Fire and Life Safety for the California
High-Speed Rail Program
FIRESCOPE Board of Directors
October 8, 2014
THE CALIFORNIA HIGH-SPEED RAIL PROGRAM
LARGEST PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT IN
U.S. HISTORY
• True High-Speed Trains,
220mph+
• 100% electric power, 25kv
overhead contact system
• Sealed Corridor – completely
grade-separated, fenced for
access control
• Steel wheel on steel rail
• Double-tracked
• First phase of approximately
520 miles; 800+ miles when
full system is realized
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THE CALIFORNIA HIGH-SPEED RAIL PROGRAM
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UPDATE ON THE PROCUREMENT PROCESS
• CP01 Madera and Fresno Counties – Contract Awarded in July 2013,
full NTP in October 2013
» Final Design has progressed to approximately 60%
» Right-of-way acquisition under way – 80 parcels to date
» Early activities include surveying, geo-tech investigation, archeological
investigation, demolition of structures, clearing/grubbing of land
• CP02-CP03 Fresno to Kern County
Line: RFP out now, proposals due
October with NTP by the end of
2014
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CP01 – CONSTRUCTION PACKAGE 01
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CONSTRUCTION PACKAGES 02-03-04
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FIRE AND LIFE-SAFETY
As it relates to the California High-Speed Train System
» Passenger safety in the system design
» Egress routes in the event of an emergency
» Emergency response planning, training, and operations
» Fire and smoke prevention and suppression
Principle Guidance:
NFPA 130 – 2014: Standard
for Fixed Guideway and
Passenger Rail Systems,
with accommodations
appropriate for HSR
operations
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FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION
• Regulatory authority for the safety of the interstate railroad
system in the United States
• 49 CFR Parts 200-299
• CPUC has State Safety Oversight authority to
enforce FRA regulations and to make their own
regulations where FRA is silent
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OFFICE OF THE STATE FIRE MARSHAL
• Authority Having Jurisdiction for fire and life safety considerations of
State properties, will issue Permit to Occupy facilities
• Goal is a consistent, effective statewide FLS approach
• OSFM has made it clear that local authorities must have input to the
development of the program in their area
• OSFM will provide guidance to local authorities on FLS program of
CHSR System
• Initial outreach and plan review has begun
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FIRE & LIFE SAFETY AND SECURITY COMMITTEES
• Statewide FLSSC – Meets in Sacramento quarterly to discuss fire &
life safety and security issues that affect the CA High-Speed Rail
Program on a policymaking level.
• Regional FLSSC – Meet quarterly to discuss local plans or
characteristics of the CA High-Speed Rail Program and to provide
opportunities for outreach and training to local emergency response
agencies.
» Madera-Fresno Counties
» Kings-Tulare-Kern Counties
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MADERA-FRESNO COUNTY FLSSC TABLE-TOP EXERCISE
• April 2014, hosted by Fresno Fire Dept.
• 31 participants from 14 agencies
» Fresno Fire Dept.
» Fresno County Fire Protection District
» Fresno County Emergency Medical Services
» Office of the State Fire Marshal
• Simulated a derailment at the Madera-Fresno County Line
» Elevated structure, challenging access
» Mass casualty event
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HAZARD MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
• Follows FRA-approved strategy of risk-based hazard management
• Conforms to European standard for railway safety known as Common Safety
Method
• Workshops with discipline-specific technical experts to brainstorm hazards and
develop mitigations
» Hazard Identification
» Hazard Analysis
» Development of Mitigation Measures
» Acceptance of Residual Risk
• Develop draft Certifiable Elements and Hazards Log (CEHL) to carry hazards and
required mitigations through all Project phases
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PASSENGER SAFETY AND SECURITY IN THE SYSTEM
DESIGN
• Described in Technical Memorandum TM 2.8.1 Safety and Security Design
Requirements for Infrastructure Elements for preliminary engineering
• Evolving into Design Criteria for the Design/Builders to follow in final design and
construction
• Typical elements include walkways, stairways, access roads, lighting, tunnel
ventilation, signage, access control
The key is Prevention through Design
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Avoidance
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering Controls
Warnings
Operational Controls
Personal Protective Equipment
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PASSENGER SAFETY AND SECURITY
• Emergency management is critical whether an incident is safety or security related
• Design elements must not only eliminate or minimize hazards but also support
response for any anticipated emergency
• Coordinated internal and external response training, drills and exercises, are a
significant element in keeping passengers, staff, emergency responders and the
public safe
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EGRESS ROUTES IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY
•
•
•
•
Continuous walkway on both sides of the trackway
Emergency vehicles access at nominal 2.5 mile intervals, more often if possible
Access roads to all tunnel portals and major aerial structures
Lighting, communications, water supply, and emergency vehicle staging at
emergency access points
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ACCESS/EGRESS ROADS
•
•
•
•
Conforms to CFC 2010 as minimum requirements
22 feet wide inclusive of shoulders
All-weather surface rated for 75,000# load
Dead ends on roads in excess of 150 feet equipped with vehicle turning facility
• Minimum outside turning radius
45 feet
• Grade not to exceed 10%,
except where approved by the
local AHJ and OSFM
• Gate opening 20 ft min.
