FORKLIFT SAFETY
(1999 REVISION)
OSHA TRAINING
ACME
PARTS
CLARK
OSHA 29CFR 1910.178
COURSE OBJECTIVES






Introduce Training and Regulatory Requirements.
Discuss Basic Forklift Operating Principles.
Discuss Forklift Safety Requirements.
Discuss the Different Types of Forklifts.
Discuss Hazardous Driving Situations.
Conduct a Written and Driving Proficiency Test.
STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Understand Safety Regulations Regarding Forklifts.
 Understand Basic Forklift Operating Principles.
 Understand the Hazards Involved With Forklifts.
 Successfully Operate Forklifts Safely.
 Successfully Complete a Written Proficiency Test.
 Successfully Complete a Driving Proficiency Test.
ANSI STANDARD
POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
ANSI
American National Standard
for
Powered Industrial Trucks
Part II, B56.1-1969
REGULATORY STANDARD
POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
29CFR - 1910 - 178
29CFR - Safety and Health Standards
1910 - General Industry
178 - Powered Industrial Trucks
FORKLIFT INJURY STATISTICS
APPROXIMATELY 34,000 RELATED INJURIES A YEAR:
 INATTENTION
 DISTRACTION
 EXCESSIVE SPEED
 POOR DRIVING HABITS
 LACK OF TRAINING
CIRCUMSTANCES OF INJURY
HOW MOST INJURIES OCCUR





Overloading Causing the Vehicle to Turnover.
Load Instability Causing Turnover.
Obstructions in the Path of Travel or Lift.
Using Forklift Outside of Design Limitations.
Striking a Pedestrian.
CASE STUDY #1
CRUSHED AGAINST A STEEL POLE
NARRATIVE: AN EMPLOYEE WAS SPOTTING A FORKLIFT
BACKING UP IN A CONGESTED FLOOR AREA.
THE
OPERATOR ATTEMPTED TO EASE THE VEHICLE SLOWLY
BACK TO GAIN CLEARANCE TO TURN. THE GAS PEDAL
STUCK SLIGHTLY CAUSING THE VEHICLE TO LURCH,
PINNING AND CRUSHING THE SPOTTER BETWEEN THE
FORKLIFT AND A POLE RESULTING IN FATAL INJURIES.
CITATION: FAILURE TO MAINTAIN CLEARANCE BETWEEN A
FIXED OBJECT AND THE VEHICLE.
CASE STUDY #2
KILLED BY TOPPLED FORKLIFT
NARRATIVE: AN EMPLOYEE WAS TRANSFERRING MATERIAL
FROM
A LOADING DOCK TRAILER TO A WAREHOUSE
LOCATION WHEN THE VEHICLE WAS DRIVEN OFF OF THE SIDE
OF THE DOCK RESULTING IN A LATERAL TIPOVER OF THE
VEHICLE AND FATAL OPERATOR INJURIES.
CITATION: FAILURE TO MAINTAIN CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE
EDGE OF THE DOCK AND THE VEHICLE.
CASE STUDY #3
KILLED BY TOPPLED FORKLIFT
NARRATIVE: AN EMPLOYEE WAS TRANSFERRING MATERIAL
FROM A STACKED PALLET STORAGE LOCATION TO THE
WAREHOUSE FLOOR. THE OPERATOR BEGAN MOVING THE
VEHICLE WITH THE LOAD EXTENDED BEFORE LOWERING
THE LOAD, RESULTING IN A CENTRIFUGAL OVERLOAD AND
TOPPLING.
THE OPERATOR WAS CRUSHED BY THE
VEHICLE.
CITATION: FAILURE TO MAINTAIN VEHICULAR CONTROL
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
HOW THIS COURSE IS STRUCTURED:





Classroom Lecture.
Supporting Audio/Video Aids.
Student Discussion/Interaction.
Field Discussion of Specific Vehicles.
Field Evaluation of Your Performance.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
MEASUREMENT OF OPERATORS PERFORMANCE:




