PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN
POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE
LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN,
CHAIRMAN, NDMA
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
11
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
22
PAKISTAN’S HAZARDS
VULNERABILITIES
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
3
DROUGHT
FLOODS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
OIL SPILLS
FOREST FIRES
44
TSUNAMIS
CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
TRANSPORTATION
ACCIDENTS
INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
55
LAND SLIDES
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
66
EARTHQUAKE
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
77
1935
1905
1803
1833 1934 1897
1945
1819
2001
1950
1737
1881 1941
EARTHQUAKES OF GREATER THAN M=7.5
OCCURRED IN THE REGION
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
88
EARTHQUAKE IN PAKISTAN – 1892
6.8 MAGNITUDE
Chaman: Balochistan
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
99
EARTHQUAKE KANGRA 1905
7.8 MAGNITUDE
Himachal Pradesh
19,727
Town Hall Lahore
Before
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
After
10
10
EARTHQUAKE IN QUETTA – 1935
7.7 MAGNITUDE
Railway Station
35,000 deaths
Lytton Road 35,000 deaths
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
11
11
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
12
12
SEISMIC ZONES OF PAKISTAN
EARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
13
13
TSUNAMIS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
14
14
TSUNAMI - 1945
(MAKRAN COAST)
PASNI
21 Nov
21: 56 UTC
Pasni
Karachi
8.3
Wave Height 40 ft
Casualties 4000
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
15
15
EARTHQUAKE 2005
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
16
16
TOTAL POPULATION : 3.5 M
7.6
Kalam
FAULT LINE 100
KM LONG
Gilgit
Pattan
Mingora
•HUMAN LOSS
Kaghan
Batgram
-
73,338
Balakot
GHB
Mardan
•INJURED
Peshawar
Mansehra
Abbotabad
Mzd
-
1,28,309
Bagh
Arja
•FAMILIES AFFECTEDIsd
500,000
Rwkt
Rwp
AREA AFFECTED-30,000 SQ KM
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
17
17
DAMAGES DUE TO EARTHQUAKE
CATEGORY
DESTROYED/
DAMAGED
TOTAL
HOUSES
6,00,152
7,669
7,87,583
1,1456
EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTES
HEALTH
INSTITUTES
ROADS
18,095 STUDENTS DEAD
574
782
4,429 KMs
1,1963 KMs
(37.02 %)
 MOST OF THE UTILITIES LIKE TELECOM, WATER SUPPLY &
ELECTRICITY WERE OUT OF ORDER
 200 MILLION TONS DEBRIS TO BE MANAGED
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
18
18
PRE - EARTHQUAKE - 05
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

THE RELIEF COMMISSIONERATE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF THE
CALAMITY ACT OF 1958 MEANT FOR PROVIDING RELIEF
ASSISTANCE UNDER THE OLD ARRANGEMENT

UNDER THE 1973 RULES OF BUSINESS, THE SUBJECT OF
DISASTER RELIEF WAS ASSIGNED TO THE ERC OF THE CABINET
DIVISION

CRISIS MANAGEMENT CELL OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR WAS
CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF COORDINATION OF
EMERGENCIES