• Bridges designed for live load of
fire apparatus
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RIGHT-OF-WAY ACCESS
• Sealed corridor
» Access control barrier (fencing or wall)
» Gates or doors at 2.5 mile intervals
• Right-of-Way hazards
» 25kv overhead contact system
» Trains operating at 220 MPH
• Train egress
» 4 ft. door height above top of rail
» Portable ladders/stairs
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LONG AND TALL STRUCTURES TO MINIMIZE GRADIENT
CHANGES
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ACCESS/EGRESS FOR AERIAL STRUCTURES
• Provide level of access/egress to aerial structures comparable to atgrade alignments
»
»
»
»
»
Continuous walkway on both sides of trackway
Parapet walls
Access to ends of major structures
Stairways at nominal 2.5 mile intervals for longer structures
Ladder truck access at nominal 2500 foot intervals, preferably from public roadways.
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LADDER TRUCK ACCESS
• Additional emergency access for restricted environments.
• Nominal 2500 foot intervals.
• Provided from public roads where possible.
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TUNNELS
Pacheco
Pass
Tehachapi
Pass
San Gabriel
Mtns.
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POTENTIAL ALIGNMENTS – PALMDALE TO LOS ANGELES
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TUNNEL FIRE & LIFE SAFETY
• Goal - allow passengers to achieve a place of safe refuge
» Adjacent bore(s)
» Mid-tunnel refuge chamber(s)
» Shaft(s) to surface
• Walkways, lighting, communication, signage
• Cross-passages to other bores
• Regular intervals
• Ventilated
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PLACE OF SAFE REFUGE
• Goal – Provide tenable environment for passengers and crew while awaiting rescue
from tunnel.
• Potential places of safe refuge:
» Passage to surface – challenging for deep tunnels.
» Cross-passage to other running tunnel.
» Cross-passage to third bore (service/maintenance tunnel).
» Mid-tunnel refuge chamber (capable of accommodating large group of people for
extended period of time).
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TUNNEL VENTILATION FOR SMOKE CONTROL
• Air flow pushes smoke longitudinally, away from direction of
egress/rescue
• Positive pressure protects place of safe refuge
• Provides tenable environment for passengers and crew.
Will meet the performance goals of NFPA 130 with appropriate
accommodations for HSR operations. Safety case to be developed.
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POTENTIAL FIRE SUPPRESSION AND SMOKE CONTROL
STRATEGIES
• Primary response - train continues out of tunnel to portal area for evacuation and
emergency response. Train in tunnel for minimal period.
• On-board fire suppression – high pressure mist system
» Interior fires suppressed within trainset compartment, move passengers to other cars.
» Exterior fires suppressed with specific systems, 30” fire-rated flooring to protect
passengers.
• Potential mid-tunnel deluge station for on-board fire where not feasible to remove
train from tunnel.
• Electrical compartments to have separate
suppression systems.
Will meet the performance goals of NFPA 130 with appropriate
accommodations for HSR operations. Safety case to be developed.
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OTHER TUNNEL SYSTEMS FOR FIRE LIFE SAFETY AND
SECURITY
• Fire/smoke detection systems
• Suppression system issues
» Spot suppression/deluge systems
» Standpipe/water supply
» Water disposal
• Communications
• Lighting
• Auxiliary power
• Rail-borne FLS equipment
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PORTAL FACILITIES FOR FIRE & LIFE SAFETY AND
SECURITY
• Surface evacuation and emergency vehicle access/queuing
»
»
»
»
»
»
Passenger rescue/assembly area, transfer to other trains or buses
Communications, backup power, lighting, water for suppression
Access control and intrusion detection
Fixed incident command post
Ventilation facilities
Heli-pad as necessary
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NEXT STEPS
• Continue outreach/communication efforts through established Fire &
Life Safety and Security Committees
• Specific outreach to local emergency response agencies as
requested
• Develop fire & life safety program for tunnels
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THANK YOU
• Contact Information
» Victor Salazar
Safety and Security Manager, CA high Speed Rail Authority
victor.salazar@hsr.ca.gov, 916-669-6568
» John Cockle
Fire & Life Safety Specialist, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc.
cocklejl@pbworld.com, 415-243-4762
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