Seed
Producing plants.
Spore Producing Plants
The lesser of the two sub groups in terms of numbers, spore
producing plants used to be large in number millions of years
ago however the numbers since then have lessened
Spore Producing Plants
 During the Carboniferous Period
about 325 million years ago, Spore
Producing plants were much more
common. Today spore producing
plants are made up primarily of club
mosses, horsetails and ferns.
 The club mosses and horsetail are
descendants of a once thriving ancient
plant, however they are now
restricted to mostly growing in
marshes and/or close to streams and
rivers
Spore Producing Plants
(continued)
 Unlike its close relatives, the
horsetails and the club mosses, ferns
are much wider spread and can be
found in tropical forests and even in
the arctic.
 There are over 12 000 different
specimen of ferns. The leaves of ferns
are called fronds. It is under these
that the sporangia can be found which
are tiny containers in which spores
are produced.
 Water is needed for ferns to complete
their life cycle as the sperm need to
swim to the archegonia to fertilize the
eggs.
Fern Life Cycle
Seed Producing Plants
The most successful, and the most abundant of the two subgroups, seed
producing plants have specialized organs to help adapt to their current
environment.
Seed Producing Plants
 Earth’s most successful plants due to
there specialized organs, leafs, stem
and roots.
 The two main groups of seed
producing plants are cones or flowers.
 Both groups use pollination for sexual
reproduction
 Pollination is simply the transfer of
pollen from where it was formed to a
receptive surface, this is done in a
number of different ways.
 Because of pollination seed producing
plants do not require water to
complete their life cycle.
Pollination
Conclusion
 To conclude, we can say that Vascular Plants or
Tracheophytes are a diverse plant group that can be
split into Spore and Seed producing plants.
 They are known as vascular plants because of the
xylem and phloem tissues that transport the
materials throughout the plant.
 They make up the majority of plants found today
Questions
 What is another name for
Vascular Plants?
 What are the two tissues Vascular
Plants use to transport material?
 What are the three types of spore
producing plants?
 How do seed producing plants
reproduce?
Thank You!!!