You Will Be Given Training Specific to the Vehicle.
Your Performance Will Be Observed.
You Must Pass an Operating Performance Test.
You Must Pass a Written Performance Test.
TRAINEE REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
TRAINEES MAY OPERATE A FORKLIFT ONLY:
1.
Under the Direct Supervision of Persons Who Have the
Knowledge, Training, and Experience to Train Operators
and Evaluate Their Competence; And
2. Where Such Operation Does Not Endanger the Trainee or
Other Employees.
TRAINEE REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
TRAINEES MUST BE PROPERLY TRAINED:
1. Training Must Consist of a Combination of Formal Instruction
(Lecture, Discussion, Video Tape, Written Material).
2. Practical Training
(Demonstrations Performed by the Trainer)
3. Practical Exercises
(Exercises Performed by the Trainee)
4. Evaluation of the Operator's Performance in the Workplace.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
TRUCK TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED:







Operating Instructions.
Warnings, and Precautions.
Differences Between the Truck and the Automobile.
Truck Controls and Instrumentation.
Engine or Motor Operation.
Steering and Maneuvering.
Visibility (Including Restrictions Due to Loading.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
TRUCK TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED:









Fork and Attachment Adaptation.
Fork and Attachment Operation, and Use Limitations.
Vehicle Capacity.
Vehicle Stability.
Operator Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance.
Refueling of the Vehicle.
Charging and Recharging of Batteries.
Vehicle Operating Limitations.
Surface Operating Conditions.
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
WORKPLACE-RELATED TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED:









Composition of Loads to Be Carried
Load Manipulation, Stacking, and Unstacking.
Pedestrian Traffic in Operating Areas.
Restricted Spaces and Operating Locations.
Hazardous (Classified) Operating Locations.
Ramps and Other Sloped Surfaces.
Closed Environments Poorly Ventilated Areas.
Unique or Potentially Hazardous Operating Areas.
The Requirements of the Standard.
RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS
(1999 REVISION)
RETRAINING IS REQUIRED WHEN:









An Unsafe Operation of a Forklift Is Observed.
An Accident or Near-Miss Incident Occurs.
An Operator Receives an Unfavorable Driving Report.
An Operator Is Assigned to a Different Type of Truck.
A Change in Attachment/Handling Equipment Occurs.
Workplace Conditions Changes that Affect Safety.
A Failure Occurs in Written Safety Procedures.
There Is Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency.
Every Three Years.
FORKLIFT SAFETY PROGRAM
ELEMENTS OF THE PROGRAM:
1. Written Company Safety Procedures.
2. Employee Training.
3. Measurement of Training Effectiveness.
4. Measurement of Driving Proficiency.
FORKLIFT SAFETY PROGRAM
WRITTEN COMPANY SAFETY PROCEDURES:
1. Company Forklift Policy Reviewed Annually.
2. Daily Operator Inspections Documented.
3. Driving Training and Proficiency Documented.
FORKLIFT TRAFFIC PATTERNS
SETTING UP THE PATTERN:







Aisles Must Be Well-Lighted and Obstruction Free.
Aisles Must Be Clearly Marked and of Ample Width.
Driving Surfaces Must in Good Repair.
Pedestrians Must Be Accounted for in the Pattern.
Regulatory Signs Must Be Prominent and Enforced.
Guardrails, Door Warnings, Mirrors and Other.
Standard Precautions Must Be Considered and Installed.
FORKLIFT TRAFFIC PATTERNS
DEPT - A DEPT - B
DEPT - E
DEPT - F
DEPT - C DEPT - D
DEPT - G
= FORKLIFT ROUTE
OFFICE
DEPT - H
FORKLIFT TYPES AND DESIGNATIONS
VARIOUS TYPES OF FORKLIFT CONFIGURATIONS:
D
DS
DY
E
ES
EX
G
GS
LP
Diesel
Diesel- With Additional Safeguards to Exhaust, Fuel Etc.
Diesel- Like Ds but Having No Electrical Equipment
Electrically Powered
Like E but With Additional Spark Precautions Installed
Like E but With Additional Vapor Precautions Installed
Gasoline
Gasoline but With Additional Safeguards to Exhaust
Propane
FORKLIFT TYPES AND DESIGNATIONS
NOTE: YOU MUST ENSURE THAT THE TYPE OF
FORKLIFT YOU ARE USING IS COMPATIBLE WITH
THE TYPE OF ENVIRONMENTS AND WORKING
CONDITIONS THE VEHICLE WILL BE EXPOSED TO.
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
FORKLIFT MANUFACTURER:





