Frederick Griffith
Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and
Colin MacLeod
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
DNA Structure
Protein Synthesis - Overview
 The DNA of the gene is transcribed into RNA
 Which is translated into protein
 The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to Protein is called the
CENTRAL DOGMA
DNA
RNA
Protein
 Nucleus
Protein Synthesis - Overview
Transcription
 Polypeptide Cytoplasm
DNA
RNA
Protein
mRNA
Translation
DNA
Protein Synthesis (Overview)
Central Dogma - FLOW IS FROM DNA TO RNA TO PROTEIN
Protein Synthesis (Overview)
FLOW IS FROM DNA TO RNA TO PROTEIN
 Genes on DNA are expressed through proteins, which provide the
molecular basis for inherited traits
 A particular gene, is a linear sequence of many nucleotides
 The gene specifies a polypeptide (long protein made of amino
acids)
Protein Synthesis (Overview)
Genes - discrete units of hereditary
information comprised of a nucleotide
sequence found in a DNA molecule.
ANIMATIONS
DNA Replication (Real Time)
Harvard DNA Replication - enzyme explanations
DNA Replication – short
DNA Transcription - DNA to RNA
Translation in the Cytoplasm - RNA to Protein
Translation - Step by Step
DNA Replication
DNA Replication
tRNA and Binding of Amino Acids to tRNA
Translation – RNA to polypeptide
tRNA
pre mRNA
mRNA
ribosome
Exon
Word Bank:
RNA Polymerase
Nucleus
translation
anticodon
intron
Protein Synthesis
transcription
amino acids
codons
growing polypeptide
DNA