Middle Colonies
New York
• Its name-after the kings brother the Duke
of York
• Background-claimed by Dutch—Hudson
• Dutch- called New Amsterdam (city) and
New Netherlands (area, which was NY
and part of NJ north east)
• Patroons- rich Dutch land owners who had
may people working on the farms for them
----five patroons controlled the whole area
New York
• King of England mad that this Dutch area split up his
colonies thus
• Made his kingdom weaker. He also wanted New York
since it had great harbors (TWO REASONS KING
WANTED NY)
• Dutch Governor Peter Stuyvesant was not liked by his
people
• --high taxes---lack of freedoms
• England takes over without a fight since the people were
not willing to fight for Stuyvesant and hoped things would
be better under
• English control
New York
• Also part of this area was the part that was
owned by the Swedes till the English took
it (fort Christina ) over in basically the
same way with no fight
• King gave area to his brother, the Duke of
York
• Things not better for the people – the
Duke kind of did nothing with the area –it
was like a toy
Time Line
• The Native Indians
•
1609Henry Hudson English explorer and navigator discovered
Newark Bay and establishes the Dutch colony of New Netherland
•
1638 settlement led by Peter Minuet
• 1646 Peter Stuyvesant became Dutch Governor of the New
Netherlands
• 1655 The Dutch defeat the Swedes on the Delaware and
Stuyvesant took possession of the New Sweden Colony
•
1664 King Charles II totally ignored any Dutch claims and gave the
entire country to his brother James, Duke of York
•
1664 The Dutch lose New Amsterdam to The British which is renamed as New York, after the Duke of York
New Jersey
• New Jersey- 1664 (was part of the NY
area the Duke gained)
• Its name- After the Island of Jersey in the
Med. Sea , a place Carteret was a war
hero in
• Background• New Sweden-Fort Christina
• The Dutch took over
• English take over
• King gives to Brother as part of NY
New Jersey
• Brother as part of NY then
• Splits land in ½ and gives NJ to two of his
friends
• --Lord Berkeley- west
• --Sir Carteret- east ( who it is named after)
• These two men rented the land out to other in
order to make money
• East was rented to Merchants
• West was rented to the Society of Friends ( like
Quakers)
Proprietary colony-owned by one or
two people
Time line
• The Native Indians
• 1524The Spanish Verrazzano explores the Jersey coast for the
French
• 1609 Henry Hudson English -discovered Newark Bay and
establishes the Dutch colony of New Netherland
•
1638 Swedish settlement
• 1655 The Dutch defeat the Swedes on the Delaware, ending the
New Sweden Colony. Delaware becomes a part of New Netherland
•
1660T he Dutch establish Bergen
• 1664 The British take control of New Jersey from the Dutch
• 1676 New Jersey Colony is divided into East Jersey and West
Jersey
Pennsylvania
• Pennsylvania – 1682
• Its name- Latin for Penn’s Woods
• William Penn
Pennsylvania
• Was a Quaker in England- NOT LIKED AT ALL
•
1-Felt men and women were equal
•
2-Refused to pay taxes
•
3-Refused to fight in war
• (were arrested and often fined in England)
• King did not like anyone who was not a member
of his church
• Penn’s father died who was owed money by the
King
• Penn gains land instead of the money
Pennsylvania
• Penn gains land instead of the money
•
Penn happy a place he can worship as
he wants
•
King happy since he got rid of the
Quakers
• Penns goal—to worship freely
• Government- Frame of Government
• Penn appointed Governor, and council of advisors to
make the laws
• A representative assembly elected by white land owners
or those who pay taxes could accept or reject (Veto)
• First government that built in a system to amend the
government
• The idea of Veto
• Holy Experiment
• Model for Reg. Freedom (but must believe in G-d)
• Got along with the Indians –paid for land
Got along with Native Americans
Pennsylvania
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Grew fast since they Advertised
Largest city in America –Philadelphia
(means City of Brotherly Love)
One issue was it was land locked
King gave Penn Delaware to solve this –
however in later years Penn let Delaware
have its own government thus still land
locked
Land locked issue
Delaware
• Delaware-1638
• Its name-The state takes its name from
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an
English nobleman
• Penn gained area to solve land lock issue
• Gave own representative government
since the people of Delaware
• felt Philadelphia to far to go to be involved
in the gov. and Penn was so large
Delaware
Life
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Marry young
Large families
Industry
Iron---Fur---Rum---Grain----cash crops--manufacturing
• Soil rocky yet good, growing season not as long
As the Southern yet longer than the New England
• Rivers very important for power and
transportation
Life
• Quakers
• Church schools –had to pay thus only
boys went—Bible was the textbook
• Nick Names
• Mixture -- mix of the NE and S
• Bread Basket-- all the grain grown
Life
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Terms
Cash crop
Tenant Farmer
Refuge
Proprietary
Royal
Patroon
Amend
Veto
Apprentice – age 12-13 move from home and go
live with skilled
Map
• The Middle Colonies had rich soil, allowing
the area to become a major exporter of
wheat and other grains. Pennsylvania saw
success in the textile and iron industry.
• Because of the large grain exports
resulting from this soil, the colonies came
to be known as the Bread Basket
Colonies.
• While the Middle Colonies had far more
industry than the Southern Colonies, it still
did not rival the industry of New England.