Dictates Specific Operation of Vehicle.
Maintains Operation and Maintenance Manuals.
Specifies Maintenance Requirements.
Consulted Concerning “Attachment’s”.
First Choice for Safety Questions.
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
 OVERHEAD GUARD
 MAST
 CARRIAGE
 BACKREST
 LIFT CYLINDER
LOAD CAPACITY
6000 lbs
PROPANE ONLY
 TILT CYLINDERS
 FORKS
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
TYPES OF FORKS
 HALF-TAPERED FORKS
- USED WITH HEAVIER LOADS
 FULL-TAPERED FORKS
- USED WITH LIGHTER LOADS
- USED WITH NARROW PALLETS
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
TYPES OF TIRES
 PNEUMATIC AIR FILLED TIRES
AIR
- USED WITH HEAVIER LOADS
- OUTDOORS OR UNEVEN SURFACES
 PNEUMATIC SOLID TIRES
- PUNCTURE PROOF
- INTERCHANGED WITH AIR FILLED
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
SOLID RUBBER
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
TYPES OF TIRES
 CUSHION TIRES
CUSHION
- INDOORS OR SMOOTH SURFACES
 SOLID TIRES
- PUNCTURE PROOF
- SMOOTH INDOOR SURFACES
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
SOLID RUBBER
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
AUTO STEERING VERSES FORKLIFT STEERING:
TRAVEL
TRAVEL
AUTO
FORKLIFT
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
AUTO STEERING VERSES FORKLIFT STEERING:
TURNING PRINCIPLE
PIVOT POINT
TRAVEL
WITH
AN
AUTOMOBILE
THERE IS NO “SWING OUT”,
IN OTHER WORDS, THE
VEHICLE FOLLOWS THE
TURNING RADIUS OF THE
FRONT WHEELS.
AUTO
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
AUTO STEERING VERSES FORKLIFT STEERING:
PIVOT POINT
TURNING PRINCIPLE
WITH A FORKLIFT, THERE IS
CONSIDERABLE
“SWING
OUT”, IN OTHER WORDS,
THE VEHICLE FOLLOWS
THE TURNING RADIUS OF
THE REAR WHEELS.
TRAVEL
SWING RADIUS
DANGER ZONE
FORKLIFT
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
THE RATED CAPACITY




The Maximum Amount of Weight That Can Be Safely Lifted.
How the Load Rests on the Forks Is Critical.
The Closer the Load Is to the Backrest the Better.
Can Be Found on the Nomenclature Plate of the Vehicle.
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
OPERATING NEAR PEDESTRIANS





Three mph Speed Limit Near Pedestrians.
Establish Eye Contact When Possible.
Acknowledge Their Presence With A Nod.
Avoid Congested Pedestrian Areas If Possible.
Panic Stop Distances For Typical Loaded Truck.
- 01 mph = 1 - 3 Feet
- 10 mph = 22 Feet
- 18 mph = 55 Feet
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
LIFTING PRINCIPLE
COUNTER
WEIGHT
PIVOT POINT
PIVOT POINT
COUNTER WEIGHT
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
LIFTING PRINCIPLE
MOVING THE LOAD AWAY FROM
THE BACKREST CAN LOWER
THE RATED CAPACITY OF THE
FORKLIFT BY HUNDREDS OF
POUNDS!
REAL HEAVY PARTS
6500lbs
INCORRECT
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
LIFTING PRINCIPLE
REAL HEAVY PARTS
REAL HEAVY PARTS
6500lbs
6500lbs
INCORRECT
CORRECT
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
CENTRIFUGAL FORCES
REAL HEAVY PARTS
6500lbs
MOVING OR TURNING THE VEHICLE
WHEN THE LOAD IS EXTENDED CAN
RESULT IN TURNOVER BECAUSE OF
CENTRIFUGAL FORCES APPLIED AT
THE TOP OF THE LOAD!
BASIC FORKLIFT PRINCIPLES
FORK ADJUSTMENT
FORKS SHOULD BE SPREAD AS
WIDE AS POSSIBLE TO ALLOW FOR
MAXIMUM STABILITY OF THE LOAD!
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
PRE-USE INSPECTION








