Lecture # 6
Topic: Land & the People of Pakistan III
• Recap of lecture # 5
• Background &Location of Pakistan
• Land boundaries & Border countries: Afghanistan,
China , India, Iran ,Coast line
• Climate
• Natural resources
• Current Environmental Issues
Cont.
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Natural Hazards
Government
Export commodities
Imports commodities
TV and Radio station
Agriculture, fishing, forestry & mining
International agreements
Now Today’s topic
Annual Rainfall- Its Distribution and types
• Rainfall in Pakistan is mostly brought by the
following Types of winds in different periods during
the year:
i. Convectional rain in early summer
ii. Monsoonal or relief rain in summer from south
west monsoon
iii. Cyclonic rain caused by depressions brought along
the prevailing westerly winds in the cool seasons.
Seasons
• Hot Season – April to June
• Rainy Season – July to September
• Cool Season – October to March
Rural and Urban Areas
• Pakistan is an agricultural country and 80 % of its
people form the rural population of the country,
• The villages, towns and small cities form the rural
areas of Pakistan
• Their main profession is cultivation and ploughing
Differences between Rural and Urban Way of Life
• The rural and urban life differs in a number of ways.
For an agricultural country like Pakistan, it is
essential to understand how and why life in rural
and urban areas differs.
• 1. Function
Villages and towns differ in function. Villages are
usually engaged in primary activities, including
farming, animal keeping, loading, fishing etc.
Cont.
• Towns are engaged in secondary activities, like
manufacturing, trade, transport,
telecommunications, education, medical treatment
and other activities.
Cont.
• However, these two sets of activities are not
exclusively confined to rural and urban areas.
Shops, transportation services, educational and
medical facilities are found in rural areas, too.
• But less facilities of modern life, are available in
villages as compare to town and cities.
Cont.
• In urban areas, on the other hand, relationships tend to
be impersonal; urban areas are thickly populated that
most people do not even know who their neighbors
are. This is case in large urban centers like Karachi and
Islamabad.
• Lifestyle
Some specialists believe that lifestyle is a distinguishing
feature of villages and towns. According to them, close
contact with other members of the community is a
distinctive feature of rural life. The inhabitants of a
village, for example, usually know each other personally.
Cont.
• However, even in modern cities, there are pockets
in the city where people who belong to the same
community or village live. In such areas people
know each other and have closer contact with their
neighbors.
• In small towns, which are in reality overgrown
villages, most people known one another as well.
Cont.
• It is also argued that while village life is traditional,
urban life is rational. This is not entirely the case in
Pakistan. Most of the urban population in Pakistan
has a strong rural background. Although the use of
urban facilities changes their way of living, it does
not change their way of thinking much.
Cont.
• In Pakistan, the lifestyles of the rich and poor differ
far more than the lifestyles of city and village
dwellers. The objective application of lifestyle as a
factor for distinguishing between villages and towns
is therefore difficult.
Cont.
• Population
• Another factor used to distinguish between villages
and towns is population. Although this opinion is
applied in many countries, there is no agreement
on size. In Canada, for example, a settlement with a
population of more than 1,000 is considered urban,
in Japan more than 30,000 and in Pakistan, 5,000.
Cont.
• Pakistan, a settlement can also call itself a town if it
has a two committee or cantonment that controls
electricity, the water supply and drainage. For
example, Ziarat in Baluchistan had a population of
619 in 1998, but it was still classified as a town
because it had these services. However, there are
only ten towns with populations of less than 5,000
out of a total 478 urban centers in Pakistan.
Important Cities of Pakistan
• Rawalpindi-Islamabad
a. Famous for: General Headquarters of the Pakistan
Army, Air and Naval Headquarters
b. Cotton and textile mills, steel mills and oil refineries.
c. Quality educational Institutions
d. Only hill resort in Punjab-Murree
e. Beautiful place (Margallah hills)and pleasant climate
Cont.
