Name _______________________________ Date ___________________ Period ____________
October Lessons
Book 2 Review
Contents
George Washington .......................................................................................................................... 2
Regents Review Questions............................................................................................................ 2
Student Practice - Describe George Washington G.O. .................................................................. 5
Jefferson & the Constitution – Strict & Loose Interpretation .............................................................. 6
Regents Review Questions............................................................................................................ 6
Student Practice – Checks and Balances Graphic ........................................................................ 9
The Supreme Court strengthens the Federal Government.............................................................. 10
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 10
Student Practice – Supreme Court Wall ...................................................................................... 12
Amendments and Elastics ............................................................................................................... 13
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 13
Student Practice - Amendments and Elastic Clause Compare & Contrast G.O........................... 15
Monroe Doctrine .............................................................................................................................. 16
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 16
Political Cartoons – The Monroe Doctrine ................................................................................... 18
Andrew Jackson .............................................................................................................................. 19
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 19
Interpreting Graphics – Andrew Jackson ..................................................................................... 21
Missouri Compromise ...................................................................................................................... 22
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 22
Interpreting Graphics – Missouri Compromise ............................................................................. 24
Kansas Nebraska Act & Bleeding Kansas ....................................................................................... 25
Regents Review Questions.......................................................................................................... 25
Interpreting graphics – Bleeding Kansas ..................................................................................... 27
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 1
George Washington
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
“’Tis [It is] our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of
the foreign world….”
— President George Washington,Farewell Address, 1796
The United States was able to follow this advice from President Washington for several
decades primarily because of
1.
2.
3.
4.
industrial and agricultural self-sufficiency
strong support from other Western Hemisphere nations
geographic isolation from Europe
peaceful relations between the European powers
2.
In his Farewell Address, President George Washington advised the nation to avoid
permanent alliances because he believed that the United States
1.
2.
3.
4.
would risk its security by involvement in European affairs
had no need for the products or markets of Europe
possessed military power superior to any European nation
needed to limit European immigration
3.
Alexander Hamilton believed that a major role of the Federal Government was to
1.
2.
3.
4.
establish and control public schools
support and encourage business and industry
promote the superiority of the agrarian way of life
limit its activities by allowing the states to make important national decisions
4.
In United States history, the Cabinet and congressional committees developed as a
result of
1.
2.
3.
4.
specific provisions of the original Constitution
constitutional amendments
decisions of the Supreme Court
custom and precedent
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 2
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
The establishment of a Cabinet and political parties during the administration of George
Washington best illustrates
1. the early development of the “unwritten constitution”
2. the application of specific provisions of the United States Constitution
3. efforts to maintain a division of power between the three branches of
government
4. the use of the amending process to the Constitution
6.
In 1794, President George Washington sent Federal troops into western Pennsylvania
to deal with an uprising known as the Whiskey Rebellion. The significance of President
Washington's action is that it
1.
2.
3.
4.
strengthened the power of local and state governments
forced Congress to pass the Bill of Rights
showed the strength of the Federal Government under the Constitution
weakened the power of the Federal Government to collect sales taxes
7.
Which Presidential action is an example of the unwritten constitution?
1.
2.
3.
4.
appointing Justices to the Supreme Court
granting pardons for Federal crimes
submitting a treaty to the Senate for ratification
consulting with the Cabinet
8.
As Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton was most noted for
1.
2.
3.
4.
devising a plan to pay off the nation’s debts
beginning a system to tax exports
arranging necessary loans from European nations
raising revenue from the sale of western lands
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 3
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
9.
Which action during Washington’s administration led to the Whiskey Rebellion in
western Pennsylvania?
1.
2.
3.
4.
passage of a new excise tax
establishment of a presidential cabinet
creation of the Bank of the United States
ban on slavery in the Northwest Territory
10.
Which action did Alexander Hamilton support during the 1790s?
1.
2.
3.
4.
restrictions on trade with England
distribution of free land
creation of the national bank
elimination of the whiskey tax
11.
President George Washington set a precedent for all future presidents by
1.
2.
3.