Mast
Roller Tracks and Chains
Forks and Adjustment
Fluid Levels
Hydraulic Lines
Lift and Tilt Cylinders
Overhead Guard Mounting
Fire Extinguisher








Cylinder Mounting Hardware
Tires
Lights and Warning Devices
Handbrake
Steering and Brakes
Driving Controls
Lift Controls
Seat Adjustment and Belts
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
TYPES OF POWER SOURCES
 BATTERY POWERED
 PROPANE POWERED
 DIESEL POWERED
 GASOLINE POWERED
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
INSPECTION OF POWER SOURCES
 BATTERY POWERED
- REQUIRES CONSTANT CHARGING
- NO IGNITION SOURCES IN CHARGING AREA
- FOLLOW LOCAL CHARGING PROCEDURES
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
BATTERY SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mechanical Lifting Aids Required for Battery Handling.
Charging Area Must Have Working Eyewash Station.
Wear Complete Splash Protection When Servicing Batteries.
Battery Charging Is Only Allowed in Predesignated Areas.
Ventilation Must Be Adequate to Disperse Hydrogen.
Ventilation Must Be Adequate to Disperse Corrosive Gases.
Open Flames May Not Be Used to Check Electrolyte Levels.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
BATTERY SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
8. Battery Cover Must Be Left Open During Charging.
9. Ventilation Ensures Clean Air and Heat Dissipation.
10. Always Disconnect Charging Connector Properly.
11. Only Pull on Charging Connector in an Emergency.
12. Properly Reposition Battery After Removal.
13. Improperly Positioned Batteries May Shift.
14. Use Wooden (or Approved) Spacers As Necessary.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
BATTERY FILLING PRECAUTIONS
OK!
BATTERY
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
HANDLING BULK ELECTROLYTE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Bulk Containers Must Be Moved Using Carboy or Tilter.
Siphons Are Acceptable. Never Start Siphon By Mouth.
Never Smoke Around Electrolyte.
Eliminate Sparks or Other Ignition Source In Charging Area.
Use Only Non Sparking, Non Conductive Tools.
Apply Vehicle Emergency Brake When Charging.
Inspect Vent Caps On Battery. Ensure They Are Free.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
ELECTROLYTE MIXING PRECAUTIONS
NO!
ACID
CORROSIVE
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
ELECTROLYTE MIXING PRECAUTIONS
YES!
WATER
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
INSPECTION OF POWER SOURCES
 PROPANE POWER
- INSPECT TANK FOR SERVICEABILITY
- INSPECT PROPANE TRANSFER SYSTEM
- INSPECT TANK RESTRAINT SYSTEM
- FOLLOW LOCAL REPLACEMENT PROCEDURES
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
PROPANE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Extinguish Smoking Materials.
Ensure No Ignition Sources Are Present.
Wear Protective Gloves and Eye Protection.
Ensure Valve Is Closed Anytime the Tank Is Disconnected.
Follow Manufacturers Instructions for Refueling the Vehicle.
After Tank Is Removed From the Vehicle, Inspect for Damage.
If Tank Is Serviceable, Have It Moved to Empty Tank Storage.
If You Have Any Safety Concerns Contact Safety.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
PROPANE CONNECTION CONSIDERATIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Inspection Tank for Defects and Dents.
Never Throw, Drag, Drop, or Roll LPG Containers.
Check Fuel Lines for Serviceability.
Check for Damage to Liquid Level Gauge.
Inspect Quick-Disconnect Couplings for Serviceability.
Inspect Threads, Valves and Fittings for Serviceability.
Check to Ensure Relief Valve Is Pointed in Specified Direction.
If You Have Any Safety Concerns Contact Safety.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
A NOTE ABOUT THE LPG TANK ACCESS VALVE
Never Jam the Valve in the Open Position (When
Opening the Valve). Open Fully, Then Turn Toward
The Closed Position 1/4 to 1/2 Turn. This Action
Prevents Jamming and Enables Quick Shut off in
an Emergency. Close the Valve When the Truck
Will Be Parked for Extended Periods of Time.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
INSPECTION OF POWER SOURCES
 DIESEL AND GASOLINE POWERED
- INSPECT FOR LEAKS
- ENSURE ADEQUATE VENTILATION EXISTS
- FOLLOW LOCAL REFUELING PROCEDURES
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
DIESEL AND GASOLINE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Extinguish Smoking Materials.
Ensure No Ignition Sources Are Present.
Wear Protective Gloves and Eye Protection.
Ensure Area Is Approved for Refueling.
Follow Manufacturers Instructions for Refueling the Vehicle.
Ensure Area Has Ample Ventilation.
Ensure Tank Is Not Over Filled Causing Spillage.
Do Not Start Vehicle Until All Spilled Fuel Is Eliminated.
If You Have Any Safety Concerns Contact Safety.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
STARTING THE FORKLIFT






