Configuring a Router
Router user interface
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The Cisco IOS software uses a command-line interface
(CLI) as the traditional console environment.
This environment is accessible through several methods:
– Console
– AUX port (modem)
– Telnet
Establishing a HyperTerminal session
Router
Console port
Rollover cable
Terminal or a
PC with
terminal
emulation
software
Com1 or Com2 serial port
Take the following steps to connect a terminal to the console port on the router:
• Connect the terminal using the RJ-45 to RJ-45 rollover cable and an RJ-45 to
DB-9 or RJ-45 to DB-25 adapter.
• Configure the terminal or PC terminal emulation software for 9600 baud, 8 data
bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, and no flow control.
Establishing a HyperTerminal session
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Important: A console connection is not the same as a
network connection!
Logging into the router
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Two commands can be used to set a password used to access privileged
EXEC mode: enable password and enable secret
The following are specific modes that can also be accessed from the global
configuration mode:
– Interface
– Subinterface
– Line
– Router
– Route-map
CLI command modes
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)# interface fa 0/0
Router(config-if)#
The command Exit
will take you up one
level
Configuring a router name
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Tokyo
Tokyo(config)#
Configuring a serial interface
Configuring an IP Address on an interface…
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address <ip address> <netmask>
show ip interface command
Router# show ip interface brief
Interface
Ethernet0
Serial0
IP-Address
131.108.1.11
198.135.2.49
OK?
YES
YES
Method
manual
manual
Status
up
administratively down
Protocol
up
down
What is wrong here? The administrator has either done a
“shutdown” on the interface or has forgotten to do a “no shutdown”.
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A serial interface will not show “up” and “up” unless both
ends are properly configured (mostly) and the no shutdown
command is used.
If one router’s configuration looks okay, check the other
router’s configuration.
Configuring a serial interface
Lab
DCE
DTE
Real world
• On serial links that are directly interconnected, as in a lab environment,
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one side must be considered a DCE and provide a clocking signal.
The clock is enabled and speed is specified with the clock rate
command.
Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000 (on DCE end Only)
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Configuring an Ethernet Interface
Configuring a Dynamic Routing Protocol:
Configuring RIPv1
First, RIP is enabled on each router.
From global configuration you will enter the command (the
default is RIPv1):
Router(config)#router rip
Second, Once you are in the Router RIP configuration submode, all you need to do is enter the classful network
address for each directly connected network, using the
network command.
Router(config-router)#network directlyconnected-classful-network-address
Example
First, we Configure the interfaces on
each router
SanJose2
hostname SanJose2
interface ethernet 0
ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface serial 0
ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
SanJose1
hostname SanJose1
interface ethernet 0
ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
interface serial 0
ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 64000
interface serial 1
ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 64000
When done configuring the
interfaces use the command:
show ip interface brief
Baypointe
hostname Baypointe
interface ethernet 0
ip add 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
interface serial 0
ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
Second, we configure RIPv1
Here are the commands for each router:
SanJose2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
SanJose2(config)#router rip
SanJose2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
SanJose2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
End with CNTL/Z.
Baypointe#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Baypointe(config)#router rip
Baypointe(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0
Baypointe(config-router)#network 192.168.5.0
SanJose1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
SanJose1(config)#router rip
SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0
SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0
SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0
End with CNTL/Z.
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router
SanJose2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M mobile, B - BGP
<omitted>
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
R
192.168.4.0/24
Serial0
R
192.168.5.0/24
Serial0
C
192.168.1.0/24
C
192.168.2.0/24
R
192.168.3.0/24
Serial0
SanJose2#
[120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,
[120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,
is directly connected, Ethernet0
is directly connected, Serial0
[120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router
SanJose1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M
- mobile, B - BGP
<omitted>
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1
R
192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:12,
Serial1
R
192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:10,
Serial0
C
192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0
C
192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
Third, We check on the routing table for each
router
Baypointe#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF
inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external
type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E
- EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
C
C
R
R
R
192.168.4.0/24
192.168.5.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.3.0/24
is directly
is directly
[120/2] via
[120/1] via
[120/1] via
connected, Serial0
connected, Ethernet0
192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0
192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0
192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0
copy running-config startup-config
During bootup
running-config
RAM
startup-config
Router# copy running-config startup-config
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Changes to the router are automatically put in the running-config file.
If the router loses power or reboots, everything in RAM is lost including the runningconfig file.
To make sure the changes to the router’s configuration remain saved, you must copy
the running-config from RAM into the startup-config into NVRAM:
Router# copy
running-config
startup-config
copy running-config startup-config
Router# copy running-config startup-config
Or
Router# copy running startup
OR
Router# copy run start
OR
Any usage of the command or parameters, so that they are still uniquely recognizable.
WARNING
• Using an incorrect configuration file name could overwrite the router’s IOS in flash, as the router believes
you are trying to copy a blank file into flash.
Router#copy running-config start-up
**** NOTICE ****
Incorrect file name!
Flash load helper v1.0
This process will accept the copy options and then terminate
the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.
Routing functionality will not be available during that time.
If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.
Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.
---- ******** ---Proceed? [confirm]^C
%Copy cancelled by user request.
Press <control> C
Router#
Examining the show commands (typed from
Privileged Mode)
• Show ip interface Brief: Shows the
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status of the interfaces along with their IP
Addresses
show startup-configuration –
Displays the saved configuration located in
NVRAM
show running-configuration –
Displays the configuration currently running
in RAM
How to Reset The Router
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Router> enable
Router# erase start (Press enter to confirm): This step
erases the configuration file
Router# Reload : This step soft-boots the router
After the router reloads, the following question will show:
“Would you like to enter the setup mode”, Please answer
“no” to that question.
The router should now take you to user mode: Router>
Note: If asked for a password, use the password system in
the next slide
Router Passwords Used in the Cisco Lab
Will not be used for the VoIP Labs
Privilege Password
cisco
Console password
conpass
VTY 0 4 password
vtypass
Auxiliary
auxpass