Unit 5
The Tapestry of Friendship
Ellen Goodman
What’s friendship?
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F:
R:
I:
E:
N:
D:
S:
H:
I:
P:
Friendly
Respect
Integrity
Always treating people the way
Encouragingyou Always
would want
them
to treat
smile
and
say
hello you.
Then,
you
will
have
Nice
when
greeting
other
people.
Doing
something
good
for
F.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.
You
should
assist
others
Diversity Always
someone
when
nofriends'
one
is looking.
when
they
are
in need.
lift
up
your
Do not be a follower.spirits
Sincerity
withDo
positive
words
and
actions.
Always
being
courteous,
not sacrifice
character.
Always
show
consideration
Always
respect
others
differences:
Helpful
pleasant,
and
never
misbehave.
for others.
gender,
abilities,
culture, race,
Individual
Always speak and act genuinely.
and ethnicity
Politeness
The kinds of friendships
• Same Gender
• Male-female
Friendship between Women
• A woman didn’t come home one
night. The next day she told her husband
that she had slept over at a girlfriend’s
house. Then man called his wife's 10 best
friends. None of them knew anything
about it.
Friendship between Men
• A man didn’t come home one night. The
next day he told his wife that he slept over
at a buddy's house. The woman called her
husband's 10 best friends. Eight of them
confirmed that he had slept over, and two
claimed he was still there!
About the author
Ellen Goodman, Born on
April 11, 1941, in Newton
MA, is a Boston Globe
Online columnist and a
stylish writer with a
humanizing touch on any
issue, public or personal. She
is widely acclaimed as a
voice of sanity, and readers
depend on her to help them
make sense of their changing
lives and relationships.
Discourse Analysis
The author reveals
what kind of film the
woman had just seen.
The author advances the
standard of friendship on
the basis of the shift of
focus of cinema lens.
Para.(3-6)
Para.(1-2)
Friendship
Para.(7-18)
The distinctions
of the two types of
friendship are detailed.
Para.(19)
It summarizes the
difference between the
male companionship and
the female friendship.
Part I (Para. 1-2)
The author reveals what kind of film
the woman had just seen.
Language Points:
1. tapestry n.
 1) You can refer to something as a tapestry
when it is made up of many varied types of
people or things. (LITERARY)
Meadows are thick with a tapestry of wild
flowers.
 2) a large piece of heavy cloth on which
colored threads are woven to produce a
picture, pattern etc.壁毯; 挂毯

2. budget
 n. the money that is available to an
organization or person预算
 E.g. big-budget / low-budget movies; cut
the budget
 > budget v.为 ... 做预算 vi.节省开支

3. chase
 1) v. ~ (after) sb/sth run after in order to
capture or overtake sb/sth追捕; 追赶


2) n. act of chasing; pursuit追捕; 追赶
4. shoot-out
 n. [C] a fight using guns枪战

5. cosmic
 a. of the whole universe or cosmos宇宙的;
巨大的
 * (fig) a disaster of cosmic proportions, i.e.
very great.

Girlfriends

It is a believable relationship
story of a young Jewish
woman who is trying to make it
on her own, coping with work,
romance and friendship at the
same time and has to accept
the marriage of her best friend
and roommate. It seemed
almost revolutionary in 1978
when it was first released. It is
a small movie that made a big
splash with its focus on
women's’ interior lives.
6. affecting
 a. producing strong emotions of sadness,
pity etc感人的,动人的
 > affect v.

7. pan
 v. (of a camera, etc) move in this way （指
摄影机等）移动拍摄
 E.g. The shot panned slowly across the
room.

8. fragility
 n. the condition of being infirm or physically
weak
 > fragile a. 易受伤害的; 易碎的
 E.g. fragile china/glass;
(fig) Human happiness is so fragile.

9. resiliency
 n. the quality or state of being flexible弹性
 > resilient a. 能迅速恢复或重新振作的; 弹性
的
 E.g. The company proved remarkably
resilient during the recession.
 > resilience n [U]

10. tissue
 1) n. a piece of soft thin paper纸巾
 2) n. network; web网状物;组织
 E.g. connective tissue


Questions:

1) What kind of film did the woman see?

2) What did she think of it?
Part II (Para. 3-6)
The author advances the standard
of friendship on the basis of the
shift of focus of cinema lens.
Julia
A film produced in 1977,
Julia centers on Lillian’s
relationship with her
lifelong friend Julia, a
story that takes place in
the 1930s. Their
relationship goes beyond
mere acquaintance, and
is sustained by love.
The Turning Point
This film tells the story of
friends and former
competitors in the world of
ballet, as well as the
daughter of one of the
women who is starting a
career in ballet of her own.
11. drastic
 adj extreme and sudden突然的; 猛烈的
 drastic action/measures
 >drastically adv

12. binge
 n. (inf.) a short period when you do too
much of something, such as eating or
drinking狂欢
 E.g. a drinking binge; a week-long binge of
shopping

13. trendy
 a. influenced by the most fashionable styles
and ideas流行的;时髦的
 E.g. a trendy London night club
>trendiness n [U]

14. celluloid
 1) n. [U] a kind of plastic that cinema film
used to be made of赛璐珞
 2) n. (dated) cinema films电影片
 E.g. Chaplin's comic genius is preserved on
celluloid.