Apply the Foot Brake.
Shift Gears to Neutral.
Ensure Load Is Lowered and Controls Neutralized.
Start Forklift and Check Gauges.
Disengage Hand Brake.
Check Controls, Steering and Brakes.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
SHUTTING DOWN THE FORKLIFT






Apply the Hand Brake.
Lower the Load.
Turn off the Engine.
Neutralize the Controls (Dissipate Line Pressures).
Follow Procedures for Propane.
Follow Procedures for Battery Powered Vehicles.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
DEFINITION - ATTENDED VEHICLE
IF OPERATOR IS DISMOUNTED:





Operator Is Within 25 Feet of the Vehicle.
Operator Has Line-of-Site of the Vehicle.
Operator Has No Obstruction of Access to Vehicle.
Load Engaging Means Is Fully Lowered.
Controls Neutralized and Handbrakes Set.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
FORKLIFT OPERATING PRINCIPLES
DEFINITION - UNATTENDED VEHICLE
IF OPERATOR IS DISMOUNTED:





Operator Is More Than 25 Feet From the Vehicle.
Operator Has No Line of Site of the Vehicle.
Operator Is Obstructed From Access to Vehicle.
Load Engaging Means Is Not Fully Lowered.
Handbrakes Not Set.
CONSULT YOUR VEHICLE OWNERS MANUAL
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
VISIBILITY DURING FORKLIFT OPERATIONS
 Approach the Load Slowly and Do Not “Bump”.
 Know Where All Bystanders Are Located.
REAL HEAVY PARTS
ACME
FORKLIFTS
6500lbs
TRAVEL
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
VISIBILITY DURING FORKLIFT OPERATIONS




Never Allow Bystanders Between You And a Fixed Object.
Know Where All Spotters Are Located.
If You Lose Sight of a Spotter, Stop and Relocate Them.
ASSUME LOST SPOTTERS ARE IN YOUR PATH.
ACME
FORKLIFTS
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
TO PICK UP A LOAD








Approach the Load Slowly and Straight on (Load Centered).
Stop When the Tip of the Forks Are About a Foot Away.
Level Forks and Adjust Fork Height.
Move Forward Slowly Until Load Is Fully Against Backrest.
Lift the Load High Enough to Clear Floor Obstructions.
Back the Load Out Slightly From the Storage Location.
Carefully Tilt Mask Back to Stabilize the Load.
Ensure Rear Is Clear, Back Out.
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
TO PUT DOWN A LOAD







Approach the Delivery Location Straight On.
Stop When the Tip of the Forks Are About a Foot Away.
Lower Load, Carefully Level Forks.
Move Forward Slowly Until Load Is in Desired Location.
Lower the Load to Floor or Storage Location.
Ensure Forks Are Clear of Pallet.
Ensure Rear Is Clear, Back Out.
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
UNSTACKING LOADS