THE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR
MAINTAINING NORMAL LIFE ACTIVITIES/ ITS RESTORATION
WITHOUT DELAY, IF DISTURBED DUE TO ENEMY ACTION OR
NATURAL CALAMITIES
The focus of the above institutional arrangements
remained primarily on post disaster response
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
19
19
EARTHQUAKE – 2005
AND FORMATION OF FEDERAL RELIEF
COMMISSION (FRC)
MANDATE. “THE “FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSION” SHALL
CO-ORDINATE AND MONITOR THE RELIEF EFFORTS. HE
SHALL REPORT DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER. ALL
AGENCIES
CONCERNED
WITH
THE
RELIEF
AND
REHABILITATION EFFORTS, INCLUDING CABINET, HEALTH,
INTERIOR,
FOREIGN
AFFAIRS,
COMMUNICATION
AND
INFORMATION DIVISIONS SHALL FUNCTION THROUGH HIM
AND FORM A PART OF THE TEAM. ARMED FORCES SHALL
ALSO BE A PART OF THE TEAM”
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
20
20
DISASTER MANAGEMENT SPECTRUM
• PSYCHO, PHYSICAL TRAUMA
• SOCIO- ECONOMIC FALL OUTS
• DISPLACED PEOPLE
• MULTI-LATERAL
RECONST
• IMPLICATIONS OF
DIMENSIONS
• ALL SPHERE OF LIFE
• INSTITUTIONS
DEVASTATION AND
• INFRASTRUCTURE
DESTRUCTION
• SOCIETY, FACILITIES
• EVACUATIONS
• DAMAGE CONTROL
• HEALTH, FOOD, SHELTER
CONSEQUENCE
MGMT, RESCUE &
REL
RESPONSE
MECHANISM
REC & REHAB
•RELIEF LOGISTICS
•RESTORATIONS
•SOCIAL/CIVIC ORDER
•REVIVAL OF SYSTEMS
•BUILDING CAPACITIES
PREP & MITIGATION
• INSTITUTION AND LEGAL ARRANGEMENTS
• HAZARD AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
• TRAINING, EDUCATION AND AWARENESS
• MULTIHAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
• EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
• CAPACTIY DEVELOPMENT
21
21
COORDINATION MECHANISM
FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSIONER
MILITARY
COMPONENT
ARMY
FMNS LOG
AVN
PAF
MED
ISPR ENGRS
PUBLIC/VOLUNTEERS
EXPATRIATES
STRATEGIC
LEADERS
GROUP
CIVILIAN
COMPONENT
UN/US/NATO
MINISTRIES
INTL ORGs/NGOs
GOVT DEPTS
WB/ IDB/
ADB /IMF
PROVINCES
FOREIGN SP
PIA, RAILWAYS, NLC,
WAPDA, UTILITY STORES,
PTCL, SCO, ERC, NCMC
PHILANTHROPIST
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
22
22
FOREIGN
COUNTRIES
DOMESTIC
SOURCES
IOs/NGOs
BY AIR/RD/TRAIN
Base
Base
National
Response Concept
Base
FWD BASES
BY AIR/HEL/ROAD
DISTRIBUTION POINTS
NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES
•FORWARD TO REAR ------ HIGHER TO LOWER
•HUTMENTS, HAMLETS, HOUSES LEVEL OP
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
HELs, ANIMAL
TRANSPORT
MAN PACK ,
LIGHT VEHICLES
23
23
RESCUE, RELIEF & RECOVERY
CLUSTER APPROACH
HEALTH -- WHO
HEALTH
SHELTER -- IOM
FOOD
LOGISTICS -- WFP
EARLY RECOVERY -- UNDP
LOGISTICS
CAMP MANAGEMENT - UNHCR
WATER, SANITATION- UNICEF
SAFETY, SECURITY -UNDSS
EDUCATION
PROTECTION
FOOD/NUTRITION
WFP, UNICEF
PROTECTION, EDUCATION
SHELTERS
CAMP MANAGEMENT
UNICEF
INFO, TELECOMM
INFRASTRUCTURE
WFP, UNICEF
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
24
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
25
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
 MOVE BEYOND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND EGOS
 CREATE INTER AGENCIES & MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL
LIAISON MECHANISM
 DE-CONFLICTING CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL
DOMAINS AND SPHERES
 HARMONIZE POLICIES AND RULES OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS
 ONE ROOF/ONE WINDOW OPERATION AT STRAT /
OPERATIONAL LEVELS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
26
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
NEED FOR A PERMANENT
LEAN
STRUCTURE
FLEXIBLE
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
FOCUSED
APPROACH
CAPACITIES
27
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
 CREATE STRONG LINK BETWEEN MEDIA,
AFFECTEES AND THE WORLD COMMUNITY
 THEIR JOB BE FACILITATED BY SHARING
DATA AND INGRAINING THEM INTO THE
RELIEF ORGANIZATION
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
28
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
QUICK & SMOOTH RESPONSE
 HAVE SOPs
 ESTABLISH COORDINATION CENTERS
 SHARE INFORMATION
 USE COMMON DATABASE
 TRAIN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS
(REDUCING TIME OF EXECUTION CAN REDUCE THE COST OF
MANAGING A CATASTROPHE)
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
29
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
 CAPACITY BUILDING IN S&R.
CAPACITY
BUILDING
THROUGH
EXPERTISE, EQUIPMENT & TRAINING
FOR SEARCH, RESCUE AND DEBRIS
REMOVAL TASKS
 PROMPT
SMOOTH
DECISION
FIELD
CONTINUOUS
MAKING.
OPERATIONS
ANALYSIS
NEED
OF
IMPEDIMENTS AND PROMPT DECISION
MAKING
TO
ADJUST
MICRO
STRATEGIES
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
30
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
DEPENDENCY SYNDROME
 UPLIFT
COMMUNITIES
FROM
CYCLE OF DEPENDENCY INTO
SELF-RELIANCE
 REGENERATION
OF
SOCIAL
AND CULTURAL COHESION
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
31
LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005
WIDE RANGING DISASTER MANAGEMENT
STRATEGY
 LIKELY SCENARIOS
 DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES
 CAPACITY BUILDING GUIDELINES
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT. TO MAKE RELIEF
PROCESS SELF-SUSTAINING LOCAL COMMUNITIES,
NOTABLES, POLITICAL LEADERS AND LOCAL GOVT
REPRESENTATIVES BE DOVETAILED
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
32
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
33
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
NATIONAL
DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE
2006/7