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
The film tells the story of Wild
West outlaws Robert LeRoy
Parker, known to history as Butch
Cassidy and his partner Harry
Longabaugh, the “Sundance Kid”
(Robert Redford) as they migrate
to Bolivia while on the run from
the law in search of a more
successful criminal career.
15. atavistic adj (formal)
atavistic feelings are very basic human
feelings that people have felt since humans
have existed原始的,隔代遗传的
 E.g. an atavistic fear of snakes

16. attachment
n. [C] a feeling that you like or love
someone or something and that you would
be unhappy without them依恋; 眷恋
 E.g. a child‘s attachment to his mother
> attach v. 连接；使依恋
attached a. 附属的, 依恋的

17. cull
v. ~ sth (from sth) select or obtain sth from
various different sources从各个不同的方面
挑选出或获得某事物
 E.g. information culled from various
reference books
 > cull n. 剔除; 挑选

18. bonding n [U]亲密关系
 male/female bonding (informal)
the activity of doing things with other people
of the same sex
 >bond v.(使)粘合
n. 联系；粘合剂


19. primal
1) a. (fml) first or original; primeval最初的; 原
始的
2) a. chief or most important; fundamental;
primary主要的;基础性的
18. pick on
 1) choose sb for punishment, criticism or
blame选中某人惩罚﹑ 批评或责怪
 E.g. She felt that her parents were picking
on her.
 2) choose sb for a task, esp an unpleasant
one选中某人做某事（尤指厌恶的事）
 E.g. I was picked on to announce the bad
news.

21. dual
 adj having two of something or two parts二
重的; 双的
dual role /purpose / function / citizenship
/ nationality
> duality n [U]

You’re OK, I’m OK Corral
Questions:
3. Why does the author list the movies
the woman had seen that year?
4. What led the woman to think that the
cinema has shifted its focus?
Part III (Para. 7-18)
The distinctions of the two types of
friendship are detailed.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Samuel Taylor
Coleridge (21 October
1772 – 25 July 1834) was
an English poet, literary
critic and philosopher
who was a founder of the
Romantic Movement in
England and a member of
the Lake Poets.

22. border v ~ on sth
be next to sth; be almost the same as sth 接
近某物;几乎与某事物相同
E.g. (fig)The boy's reply to his teacher was
bordering on rudeness.
23. adversity
 n. [U] unfavorable conditions; trouble逆境;
不幸
 > adverse a.不利的，有害的
adversary n. 对手，敌手

24. palpable
 adj (fml) clear to the mind; obvious明显的;
明白的
 > palpably adv
 Antonym: impalpable


25. accessory
1) n. (usu pl) thing that is a useful or
decorative extra but that is not essential附属
品; 配件
2) n. ~ (to sth) (law) person who helps
another in a crime从犯; 帮凶
> accessory adj additional; extra
26. athletic
 adj [attrib] of athletes or athletics运动员的;
运动的
 E.g. an athletic club * athletic sports
>athletics n. 运动，体育
 athlete n. 运动员
 athleticism n. 运动竞赛, 运动能力

27. loathe
 v. [Tn] feel great hatred or disgust for (sb/sth)
憎恨; 厌恶
 > loathing n [U] disgust厌恶; 憎恨
 E.g. have a loathing of sth
 loathsome adj causing one to feel disgusted
or shocked; repulsive讨厌的; 令人震惊的

28. confidence
 n. secret which is told to sb知心话; 私房话
 E.g. The two girls sat in a corner exchanging
confidences.
 in (strict) confidence当作秘密
 take sb into one‘s confidence向某人吐露
内心的秘密等
 confidence trick骗局
 > confidential a. 机密的

29. hang together
 (of people) support or help one another团结
一致, 互相帮助
 hang on to sth
 hold sth tightly 抓紧某物

30. confess
v. ~ (to sth/doing sth); ~ (sth) (to sb) say
or admit, often formally (that one has done
wrong, committed a crime, etc)承认（错误﹑
罪行等）; 供认
 E.g. She confessed (to the priest) that she
had sinned.
 >confession n.

31. wretched adj
very unhappy; miserable or pitiable极不愉快
的; 悲惨的
 * His stomach-ache made him feel wretched
(ie ill) all day.
 >wretchedness n [U]
 wretch n.不幸的人；卑鄙的人

32. moan v
1) utter moans or say (sth) with moans呻吟;
呻吟着说（某事）
2) ~ (about sth) (infml) grumble or complain
抱怨; 发牢骚
 > moan n. [c] 呻吟声, 抱怨

33. restraint n (fml)
[U] ~ (in sth) avoidance of exaggeration or
excess; moderation克制; 节制
 E.g. He showed/exercised considerable
restraint in not suing for a divorce.
 >restrain vt.

Babbitt

Babbitt, first published in
1922, is a novel by Sinclair
Lewis. Largely a satire of
American culture, society,
and behavior, it critiques
the vacuity of middle-class
American life and its
pressure on individuals
toward conformity.
34. grievance
 n ~ (against sb) real or imagined cause for
complaint or protest委屈, 不满
 * He'd been harboring / nursing a grievance
against his boss.

35. claustrophobic
 adj. If you feel claustrophobic, you feel
very uncomfortable or anxious when you are
in a small, crowded, or enclosed place.幽闭
恐怖症的;引起幽闭恐怖的
 > claustrophobia n.

Questions:
5. What's the fundamental difference
between buddies and friends?
 6. What is the point put forward in
Paragraph 14?
 7. What is the point of Paragraph 15?
 8. What point does the example in
Paragraph 16 illustrate?
 9. What is the point of Paragraph 18?

Part IV (Para. 19)
It summarizes the
difference
between
companionship and
friendship.
fundamental
the
male
the female
George Santayana

George Santayana
(December 16, 1863
– September 26,
1952) was a
philosopher, essayist,
poet, and novelist.