4.
appointing a career soldier to be Secretary of War
choosing a friend to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
campaigning actively for the office
creating a cabinet of advisors
Answers
1. 3
2. 1
3. 2
4. 4
5. 1
6. 3
U.S. History
7. 4
8. 1
9. 1
10. 3
11. 4
Mr. Drach
Page 4
Student Practice - Describe George Washington G.O.
Directions – Describe Washington’s effect on the Presidency of the United States.
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 5
Jefferson & the Constitution – Strict & Loose Interpretation
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
On what grounds would strict constructionists of the United States Constitution have
questioned the purchase of the Louisiana Territory?
1.
2.
3.
4.
It violated the guarantee of states’ rights.
The president was not specifically given the power to purchase new land.
Congress was opposed to expansion west of the Mississippi River.
The Constitution applied only to the original thirteen states.
2.
Which geographic advantage did the United States gain by purchasing the Louisiana
Territory from France in 1803?
1.
2.
3.
4.
warm-water ports on the Atlantic coast
rich fishing areas in the Great Lakes
full control of the Mississippi River
vast coal reserves in the region west of Pennsylvania
3.
Base your answer to the question on the map below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
If the Great Plains were shown in this map, they would be located mostly in
1.
2.
3.
4.
French Louisiana
Spanish Mexico
the Oregon Country
the original thirteen states
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 6
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
4.
Base your answer to this question on the map below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
The Louisiana Purchase was important to the United States because it
1.
2.
3.
4.
expanded the nation’s boundary to the Pacific Ocean
removed the Spanish from North America
closed the western territories to slavery
secured control of the Mississippi River
5.
Alexander Hamilton’s proposal to create a national bank and Thomas Jefferson’s
proposal to purchase the Louisiana Territory were criticized because both actions
would
1.
2.
3.
4.
place too much power in the hands of Congress
violate protections in the Bill of Rights
increase foreign influence in the United States
require a loose interpretation of the Constitution
6.
As a strict constructionist, President Thomas Jefferson questioned the constitutional
right to
1.
2.
3.
4.
receive diplomats from foreign nations
purchase the Louisiana Territory
grant pardons to convicted criminals
veto legislation passed by Congress
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 7
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
7.
In the early 1800s, the Mississippi River was important to the United States because it
1.
2.
3.
4.
served as a major highway for trade
led to wars between Great Britain and Spain
divided the Indian territories from the United States
served as a border between the United States and Mexico
8.
A geographic and economic motivation for the Louisiana Purchase (1803) was the
desire to
1.
2.
3.
4.
annex California
secure land for the Erie Canal
control the port of New Orleans
own all of the Great Lakes
9.
Farmers in the Ohio River valley gained the greatest economic benefit when the United
States acquired the
1.
2.
3.
4.
Oregon Territory
Gadsden Purchase
Louisiana Territory
Mexican Cession
10.
A major reason President Thomas Jefferson authorized the Lewis and Clark expedition
was to
1.
2.
3.
4.
claim California for the United States
explore a route to the Pacific Ocean
remove British outposts from United States land
establish settlements in the Southwest
1. 2
2. 3
3. 1
4. 4
5. 4
U.S. History
6. 2
7. 1
8. 3
9. 3
10. 2
Mr. Drach
Page 8
Student Practice – Checks and Balances Graphic
What action did Jefferson take that labels him as a loose interpreter of the Constitution?
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 9
The Supreme Court strengthens the Federal Government
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court strengthened its
authority by
1.
2.
3.
4.
applying judicial review to state and national laws
changing the operation of the electoral college
increasing the number of Justices on the Court
expanding the freedoms included in the first amendment
2.
Why did Thomas Jefferson withhold the essential documents needed to swear
in the “midnight judges” when he took office?
1. He wanted to change the rules about appointing judges first.
2. He was a Democratic-Republican who did not want to have so many
Federalist judges in place.
3. He thought the judges were not qualified to be sworn in.
4. He was angry that the Federalist Supreme Court had chosen the judges
without his consent.
3.
Which action is an example of judicial review?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The president proposes a bill to reduce the powers of the federal courts.