• Karachi
Karachi is famous for:
a. Capital city of the province Sind and the largest city of
Pakistan
b. Coast line & Sea ports
c. Trade, Industry, education and other fields of life
d. Beautiful beaches- hawks Bay
e. International Airport
f. Quaid –i- Azam was born in Karachi
g. Steel Mill
Cont.
• Lahore is famous for:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Capital city of the province of Punjab
Historical city
Lahore resolution 1940 & Minar-i-Pakistan
City of Colleges
City of Gardens
Commercial and trade center
Number of Newspapers, journals and magazines
published from Lahore
Cont.
• Peshawar is famous for:
a. Peshawar is the capital city of Khyber
Pakhtunkhawa.
b. Khyber pass
c. Historical city
d. Qissa Khawani Bazar
e. Famous educational Institutions
Cont.
• Quetta is famous for:
a. Quetta is the provincial capital of Baluchistan
b. Bolan Pass, Hanna lake and Urak valley
c. Staff College
d. Important center of Baluchistan
e. Educational Institutions
f. Strategic importance
g. Fruit producing city
Provincial Setup of Pakistan
• History: In 1947 Pakistan was consist on two
provinces, East Pakistan and west Pakistan.The
Eastern part was separated from the rest of the
country in 1971.
• The Present Pakistan which consists of the western
part of the country, comprises of four provinces and
a number of Tribal ares.
• The tribal areas are situated in the extreme north of
the country.
Cont.
• These provinces are further sub-divided into divisions.
• And divisions into districts and sub-divisions for
administrative purposes.
• Every district is divided into tehsil while the tehsils
consist on several villages.
• Before partition Punjab, East and west Punjab, consist
of 28 districts, Eleven districts fell in Easteran Punjab,
which declared as part of India, and 17 districts were
included in the Western Punjab which fell in Pakistan.
Cont.
• This distribution of districts remained unchanged till
1956 when scheme of One Unit was introduced in
Pakistan
• One Unit was dissolved by President Yahya Khan in
1969 and Punjab once again got the status of a
province.
• At that time three new districts were announced
and after this many new districts announced till
1991.
Baluchistan & KPK
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There are 29 districts in Baluchistan.
Baluchistan has the lowest population density.
Quetta is the biggest city of Baluchistan
KPK has 24 districts
The urban population in the province has increased
Peshawar is the biggest city of KPK
Sind & Punjab
• Sind is called the gift of the Indus.
• It is known as Babul Islam because of Muhammad
bin Qasim. It is the land of sufis, saints and poets.
• The province has 27 districts
• The word Punjab means the land of the five rivers.
• It is the biggest province of the country
• Punjab has 35 districts
Northern Areas
• Northern Areas or Gilgit –Baltistan is the
northernmost region of Pakistan.
• It has six districts.
• Five peaks of the world are in the northern areas of
Pakistan
• World’s largest glaciers are in Northern areas such
as Baltoro & Hipsar.
• K-2, 2nd highest mountain of the world is in
Northern areas.
Social life in Pakistan
• And above all, we boost of a strong social unit.
• Our family system is strongest in the world where we
respect our elders and do not abandon them to old
homes.
• We in Pakistan, have a social setup where a
father/grandfather is usually considered a figure of
authority and this helps keeps things balanced at home.
• Pakistan is the best place to be when you are in your
old age. we have a country that make us, Pakistanis,
everywhere proud. So stand up and tell the world,
“We are proud to be a Pakistani”.
Physical Environment forms Human Environment
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Physical Environment
Natural Resources:
water Sources: Rivers, Glaciers, Ground Water
Land Forms :Mountain, Valleys, Plateaus, Plains,
Deserts
• Climate: Temperature, Rainfall, Pressure, Humidity
• Minerals: Metallic, Non-Metallic
• Natural Vegetation: Forests
Cont.
Human Resources:
• Industry
• Agriculture
• Mining
• Settlement
• Transport
• Trade
Summery
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Annual Rainfall- Its Distribution and types,
Seasons,
Rural and Urban Areas,
Differences between Rural and Urban Way of Life,
Important Cities of Pakistan,
Provincial Setup of Pakistan
Social life in Pakistan
“We are proud to be a Pakistani”.