Catalyst 8/27/13
Please take out your homework (1.3) so I may give
you credit for it (you’re not passing it up this time)
On your Catalyst Sheet, please answer (don’t copy
the questions):
1. What are the horizontal rows and the vertical
columns called on a periodic table?
2. How is the periodic table arranged? Why is it
arranged this way?
Announcements
1. Write down today’s homework:
Homework: 1.4 – The Octet Rule and Ions due
Wednesday
2. Quiz on LTs 1.1-1.4 on Wednesday!
Lab Reports
• Someof you did not turn in your lab reports!
– So right now some of you have NPs!
– Remember, lab reports are weighted 3
– I will give you all 2 weeks from today to turn in all
late lab reports
Lab Reports: What I Saw
GOOD
• Introductions were nice
(included title, statement of
problem, and hypothesis)
• Methods were usually in own
words, paragraph form, and
summarized the procedure
well
NOT SO GOOD
• Data & Analysis section
missing data table & graphs!
• Most conclusions barely
covered any of the points on
the template and were not indepth
1.3 Homework Solutions
Lecture 1.4 – Electron Configurations
and the Octet Rule
Today’s Learning Target
• LT 1.4 (part 1) – I can determine the number of
valence electrons for an element and draw a
Bohr electron configuration for an element.
How do you draw Bohr diagrams?
I. Essential Point
• Atoms do not have a charge
• Neutral atoms have equal numbers of protons
and electrons.
• So, atomic number also tells us the number of
electrons.
II. Periodic Table Nomenclature
• Groups – Vertical columns on the Periodic
Table
• Periods – Horizontal rows on the Periodic Table
• Periods Push Across
• Groups Go Down
Bohr Model of the Atom
III. Electron Orbits
• The first orbit holds 2 electrons
• Every other orbit after the first orbit holds 8
electrons.
IV. Valence Electrons
• Valence Electrons – The number of electrons
that are in the outermost electron orbit
Class Example
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
lithium. Determine the number of valence
electrons.
Table Talk
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
sodium. Determine the number of valence
electrons.
Stop and Jot
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
potassium. Determine the number of valence
electrons.
SHORTCUT!
• All elements in the same group (1A, 2A, etc.)
have the same number of valence electrons.
SUMMARIZE
Gallery Walk
• There are 8 problems posted
around the room.
• You and your partner must
complete all 8 as a team.
• When completed, show to
Mr. Pan
• You must complete all 8
problems.
Gallery Walk Answers
What is the Octet Rule?
I. The Octet Rule
• Atoms like to have a full outer valence shell
• They will gain or lose electrons to have an outer
orbit with 8 electrons (or 2 if it is the first
energy level).
• Gain/lose based on what is easiest.
Class Example
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
beryllium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.
Table Talk
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
magnesium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.
Stop and Jot
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
calcium after it has satisfied the Octet Rule.
Octet Rule SHORTCUT!
• All elements in the same group gain/lose the
same number of valence electrons.
What are the types of ions that can
form?
I. Ions
• When atoms gain/lose electrons, they gain a
charge.
• Ion – An charged atom due to unequal number
of protons and electrons
• Cation – A positively charged ion
• Anion – A negatively charged ion
Cats make people feel positive
Class Example
• Determine the ion that forms for fluorine after
the Octet Rule has been satisfied.
Table Talk
• Determine the ion that forms for nitrogen after
the Octet Rule has been satisfied.
Stop and Jot
• Determine the ion that forms for oxygen after
the Octet Rule has been satisfied.
Ion Shortcut!
• All elements in the same group form ions with
the same charge.
SUMMARIZE
The Octet Rule Song
Rally Coach
1) Each of you will pair up with the person that is across
from you.
2) Pick who is Partner A and who is Partner B.
3) You will grab a whiteboard and a marker.
4) When I say go. Partner A will read the question aloud
to Partner B. Then, Partner A will walk Partner B
through the steps that need to be taken to get the
final answer. MAKE SURE TO DO ALL THE STEPS!
5) I will call time after 30 seconds and each pair will raise
their board in the air.
6) After I ask groups about your answers, the partners
switch roles and Partner B does the questioning and
reasoning and Partner A does the writing.
Question 1
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
Neon.
Question 2
• Draw the Bohr electron configuration for
Sulfur
Question 3
• Determine the number of electrons
Phosphorus would gain or lose to satisfy
the octet rule.
Question 4
• Determine the number of electrons
magnesium would gain or lose to satisfy
the octet rule.
1.4 Homework
• Spend 5 minutes to get started on your
homework and pratice for the exit slip.
Exit Slip
1. How are elements arranged on
the periodic table? Why? (answer
in complete sentences)
2. Draw the Bohr structure for
Phosphorus
3. How many electrons must this
phosphorus atom gain/lose to
satisfy the Octet Rule? What will
the charge of its ion be?
4. What is wrong with the drawing
to the right?
Exit Slip Answers
1. Elements are arranged by increasing atomic
number on the periodic table. The reason is
because the atomic number makes each
element unique.
Exit Slip Answers
2.
Exit Slip Answers
3. The phosphorus atom must gain 3 electrons to
satisfy the octet rule. The charge of the ion is 3- or
-3.
4. The drawing on the right should have 8
electrons in the second shell (and none on the
third). The 5 electrons on the outside should be in
this second shell instead.
Rate Yourself
• Based on the exit ticket and your current level
of understanding, rate yourself 1 – 4 on LT 1.4
• Also, please rate yourself on LT 1.1 – 1.3
Reminders!
1. Write down today’s homework:
Homework: 1.4 – The Octet Rule and Ions due
Wednesday
2. Quiz on LTs 1.1-1.4 on Wednesday!