A state court finds a defendant guilty of murder.
The Supreme Court declares a federal law unconstitutional.
The Senate approves a president’s nominee for the Supreme Court.
4.
"It is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what
the law is…."
— Marbury v. Madison , 1803
This statement expresses the Supreme Court’s claim that
1.
2.
3.
4.
courts must abide by a strict interpretation of the Constitution
federal laws must be approved by the courts before they can take effect
the judicial branch must have a role in the amendment process
the power of judicial review belongs to the courts
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 10
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
What was a significant effect of Supreme Court decisions under Chief Justice
John Marshall (1801–1835)?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The powers of the federal government were increased.
The extension of slavery was limited.
The president’s use of the veto power was restricted.
The states were given more control over interstate commerce.
6.
Which power did the United States Supreme Court gain through the Court’s
decision in Marbury v. Madison?
1.
2.
3.
4.
judicial review
hearing appeals from lower federal courts
deciding cases involving two or more states
judicial independence through lifetime appointments
7.
In United States history, the development of the Cabinet, political parties, and
judicial review indicates the
1.
2.
3.
4.
need to limit the power of the three branches of government
growth of government based on the unwritten constitution
failure of the Constitution to adapt to political change
continuing importance of the States rights principle
8.
“The Constitution is what the Supreme Court says it is!”
This statement refers to the idea that
1. the original Constitution was framed by judges and lawyers
2. the Supreme Court interprets the meaning of the Constitution
3. amendments must receive the Supreme Court's approval before they are
enacted
4. decisions of the Supreme Court cannot be reversed
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
U.S. History
5. 1
6. 1
7. 2
8. 2
Mr. Drach
Page 11
Student Practice – Supreme Court Wall
1. What does the v. stand for in Marbury v. Madison?
2. What is the meaning behind the engraving above?
3. Why is this quotation is carved in granite at the entrance of the Supreme Court?
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 12
Amendments and Elastics
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
The section of the United States Constitution that grants Congress the power to “make
all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing
powers...” has come to be known as the
1.
2.
3.
4.
great compromise
supremacy clause
due process provision
elastic clause
2.
The elastic clause was included in the United States Constitution to
1.
2.
3.
4.
allow Congress to make laws to reflect changing conditions
govern the District of Columbia
restrict the power of the Supreme Court
permit the creation of a national army
3.
The elastic clause of the United States Constitution has been used primarily to
1. expand the jurisdiction of the Federal courts
2. balance the powers of the states with those of the Federal Government
3. eliminate the need for Senate approval of Presidential appointments under
certain circumstances
4. broaden the power of Congress
4.
Which action could legally change a ruling of the United States Supreme Court?
1.
2.
3.
4.
congressional debate on the ruling
ratification of a constitutional amendment
a decision by a Federal district court
a rejection of the ruling by a majority of the state governors
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 13
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
Only a small number of amendments have been added to the United States Constitution
mainly because the
1.
2.
3.
4.
executive branch has feared a loss of power
Constitution has been broadly interpreted and applied
public has not objected to the Government's use of its power
Constitution is clear in it original intent and seldom needs amending
6.
Once an amendment has been added to the United States Constitution, which process
must be used to change that amendment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
ratifying a new amendment
convincing the states to ignore the amendment
having Congress pass a law repealing the amendment
having the President issue an executive order canceling the amendment
7.
"…Congress shall have power … to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper
for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this
Constitution in the Government of the United States… ."
This statement from the United States Constitution is the source of
1.
2.
3.
4.
veto power
implied powers
judicial review
states’ rights
8.
The amendment process was included in the Constitution to
1.
2.
3.
4.
allow for change over time
expand the powers of the president
increase citizen participation in government
limit the authority of the United States Supreme Court
Answers –
U.S. History
1) 4
2) 1
3) 4
4) 2
5) 2
6) 1
Mr. Drach
7) 2
8) 1
Page 14
Student Practice - Amendments and Elastic Clause Compare & Contrast G.O.