Approach the Load Slowly and Straight on (Load Centered).
Stop About a Foot Away and Raise Forks to Desired Height.
Level Forks and Drive Forward.
Move Forward Slowly Until Load Is Fully Against Backrest.
Lift the Load High Enough to Clear Obstructions.
Ensure Rear Is Clear, Back Out.
Once the Stack Is Cleared - Lower to Desired Height.
Carefully Tilt Mask Back to Stabilize the Load.
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
STACKING LOADS






Approach the Location Slowly and Straight On.
Stop About a Foot Away and Raise Load to Desired Height.
Drive Forward Until Load Is Square Over Stack.
Level Forks and Lower Load Until Load Is Supported.
Ensure Forks Are Clear of Pallet.
Ensure Rear Is Clear, Back Out.
HANDLING AND MOVING LOADS
DRIVING WITH A LOAD







Travel With the Load Tilted Slightly Back for Stability.
If You Can’t See Over the Load Drive in Reverse.
Drive With Load Approximately Six Inches Above Surface.
Never Pass Pedestrians - They Must Always Yield Way!
Remember That the Driving Wheels Are Your Pivot Point.
Obey Traffic Rules and Local Policies.
Always Slowdown to Attempt a Turn.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LET’S DISCUSS SITE-SPECIFIC PROBLEM AREA’S
SITE SPECIFIC PROBLEM AREAS
AT THIS FACILITY INCLUDE:
 Hazardous (Classified) Operating Locations.
 Closed Environments Poorly Ventilated Areas.
 Unique or Potentially Hazardous Operating Areas.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
UNSTABLE FLOOR SURFACES






Traction Problems, Skidding and Sliding Can Occur.
Drive Cautiously and at Slow Speeds.
Be Aware of Debris and Spills.
Consider Areas Where Contractors May Be Working.
Avoid Making Tight Turns.
Ensure Brakes Are Applied Carefully.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
OVERHEAD CLEARANCES




Plan Your Route in Advance.
Drive Cautiously and at Slow Speeds.
Know the Mast Height and Facility Overhead Clearances.
Be Careful Around Electrical Lines.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
SPATIALLY RESTRICTED AREAS




Consider Getting Out Before You Get In.
Try Moving Empty Forks to One Side of the Carriage.
Use Maximum Turning Angles.
Be Careful When Making Tight Turns.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
HIGH TRAFFIC AREAS
PEDESTRIAN CONSIDERATIONS





Never Allow a Pedestrian Between You and a Fixed Object.
Never Pass a Pedestrian, They Must Yield Right of Way.
Maintain a Safe Distance When Loading and Unloading.
Be Careful When Making Tight Turns.
Never Assume Pedestrians Know You’re Position.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
HIGH TRAFFIC AREAS
MULTIPLE FORKLIFT CONSIDERATIONS







Obey All Local Traffic Rules and Signs.
Know Where All Mirrors Are Positioned.
Use Horns When Approaching Corners, Doorways, Aisles.
Never Exceed the Safe Working Speed of Five Mph.
Keep a Safe Distance From Other Forklifts (3 Lengths).
Know Where All Mirrors Are Positioned.
Pass Only in Authorized Areas.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
UNEVEN DRIVING SURFACES





Understand the Type Tires Installed on the Vehicle.
Understand the Limitations of The Tires.
Approach Railroad Tracks at a 45-Degree Angle.
Take Alternate Routes Rather Than Unnecessary Risks.
Determine if Different Types of Vehicles Are Available.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LOADING DOCK OPERATIONS







Ensure Bridge or Dock Plates Are Secure.
Ensure Bridge or Dock Plates Are Rated for the Vehicle.
Ensure Trailer, Truck, or Railcar Wheels Are Secured.
Never Accelerate on Bridge or Dock Plates.
Always Drive Straight on to Bridge or Dock Plates.
Always Maintain a Safe Distance From Edges.
Never Compete With Pedestrians.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
TRAILER OPERATIONS







