Introduction to Digital Manufacturing
Part 1: An Overview of the Digital Manufacturing
Vukica Jovanovic
Mechanical Engineering Technology
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Digital Manufacturing: Define Basic Parts
Unit 3
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CAD: Computer-Aided Design
• The use of computer technology
to aid in the design of a product
– 2D vector base drafting systems
– 3D solid and surface modelers
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CAD Software
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Animation
AutoCAD Add-ons – Mechanical
Parts and Details
MCAD Programs
Sheet Metal Design
Specialized MCAD Programs
Surface Modeling
Tolerance Analysis
Viewers
Virtual Prototyping
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CAM: Computer-Aided Manufacturing
Typical areas of concern:
• High Speed Machining: streamlining of tool paths
• Multi-function Machining
• 5 Axis Machining
Mold and Tooling Example
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Tool path generation
CAPP: Computer Aided Process Planning
• To prepare:
– Detailed set of plans
– Instructions to produce a part
• Begins with
– Engineering drawings
– Specifications
– Parts or material lists
– Forecast of demand
• The results of the planning are:
– Routings
– Process plans
– Fabrication & assembly drawings
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Factory Layout Planning
• Creation of layout from 3D models for:
– Virtual 3D models: sales personnel
– Photo-realistic images or animation
– Potential customers
– BOM: basis for price calculations
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Ergonomics
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Design tasks and work areas
Maximize the efficiency and quality of employees’ work
To enhance user safety and comfort
To improve the ergonomics of product designs
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Off-line Robot Programming
• Takes place on a computer
• Models of the workcell:
– robot, pieces and surroundings
• Reuse of existing CAD data
• The robot programs are verified in simulation
• Errors are corrected
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Production Process Simulation
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Define problems & identify bottlenecks
Validation of proposed implementations under time constraints
Capacity Planning
Lead time reduction
Work in progress reduction
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Product Lifecycle Management Systems
The process of managing the entire lifecycle
• From its conception
• Through design and manufacture
• To service and disposal
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Current Information Model
Source: Grieves, M. (2006). Product Lifecycle Management: Driving the Next Generation of Lean
Thinking. New York, McGraw-Hill.
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PLM Information Model
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Analysis Software: Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
• Computer simulation technique used in engineering analysis
• Numerical technique
• Based on an energy principle such as
– The virtual work principle or
– The minimum total potential energy principle
Leading products
ANSYS
ABAQUS
LUSAS
LS-DYNA
NASTRAN
SAMCEF
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References
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Answers.com, Ergonomics, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.answers.com/topic/ergonomics?cat=biz-fin
BrianKleve.com, CATIA Image Gallery, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.briankleve.com/gallery.htm
Camelot Robotics, Robot Programming, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.camelot.dk/Offvson.aspx
Delmia, Process Engineer, 2002, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.delmia.com/gallery/pdf/Process_Engineer.pdf
Deneb, System Simulation Solutions, Simulation Services, (2004), Retrieved in Nov. 2007
from: http://www.deneb.com.au/simulation-services/default.asp
Grieves, M.W. (2006) Product Lifecycle Management Driving the Next Generation of Lean
Thinking, Retrieved in Nov. 2007:
http://corestrategies.com/en/docs/casestudies/plm_cross_functional.pdf
Grieves, M.W. (2006). Product Lifecycle Management: Driving the Next Generation of Lean
Thinking. New York, McGraw-Hill.
igm Robotic Systems, Inc, (2002), Off-Line Teaching, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.igmusa.com/ips.htm
Kenneth Crow, Computer-Aided Process Planning, DRM Associates, 1992, Retrieved in
Nov. 2007 from: http://www.npd-solutions.com/capp.html
Product Lifecycle Management Center of Excellence
References
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Stark, John (1 edition (August 27, 2004)). Product Lifecycle Management: 21st century
Paradigm for Product Realisation (Hardcover). Springer.
Tecnomatix fact sheet, Digital manufacturing for automotive suppliers , Retrieved in Nov.
2007: http://www.ugs.com/en_us/Images/wp_tec_auto_supplier_dig_tcm53-4928.pdf
Tecnomatix fact sheet, Process Simulate on Teamcenter, Retrieved in Nov. 2007:
http://www.ugs.com/en_us/Images/fs_tx_process_simulate_tc_tcm53-41021.pdf
TenLinks, Inc. ,Ultimate CAD Directory, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.tenlinks.com/CAD
TenLinks, Inc. ,Ultimate CAD Directory, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.tenlinks.com/CAD/MCAD/products/index.htm
Vicinay cadenas, S.A., Research and Development – Engineering, FEM - Finite Element
Modeling, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://www.vicinaycadenas.net/en/desarrollo/desarrollo1.asp?idfam=3%7C18
Wikipedia, CAM: Computer-Aided Manufacturing, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_manufacturing
Wikipedia, Finite element analysis, Retrieved in Nov. 2007 from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_element_analysis
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Acknowledgments
The author wishes to acknowledge the support from the
Workforce Innovation in Regional Economic Development
(WIRED) Opportunity Fund for North Central Indiana DOL Grant
Agreement #: HG-15848-07-60 for “Development of Integrated
Digital Manufacturing Curriculum.”
The author wishes to acknowledge the support from the National
Science Foundation – Advanced Technology Education Program,
NSF Grant # 0603362 for “Midwest Coalition for Comprehensive
Design Education.”
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