Directions: Compare and Contrast Amendments and the elastic clause
Top: __________________________
U.S. History
Bottom: ____________________________
Mr. Drach
Page 15
Monroe Doctrine
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
A major reason for the issuance of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to
1.
2.
3.
4.
discourage United States trade with Latin America
defend the Panama Canal from Great Britain
prevent further European colonization in the Caribbean region
provide economic aid to Latin American nations
2.
A major purpose of the Monroe Doctrine (1823) was to
1.
2.
3.
4.
limit European influence in the Western Hemisphere
establish United States colonies in South America
form military alliances with Latin American nations
avoid involvement in Canadian conflicts
3.
Which policy of the United States was designed to prevent new colonization of the
Western Hemisphere?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monroe Doctrine
Open Door
Good Neighbor
Carter Doctrine
4.
“It is evident that they belong to different systems. England to Europe, America to
itself.”
Which United States foreign policy is most consistent with the idea expressed in this
quotation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
the Marshall Plan
the Monore Doctrine
the Truman Doctrine
the Atlantic Charter
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 16
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
In 1823, the Monroe Doctrine was established mainly because the United States wanted
to
1.
2.
3.
4.
keep control of Alaska and Hawaii
establish more colonies in Latin America
support England's attempt to keep its empire in Central America
warn Europe against any further colonization in Latin America
6.
Which United States foreign policy action resulted from the close geographic
relationship between the United States and Latin America?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Monroe Doctrine
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Open Door policy
1. 3
4. 2
2. 1
5. 4
3. 1
6. 1
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 17
Political Cartoons – The Monroe Doctrine
Directions – Look at both of these political cartoons. Explain how each illustrates the Monroe
Doctrine.
______________________________________________________________________________
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 18
Andrew Jackson
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
President Andrew Jackson used the spoils system to
1.
2.
3.
4.
veto bills he disliked
enforce Supreme Court decisions
move Native American Indians off their traditional lands
provide jobs to political party supporters
2.
The United States government is creating memorials along the Trail of Tears because it
was
1.
2.
3.
4.
an important road used by settlers going to the frontier
the location of injustices against many Native American Indians
the site of victories by General Andrew Jackson during the War of 1812
the route followed by the first transcontinental railroad
3.
Starting with the election of President Andrew Jackson (1828), voter participation
increased due to the
1.
2.
3.
4.
passage of an amendment ending religious qualifications for voting
extension of suffrage to Native American Indians
end of property requirements for voting by many states
arrival of more immigrants from nations with democratic governments
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 19
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
4.
“John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it.”
– Andrew Jackson
President Jackson is believed to have made this statement in response to what issue?
1.
2.
3.
4.
the forced removal of Native Americans from their lands
the creation of “pet banks”
the formation of the Whig Party
the crisis that erupted as a result of new tariffs
5.
President Andrew Jackson claimed that use of the spoils system increased democracy in
the federal government because it
1.
2.
3.
4.
removed property-holding qualifications for voting
limited the role of the electoral college in presidential elections
allowed larger numbers of citizens to hold office
used nominating conventions to pick political party candidates
6.
As a result of President Andrew Jackson’s policies, Native American Indians were
1.
2.
3.
4.
relocated to reservations in Mexico
forcibly removed to areas west of the Mississippi River
gradually allowed to return to their ancestral lands
given United States citizenship
1. 4
2. 2
3. 3
U.S. History
4. 1
5. 3
6. 2
Mr. Drach
Page 20
Interpreting Graphics – Andrew Jackson
How does the cartoon portray Jackson in
order to express Jackson’s criticism of the
Second Bank of the United States?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Title of Cartoon:
Jackson as Satan Dangles the Spoils of Victory over
his Supporters.
What is implied in this political cartoon?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Why do some believe a better title for this map would be
“Trail of Tears”?
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 21
Missouri Compromise
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
During the period 1820-1860, the major concerns in the United States dealt with issues
related to
1.
2.
3.
4.
determining the future of slavery
imposing immigration quotas
developing big business
acquiring an overseas empire
2.
Which statement about the Missouri Compromise (1820) is most accurate?
1. Slavery was banned west of the Mississippi River.
2. Unorganized territories would be governed by the United States and Great
Britain.