PROMULGATED IN DEC 2006

CALLS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF DM ENTITIES AT
FEDERAL, PROVINCIAL AND DISTRICT LEVELS

NDMC HEADED BY THE PM (POLICY MAKING BODY) AND
NDMA AS EXECUTIVE ARM

NDMA RESPONSIBLE TO MANAGE COMPLETE SPECTRUM
OF DM AT NATIONAL LEVEL

FOR DM, ALL AGENCIES - FOREIGN OR DOMESTIC - SHALL
WORK THROUGH NDMA
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
34
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
DIFFERENT TIERS OF THE SYSTEM
National Disaster Management Commission (NDMC)
National Disaster
Management Authority (NDMA)
Federal Ministries,
Departments, Technical Agencies
Provincial/ Regional
Disaster Management Commission (PDMCs)
Provincial/ Regional
Disaster Management Authorities (PDMAs)
Media, Banks, Insurance &
Private sector
District/ Municipal
Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs)
Donors, UN, NGOs, Media
Tehsil Structures
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
35
35
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
 NDMC
 MEMBERS:
PRIME MINISTER, OPPOSITION LEADER, PROVINCIAL
CHIEF MINISTERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY REPRESENTATIVES
 FUNCTIONS
LAYS
DOWN POLICIES AT NATIONAL LEVEL
APPROVES
ENSURE
NATIONAL DM FRAMEWORK AND PLAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL RESPONSE
 NDMA (EXECUTIVE ARM OF NDMC)
 SECRETARIAT
 MANAGES
 MAP
COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT NATIONAL LEVEL
ALL HAZARDS IN THE COUNTRY
 ORGANIZE
 ACT
TO NDMC
TRAINING AND AWARENESS RAISING ACTIVITIES
AS GOP’s FOCAL POINT FOR DEALING WITH NATIONAL AND
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
36
36
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
NDMA
ORGANOGRAM
Chairman
SO
Dir Ops/
Coord Prep
Aviation
Wing
Dir HR &
Procurement
Dir Finance &
Accounts
Military
Wing
SUMMARY
•Officers
•Supporting Staff
Total
- 26
- 85
- 111
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
Ops
Wing
Avn
Med
Log
Co-opted
Members
Recovery &
Rehabilitation/
Re-const
Wing
Ops
Centre
Engrs
Ops
37
37
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
PDMC
 MEMBERS. CHIEF MINISTER, LEADER OF OPPOSITION & A
NOMINEE OF THE LEADER OF OPPOSITION