Ensure the Trailer Floor Is Rated for the Vehicle Weight.
Verify That the Trailer Floor Is in Serviceable Condition.
Ensure the Forklift Will Not Unbalance the Trailer.
Use Additional Trailer Supports If Unbalancing Is a Risk.
Consider the Interior Trailer Height.
Ensure the Trailer Cannot Roll Away From the Dock.
Consider Lighting and Inclement Weather.
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LOADED FORKLIFT RAMP OPERATIONS
ALWAYS APPROACH RAMP LOAD FIRST!
REAL HEAVY PARTS
6500lbs
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LOADED FORKLIFT RAMP OPERATIONS
ALWAYS LEAVE RAMP LOAD LAST!
REAL HEAVY PARTS
6500lbs
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
UNLOADED FORKLIFT RAMP OPERATIONS
ALWAYS APPROACH A RAMP FORKS LAST!
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
UNLOADED FORKLIFT RAMP OPERATIONS
ALWAYS LEAVE A RAMP FORKS FIRST!
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
TURNOVERS
LONGITUDINAL TURNOVER
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
TURNOVERS
LATERAL TURNOVER
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LONGITUDINAL TURNOVER
 Usually Best to Leave the Vehicle.
 No Guarantee of Safety During a Longitudinal Turnover.
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
LATERAL TURNOVER
 Usually Best to Stay With the Vehicle.
 Hold on to the Steering Wheel and Push Into the Seat.
 No Guarantee of Safety During a Lateral Turnover.
ACME
FORKLIFTS
DANGEROUS DRIVING CONDITIONS
SPOTTERS
NEVER UNDERESTIMATE
THE VALUE OF A SPOTTER!
ACME
FORKLIFTS
REACH TRUCK SAFETY
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS









If You’re Not Trained, You’re Not Authorized.
Use Only on Flat, Stable Floor Surfaces.
Never Move Vehicle While Elevated.
Ensure Sufficient Headroom Exists Before Lifting.
Look for Electrical Obstructions (Lights Etc).
Engage Parking Brake During the Lift.
Put Vehicle in Park During Lift.
Use Spotters Effectively to Enhance Safety.
Use Appropriate Fall Protection for the Person Being Lifted.
REACH TRUCK SAFETY
ACME
FORKLIFTS
OPERATOR CONTROLLED
FORKLIFT ATTACHMENT
REACH TRUCK SAFETY
FORKLIFT ATTACHMENT










Look Before You Descend.
Use Within Design Limitations.
Follow Local Lifting Guidelines.
Follow Manufacturers Guidelines.
Ensure Platform Is Secured to Forks.
Ensure Both Employee’s Are Trained.
Use a Fall Harness, Not “Safety Belts”.
Never Exceed Your “Safe Reach” Distance.
Ensure Fall Prevention Guards Are In Place.
Never Move Vehicle While Platform Is Elevated.
ACME
FORKLIFTS
REACH TRUCK SAFETY
OPERATOR CONTROLLED









Ensure You are Trained.
Look Before You Descend.
Use Within Design Limitations.
Follow Local Lifting Guidelines.
Follow Manufacturers Guidelines.
Use a Fall Harness, Not “Safety Belts”.
Never Exceed Your “Safe Reach” Distance.
Ensure Fall Prevention Guards Are In Place.
Never Move Vehicle While Platform Is Elevated.
CONTRACTOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS MUST:
 FOLLOW YOUR RULES AND HAVE ADEQUATE TRAINING.
FACILITY OR COMPANY REPRESENTATIVES MUST:
 INFORM THE CONTRACTOR OF INTERNAL POLICIES
AND PROCEDURES.
 ENSURE THAT THE CONTRACTOR(S) ARE FOLLOWING
YOUR PROCEDURES.
TIPS FOR USING CONTRACTORS






Remember, You Control Your Facility!
Review Their Procedures With Them!
Review Their Procedures Before They Start the Job!
Determine Their Safety Performance Record!
Determine Who Is in Charge of Their People!
Determine How They Will Affect Your Employees!