atp: the unit of cellular energy
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Friday Jan 9-Week 1 Science of Life TOPIC: Organisms obtaining Energy OBJ : 1-3 DO NOW: What was the role of BTB in our Elodea lab? QUIZ MONDAY!!! -Review Lab -Go over 8.1 Application notes -Start 8.2 Book Pages/Reading Questions/Vocab HANDOUTS to PICK-UP: -8.2 Book Pages -8.2 Reading Questions ABSENT AGENDA EXT: DUE DATE: DW: 8.2 BK PG/RDG Qs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SEMINAR 2: BEFORE/AFTER SCHOOL: DW- None EXIT: Fill in your level of understanding AND Explain how the function of ATP in a cell is like that of a battery in a car. FRIDAY Friday: ___1__/__9___ OBJECTIVE…#_1-3____ TOPIC: Organisms obtaining Energy Daily Work Grade- None DW GRADE: 2 1 0 DO NOW •Q: What was the role of BTB in our Elodea Lab? •A: BTB is a pH indicator. Since CO2 is slightly acidic, the BTB changed from blue to green. This was helpful in showing us whether or not CO2 was present. Therefore, we were able to conclude whether photosynthesis had occurred or not. Today’s Objectives PREREQUISITES: 1- COMPARE/CONTRAST autotrophs and heterotrophs 2- REVIEW the carbon cycle 8.1 HOW ORGANISMS OBTAIN ENERGY 1- SUMMARIZE the two laws of thermodynamics 2- DESCRIBE/ EXPLAIN ATP & how it works in the cell 3- COMPARE how processes of cellular energy are related to each other Vocabulary energy thermodynamics metabolism photosynthesis cellular respiration ATP (adenosine triphosphate)- ADP (adenosine diphosphate)- These should be done by test day! LAB: photosynthesis & respiration PRELAB: IDENTIFY VARIABLES/ CONTROLS: ENVIRONMENT [ plant- dark/light] IV-INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: _________________________ presence [amt] of CO2 / O2 DV-DEPENDENT VARIABLE: _________________________ beaker C [ dark environment] & D [light envirnt] # drops of BTB CONTROL: _________________________ CONSTANTS: amount of H2O -____________________________ time [24 hrs] -____________________________ size of elodea [plant] -____________________________ LAB: photosynthesis & respiration CONCLUSION: (1-3 bulleted statements each) 1- EXPLAIN why bromothymol blue was used in this experiment. -identify presence of CO2 2-EXPLAIN why the bromothymol blue indicator changed color after blowing into the flask -bubbles contained CO2 -CO2 is slightly acidic 3- IDENTIFY the purpose of placing the Elodea in Flask A & B. -possibility of observing photosynthesis (presence of O2) 4-ANALYZE why differences were observed between the Elodea in the light and the Elodea in the dark. -photosynthesis reaction STARTS with LIGHT ENERGY -no light was present in the dark LAB: photosynthesis & respiration CONCLUSION: (1-3 bulleted statements each) 5-EXPLAIN the process of photosynthesis. -autotrophs CAPTURE light energy -CONVERT light energy to chemical energy -RELEASE O2 as a “waste product” -STORE chemical energy as glucose 6-IDENTIFY how the results demonstrate the requirements necessary for this process to occur. -beaker A [plant/light]: BTB back to blue (more O2 present than CO2) -beaker B [plant/dark]: BTB still green- light energy not captured to start process of photosynthesis. 7-PROPOSE possible future applications and adaptations. TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY COMPARE the laws about how energy flows. Give EX of each: 1st LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS DEFINED EXAMPLE -Law of Conservation of Energy -Energy never created or destroyed -Energy is transformed or converted Food Run 2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS -Energy cannot be converted w/o the loss of usable energy -When lost-usually converted into thermal energy entropy- Measure of disorder or unusable energy Food Chains— usable energy decreases TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY INSERT the terms above to complete the passage: GROUP B The group that makes their own food is ______________________________. AUTOTROPHS The organisms in this group are called ____________________. GROUP A The group that must eat other organisms for food is _______________________. HETEROTROPHS The organisms in this group are called ____________________. Some organisms get their energy from inorganic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide. These organisms are called _________________________. CHEMOAUTOTROPHS TRANSFORMATION OF TRANSFORMATION OFENERGY ENERGY SEQUENCE the flow of energy from the SUN to heterotrophs -PLANTS/AUTOTROPHS [ capture energy from the SUN] -CONVERT light energy to CHEMICAL ENERGY -chemical energy STORED [glucosecarbohydrates] -HETEROTROPHS obtain chemical energy by EATING autotrophs/heterotrophs] METABOLISM METABOLISM IDENTIFY the type of metabolic pathway(s) described below. STAND UP SIT DOWN catabolic anabolic -energy released / breaks down particles catabolic anabolic -energy used/ builds larger molecules from smaller molecules catabolic anabolic -provides continual flow of energy within an organism catabolic anabolic -PHOTOSYNTHESIS catabolic anabolic -RESPIRATION METABOLISM METABOLISM COMPARE/CONTRAST -PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION PG 220 Fig 8.3 PHOTOSYNTHESIS -anabolic -light chemical -takes place in chloroplast -2 phases -light dept/Calvin cycle RESPIRATION -catabolic -release energy -takes place mitochondria -2 stages -glycolisis / Krebs METABOLISM METABOLISM IDENTIFY how organisms use energy provided in P & CR AUTOTROPHS make own food -photoautotroph -chemoautoroph HETEROTROPHS -CO2 -H2O -O2 -C6H1206 -O2 -C6H1206 -CO2 -H2O ingest food for energy -herbivore -omnivore -carnivore ATP Most important bio-molecule that provides chemical energy BILL NYE ATP ATP ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ATP: THE UNIT OF CELLULAR ENERGY COMPLETE WITH TABLE PARTNER IDENTIFY the importance of ATP -found in ALL organisms -most ABUNDANT energy form -VARIETY of REACTIONS PROVIDE an example of how organisms use ATP -muscles contracting [chemicalmechanical] -cell movement (flagella / cilia) -active transport ATP:UNIT THE UNIT CELLULAR ENERGY ATP: THE OFOFCELLULAR ENERGY DIAGRAM/LABEL the STRUCTURE of ATP -adenine base -ribose sugar -3 phosphate groups ATP:UNIT THE UNIT CELLULAR ENERGY ATP: THE OFOFCELLULAR ENERGY SUMMARIZE:VIDEO CLIP ATP -provides quick energy ADP -bond broken 2-3 phosphate -INTERCHANGE by + / - phosphate groups -ENERGY reactions in cell ATP ADP • Partially charged battery • 2 phosphates ATP • Fully Charged Battery • 3 phosphates 22 VIDEO CLIP VIDEO CLIP- 15min how cells obtain energy EXIT FILL-IN: level of understanding of today’s objective EXIT: Explain how the function of ATP in a cell is like that of a battery in a car.