FUNCTIONS. SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS
OF NDMC AT NATIONAL LEVEL
PDMA
 SECRETARIAT OF PDMC
 DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT PROVINCIAL
LEVEL
 PERFORMS SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF
NDMA AT NATIONAL LEVEL
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
38
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
DDMA

ACTS AS FIRST RESPONDER

DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT DISTRICT
LEVEL

IMPLEMENT NATIONAL / PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND
STRATEGIES AT DISTRICT LEVEL

MOBILIZES RESOURCES AT DISTRICT LEVEL

GIVE DIRECTIONS/GUIDELINES TO DISTRICT DEPARTMENTS
/ ORGANIZATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF
DISASTERS
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
39
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
NATIONAL
DISASTER
FRAMEWORK
RISK
MANAGEMENT
NINE PRIORITY AREAS IDENTIFIED
 ESTABLISH AND
CAPACITIES)
STRENGTHEN
(INSTITUTIONS
AND
 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT
 TRAINING
 AWARENESS
 MULTI HAZARD EWS
 MAINSTREAMING DRR INTO DEVELOPMENT
 COMMUNITY BASED DRR INITIATIVES
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEMS
 CAPACITY
RECOVERY
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
DEVELOPMENT
FOR
POST
DISASTER
40
POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
NDMF
 TO BE UTILIZED TO DEAL WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF
DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
 PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO
ESTABLISH SIMILAR FUNDS UNDER THE RESPECTIVE
PDMAS
NIDM
 CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
 WILL CATER FOR DOMESTIC / REGIONAL TRAINING AND
RESEARCH NEEDS
 DRM
COURSES
STARTED
UNDER
THE
NIDM
WHILE
INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE
WILL BE INITIATED SHORTLY
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
41
KEY DRM INITIATIVES
 NATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING FOR
DRM PROJECT
 HRD FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
 DRM PLANNING
 DRR MAINSTREAMING
 COMMUNITY
BASED
DISASTER
RISK
MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
 RESPONSE PROJECT – PEER & USAR
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
42
KEY DRM INITIATIVES
 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR 2009-10
 FULL OPERATIONALIZATION OF PDMAS AND DDMAS
IN 50 HIGH RISK DISTRICTS
 COMPLETION
EXERCISE
OF
 RISK
SENSITIVE
PLANNING
NATIONAL
RISK
DEVELOPMENT
ASSESSMENT
POLICY
AND
 COMMUNITY BASED MITIGATION PROGRAMMES IN 50
DISTRICTS
 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN DRM
 RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
43
KEY DRM INITIATIVES
Contingency Plans
Winter Contingency Plan
Cyclone Contingency Plan (for Karachi City)
Monsoon Contingency Plan 2007-2008
Marine Oil/Chemical Spill Contingency Plan
Industrial & Chemical Accidents Contingency Plan (advanced
stage of finalization)
Technical Contingency Plan
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
44
KEY DRM INITIATIVES
COMPOSITE RISK ASSESSMENT PROJECT
 MAPPING OF HAZARD RISKS IN PAKISTAN
 DEVELOP GUIDELINES & STANDARDS FOR RESPONSE
 EQUIP
NATIONAL
AND
PROVINCIAL
EMERGENCY
OPERATION CENTRES WITH ESSENTIAL IT EQUIPMENT
 PREPARE
DEVELOP
NATIONAL
DISASTER
DEPARTMENTAL
SOPS
RESPONSE
FOR
PLAN,
DISASTER
RESPONSE
 DEVELOP AN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
FOR DISASTER RESPONSE
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
45
CHALLENGES
POLITICAL ATTENTION
RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS AND COMPETING
DEMANDS
LACK OF AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL
EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF DRM
WAVERING COMMITMENTS FROM THE DONOR
AGENCIES
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
46
THANK YOU
NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad
47