3. The balance between free and slave states was maintained.
4. The 36°30' line formed a new boundary between the United States and Canada.
3.
Both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 settled conflicts
between the North and the South over
1.
2.
3.
4.
admission of states to the Union
Supreme Court decisions
presidential election results
voting rights
4.
The rapid westward migration caused by the discovery of gold in California led directly
to
1.
2.
3.
4.
the start of the Civil War
the adoption of the Compromise of 1850
increased trade through the Panama Canal
control of the United States Senate by the slave states
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 22
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
The map illustrates the impact on the United States of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
Great Compromise
Missouri Compromise
Dred Scott decision
Emancipation Proclamation
6.
The Articles of Confederation and the theory of nullification were both attempts to
1.
2.
3.
4.
strengthen the national government
form new political parties
protect states’ rights
strengthen the presidency
7.
From 1820 to 1865, the debates over nullification, protective tariffs, and the spread of
slavery into the new territories concerned the constitutional issue of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
balance of power between the federal and state governments
balance between the rights of individuals and the need to maintain order
protection of the rights of ethnic and racial groups
separation of power between the executive and legislative branches
8.
One way in which the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (1798) and the South Carolina
Ordinance of Nullification (1832) are similar is that each
1. claimed that individual states have the right to interpret federal laws
2. formed part of the unwritten constitution
3. supported the federal government’s power to declare war
4. provided a way for new states to enter the Union
Answers – 1) 1
U.S. History
2) 3
3)1
4)2
5)2
6)3
Mr. Drach
7)1
8)1
Page 23
Interpreting Graphics – Missouri Compromise
Use the two graphics above to describe why the Missouri Compromise so important to Southern
States.
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 24
Kansas Nebraska Act & Bleeding Kansas
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
Regents Review Questions
1.
"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union (1820)
"California Admitted to Union as Free State" (1850)
"Kansas-Nebraska Act Set Up Popular Sovereignty" (1854)
Which issue is reflected in these headlines?
1.
2.
3.
4.
enactment of protective tariffs
extension of slavery
voting rights for minorities
universal public education
2.
One way that "Bleeding Kansas," the Dred Scott decision, and John Brown’s raid on
Harper’s Ferry had a similar effect on the United States was that these events
1.
2.
3.
4.
ended conflict over slavery in the territories
eased tensions between the North and the South
contributed to the formation of the Whig Party
made sectional compromise more difficult
3.
The Dred Scott decision on the issue of slavery upheld the Southern viewpoint that
1.
2.
3.
4.
the power of the Supreme Court does not extend to cases of race
Congress could not pass a law depriving territorial residents of their property
a national vote should be held to decide the legality of slavery
the economic well-being of the western states depended on slave labor
4.
Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would
be legal in their territory?
1.
2.
3.
4.
nullification
sectionalism
popular sovereignty
southern secession
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 25
Regents Review Questions
Essential Themes
and Main Ideas
5.
In the 1850s, the phrase “Bleeding Kansas” was used to describe clashes between
1.
2.
3.
4.
proslavery and antislavery groups
Spanish landowners and new American settlers
Chinese and Irish railroad workers
Native American Indians and white settlers
6.
“Uncle Tom’s Cabin Stirs Controversy”
“Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict”
“John Brown’s Raid Angers South”
Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these
headlines?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery.
Americans had lost confidence in the plan for Reconstruction.
Northern and Southern voters were united in support of popular sovereignty.
Support for the abolitionist movement decreased during this period.
7.
Which heading best completes the partial outline below?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Foreign Policies of the United States
Government Policies Toward Native American Indians
Consequences of Manifest Destiny
Causes of Sectional Conflict
1. 2
2. 4
3. 2
4. 3
U.S. History
5. 1
6. 1
7. 4
Mr. Drach
Page 26
Interpreting graphics – Bleeding Kansas
What does the building on the left say?
What were people doing at the building on the left?
What is popular sovereignty?
What does this political cartoon imply was happening that caused “Bleeding Kansas”?
U.S. History
Mr. Drach
Page 27